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Animal Health Science 1 > Equine and porcine digestive tracts AHS1 > Flashcards

Equine and porcine digestive tracts AHS1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What kind of GI tract do horses have?

A

Midgut fermenter

They have a simple stomach and a much larger caecum and ascending colon

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2
Q

What is distinguishing about the colour of horse viscera?

A

They are yellow rather than white

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the equine stomach?

A

Large non-glandular region - fundus

Glandular region - fundic

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4
Q

What is the name of the ridge that separates the two regions of the equine stomach?

A

Margo plicatus

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5
Q

Where is the non-glandular region in the equine stomach and how can it be identified?

A

It is more dorsal and it is a dirty white - less protected

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6
Q

Where is the glandular region in the equine stomach and how can it be identified?

A

More ventral and it is yellowish, covered in mucous to protect it from the stomach acids

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7
Q

What kind of epithelium makes up the non-glandular region in the equine stomach?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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8
Q

What kind of epithelium makes up the glandular region in the equine stomach?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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9
Q

What is the name of the sphincter at the opening to the equine stomach from the oesophagus in the and what is its significance?

A

The oblique cardiac sphincter - it is well developed which prevents vomiting

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10
Q

What shape is an equine spleen?

A

A sickle shape

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11
Q

Where is the equine spleen fixed and what are found here?

A

At the base

This is where all the blood vessels enter

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12
Q

What is the main ligament associated with the spleen and why is it important?

A

Renosplenic/nephrosplenic ligament - from the left kidney to the spleen
Intestines can get wrapped around it and cause colic

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13
Q

Where is the base of the caecum associated with the peritoneum?

A

It is retroperitoneal

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14
Q

Where is the caecum located?

A

On the right side in the paralumbar fossa

Base is just caudal to the last rib

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15
Q

What is the name of the entrance of the caecum?

A

The ileocaecal junction

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16
Q

What is the name of the exit of the caecum?

A

The caecocolic junction

17
Q

How does the caecum empty?

A

By contractions pushing the contents into the colon that sounds like a toilet flushing every two minutes

18
Q

What is the name of the bands that are on the equine digestive tract?

A

Taeniae

19
Q

What is the name of the smaller bands that create pockets in the caecum?

A

Haustra

20
Q

How many taenial bands are on the caecum?

A

4

21
Q

What is the order of the 4 parts of the equine ascending colon?

A

Right ventral (from caecum on the right) - left ventral - left dorsal - right dorsal

22
Q

What is the name of the main flexure where the colon thins the most?

A

Pelvic flexure

23
Q

What are all the flexures of the equine ascending colon?

A

In order:
The sternal flexure
The pelvic flexure
The diaphragmatic flexure

24
Q

How many taeniae are on each part of the equine GI tract?

A 
Caecum = 4
RVC = 4
LVC = 4
LDC = 1 (expands to 3)
RDC = 3
Descending colon = 3
25
Q

Where in rectal examination should you feel for the pelvic flexure?

A

Dorsal and slightly to the left

26
Q

What is it when you can feel ‘bicycle tyres’ on rectal examination?

A

Inflated jejunoileum - torsion

27
Q

What does the pig liver resemble?

A

Moroccan leather

28
Q

What shape is the pigs ascending colon?

A

Spiral but more conical shaped than the flat cow one

29
Q

What is the name of the pouch in the porcine stomach and which region is it in?

A

The diverticulum - in the expanded cardiac region

30
Q

What else is different about the porcine stomach in the pyloric region?

A

There is a torus pyloricus - a lump/swelling in the pyloric region

31
Q

Where is the pig caecum located?

A

On the left with the base near the left kidney

32
Q

What is the name of the turns in the proximal spiral in the porcine ascending colon?

A

Centripetal - outer to inner

33
Q

What is the name of the turns in the distal spiral in the porcine ascending colon?

A

Centrifugal - inner to outer

34
Q

Where is the apex of the spiral porcine colon located?

A

On the left flank (opposite to the cow)

Animal Health Science 1 (33 decks)

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