Homeostasis, osmosis etc. - FM Flashcards
What are ligand gated channels?
When a hormone triggers a response from the channel
What does electrogenic mean?
The charge beig pumped across isn’t even, eg. Na+/K+ is 2 to 3
What is high and low concentration in intracellular fluid?
High - K+
Low - Na+
What is high and low concentration in extracellular fluid?
High - Na+
Low - K+
WHat is the electrochemical gradient?
The electrical (charge of ions) and the chemical (% of solute) gradient
What are colligative properties?
The properties that change when a solute is added to a solvent
What is the molarity?
The concentration
What is osmolarity?
amount of osmoles in a litre of solution if the solute dissociates
What is the osmotic coefficient?
When the solute partially dissociates, eg. g=0.93
How do you work out osmolarity?
osmotic coefficient x sum of molar conc. of all osmolyte particles
What is the osmotic pressure?
When there is a difference in hydrostatic pressure on each side of the membrane, osmosis flow can change
What is a hypotonic solution?
ICF has more solutes so water moves into cell
What is hypertonic solution?
When the ICF has less solutes so water moves out of the cell
What is the Gibbs-Donnan effect?
When there is an excess of ions inside the cell because the positively charged proteins attract them in
What combats the Gibbs-Donnan effect?
The Na+/K+ ion channels
