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Animal Health Science 1 > Tissue structure and function > Flashcards

Tissue structure and function Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the epithelium that lines the body cavities called?

A

Mesothelium

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of simple epithelium?

A

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

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3
Q

Which simple epithelium can be ciliated?

A

Columnar

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4
Q

Where is cuboidal tissue found?

A

Thyroid tissue
Kidney tubules
Salivary glands
Pancreas

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5
Q

What is often the function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A

Regulate the transport of specific substances across them

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6
Q

Where can columnar epithelial cells be found?

A

Lining the duodenum

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7
Q

What is the function of stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Protection, especially when keratinised

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8
Q

Where can stratified squamous epithelium found?

A

Anywhere that gets a lot of wear eg. tongue or footpad

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9
Q

What are the 2 different types of stratified epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous

Transitional

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10
Q

Where can transitional epithelium be found?

A

In the urinary system

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11
Q

What is special about transitional epithelium?

A

It can stretch and change shape

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12
Q

What is the innermost layer of the transitional epithelium (exposed to urine) called?

A

Mucosa

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13
Q

What is unique about pseudostratified epithelia?

A

It is only one cell thick but looks like more than one because of the varying locations of the cell nuclei
It is ciliated
It contains goblet cells for mucous

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14
Q

Where is pseudostratified epithelia found?

A

In the trachea/respiratory systems

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15
Q

What are the 3 main types of connective tissue?

A

Fibrous
Fibro-cellular
Matrical

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16
Q

What is the main cell responsible for producing connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts

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17
Q

What are the 2 different types of fibrous connective tissue?

A

Collagenous

Elastic

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18
Q

Where is collagenous fibrous connective tissue found?

A

In tendons

19
Q

Where is elastic fibrous connective tissue found?

A

In ligaments

20
Q

What is fibro-cellular connective tissue?

A

Pliable, mesh-like, less strong

21
Q

What are the 2 types of fibro-cellular connective tissue?

A

Areolar

Adipose

22
Q

Where is areolar connective tissue found and what is its function?

A

Subcutaneous - attaches skin to underlying structures

23
Q

What are mast cells?

A

A type of white blood cell that releases histamine

24
Q

What is the dominating cell type in adipose fibro-cellular connective tissue?

A

Adipocytes

25
Q

What are the 2 types of adipose tissue?

A

White and brown

26
Q

What does adipose tissue contain?

A

Fat/lipids

27
Q

Where is brown adipose tissue found?

A

Neonates/new-born animals

28
Q

What is matrical connective tissue?

A

Hard connective tissue

Bone and cartilage

29
Q

What type of collagen are bone and cartilage?

A

Bone - type 1

Cartilage - type 2

30
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage

31
Q

What is the perichondrium?

A

A capsule that surrounds some cartilage structures that allows regeneration of cartilage

32
Q

What are the 2 layers of perichondrium?

A

Outer fibrous layer

Inner chondrogenic layer- can differentiate into cartilage

33
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found?

A

In the trachea and at articular surfaces of joint

34
Q

What is a lacuna?

A

Where chondrocytes surround themselves with cartilage

35
Q

Why can’t hyaline cartilage at the joint regenerate?

A

No perichondrium - leads to arthritis

36
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found?

A

In the epiglottis, ear and nose

37
Q

What is fibrocartilage?

A

The intermediate between fibrous collagenous connective tissue and hyaline cartilage

38
Q

How can you tell the difference between fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage?

A

Fibrocartilage contains chondrocytes rather than fibroblasts

39
Q

Where is fibrocartilage found?

A

Where tendons insert onto bone or cartilage
Outer layer of intervertebral discs
In the menisci

40
Q

What are menisci?

A

Cartilage cushions at some joints

41
Q

What is intramembranous ossification?

A

Forms flat bones

Doesn’t need a cartilage template

42
Q

What is immature bone called?

A

Woven bone

43
Q

What is mature bone called?

A

Lamellar bone

44
Q

What is endochondral ossification?

A

When bone is formed from a cartilage template from growth plates

Animal Health Science 1 (33 decks)

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