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Zoology > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Blood

A

A type of connective tissue
* Red blood cells (erythrocytes)
* White blood cells (leukocytes)
* Platelets – cell fragments
* Plasma – fluid part of blood

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2
Q
  • The percentage of red blood cells
  • Normal is about 45%
A

Hematocrit

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3
Q

White cells and platelets =
Red blood cells =
Plasma =

A

1%
45%
55%

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4
Q

low RBC count

A

Anemia

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5
Q

carries oxygen; bright red

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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6
Q

a pigment in RBCs

A

Hemoglobin

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7
Q

does not carry oxygen; darker red

A

Deoxyhemoglobin

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8
Q

Deoxyhemoglobin carries carbon dioxide, so also called ____________

A

carboxyhemoglobin

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9
Q

regulates production of Red Blood Cells

A

Erythropoietin

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10
Q

destroy bacteria, viruses, and toxins in the bloodstream (phagocytes)

A

Neutrophils (55%)

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11
Q

Granulocytes that get rid of parasitic infections such as worm infections

A

Eosinophils (3%)

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12
Q

Granulocytes that control inflammation and allergic reactions

A

Basophils (1%)

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13
Q

Granulocytes:

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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14
Q

Agranulocytes that destroy bacteria, viruses, and toxins in the blood

A

Monocytes (8%)

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15
Q

Agranulocytes that provide immunity for the body

A

Lymphocytes (33%)

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16
Q

Agranulocytes:

A
  • Monocytes
  • Lymphocytes
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17
Q

Elevated WBC count
Usually due to infection

A

Leukocytosis

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18
Q

Low WBC count
Some viral infections and other conditions

A

Leukopenia

19
Q

Fragments of cells found in the bloodstream

A

Platelets also called thrombocytes

20
Q

Liquid portion of blood composed mostly of water

21
Q

Smallest plasma proteins

22
Q

Proteins in the plasma that transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins

23
Q

Proteins in the plasma that needed for blood clotting

A

Fibrinogen

24
Q

Nutrients in the plasma:

A
  • Amino acids
  • Glucose
  • Nucleotides
  • Lipids from the digestive tract
25
Q

the control of bleeding

A

Hemostasis

26
Q

Three processes of hemostasis:

A
  • Blood vessel spasm
  • Platelet plug formation
  • Blood coagulation
27
Q

Clumping of red blood cells

A

Agglutination

28
Q

protein on RBCs

A

Rh antigen

29
Q

RBCs contain the Rh antigen

RBCs do not contain the Rh antigen

A

Rh-positive

Rh-negative

30
Q

A ballooned, weakened arterial wall

31
Q

Abnormal heart rhythms

A

Arrhythmias

32
Q

Inflammation of the innermost lining of the heart, including valves

A

Endocarditis

33
Q

Inflammation of the heart

34
Q

Inflammation of the muscular layer of the heart

A

Myocarditis

35
Q

Inflammation of the membranes that surround the heart (pericardium)

A

Pericarditis

36
Q

High blood pressure; consistent resting blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90 mm Hg

A

Hypertension

37
Q

Bone marrow produces a large number of abnormal WBCs

38
Q

Abnormal heart sounds

39
Q

Heart attack; damage to cardiac muscle due to a lack of blood supply

A

Myocardial Infarction

40
Q

Abnormal hemoglobin causes RBCs to change to a sickle shape; abnormal cells stick in capillaries

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

41
Q

Inherited form of anemia; defective hemoglobin chain causes, small, pale, and short-lived RBCs

A

Thalassemia

42
Q

Blood clots and inflammation develops in a vein

A

Thrombophlebitis

43
Q

Twisted, dilated veins

A

Varicose Veins

Zoology (28 decks)

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