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Animal Health Science 1 > Oral cavity AHS1 > Flashcards

Oral cavity AHS1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is imbibition? What are the different ways?

A

Drinking
Lapping
Sucking

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the oral cavity?

A

Lips to pharynx

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the vestibule?

A

The space between the lips/cheeks and the teeth

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4
Q

Where is the oral cavity proper?

A

The space within the teeth

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5
Q

What is the oral cavity bound dorsally by?

A

The hard and soft palate

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6
Q

What is periodontal disease?

A

Disease surrounding mouth structures

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7
Q

What is quidding?

A

Spilling food from mouth during eating

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8
Q

What are the species that have sensitive and mobile lips so are good at prehension?

A

Horse and rabbit

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9
Q

What is the orbicular muscle and what is it innervated by?

A

The circular muscle that surrounds the lips and the facial nerve

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10
Q

What are the bumps on the tongue called?

A

Papillae

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11
Q

Which papillae dont have taste buds associated with the?

A

Conical (at the back) and filiform (at the front)

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12
Q

What are the 4 types of papillae?

A

Conical
Vallate
Fungiform
Filiform

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13
Q

What are papillae covered in?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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14
Q

What are the three regions of the tongue called?

A

Apex - most rostral free end
Body
Root - caudal part

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15
Q

What is the root of the tongue attached to?

A

The hyoid bone

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16
Q

What is the body of the tongue attached to?

A

The mandible by the frenulum

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17
Q

What supports the tongue in ruminants?

A

The lingual process

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18
Q

What is the torus linguae?

A

In cattle the projection at the back of the tongue that causes two bumps with a dent in the middle

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19
Q

What is the name of the dent in the middle of the tongue in cattle?

A

Lingual fossa

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20
Q

What does intrinsic muscle mean?

A

Originate and insert in the same place, inside the same thing

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21
Q

What is the main muscle in the tongue (its intrinsic)?

A

Lingualis proprius

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22
Q

What makes up the lingualis proprius?

A

Fibres orientated in three directions so that it can be moved in all directions

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23
Q

What are the three main extrinsic muscles of the tongue?

A

Genioglossus
Hyoglossus
Styloglossus

24
Q

Where is the genioglossus coming from and what action does it do?

A

It comes from the chin - mandibular symphysis
It attaches to the body of the tongue
It protracts the tongue (pulls it forward)

25
Q

Where is the hyoglossus coming from and what action does it do?

A

It comes from the basihyoid bone to the root of the tongue

It retracts and depresses tongue

26
Q

Where is the Styloglossus coming from and what action does it do?

A

It comes from the stylohyoid bone to body and root of the tongue
It retracts and elevates the tongue

27
Q

What are the muscles of the hyoid apparatus that help with swallowing?

A

Geniohyoideus

Stylohyoideus

28
Q

What is the motor nerve that innervates the tongue?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

29
Q

What is the sensory nerve that innervates the rostral 2/3 of the tongue that detects taste?

A

Facial nerve

30
Q

What is the sensory nerve that innervates the rostral 2/3 of the tongue that detects general sensation?

A

Trigeminal nerve

31
Q

What is the sensory nerve that innervates the caudal 1/3 of the tongue that detects both taste and general sensation?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

32
Q

What is the artery that supplies blood to the tongue?

A

Lingual artery

A branch of the external carotid artery

33
Q

What are the major salivary glands (have long ducts)?

A

Parotid
Mandibular
Sublingual

34
Q

Where is the parotid salivary gland located?

A

Y shaped structure just below the ear

35
Q

Where does the Parotid duct exit?

A

Fourth upper premolar/carnassial tooth in the dog

36
Q

Where is the mandibular salivary gland located?

A

Capsule underneath the parotid duct

37
Q

Where is the mandibular duct exit located?

A

Either side of the lingual frenulum

38
Q

What are the two parts of the sublingual salivary gland?

A

The monostomatic/compact part

The polystomatic/diffuse part

39
Q

Where is the monostomatic/compact part located?

A

Housed within the capsule of the mandibular salivary gland

40
Q

Where is the polystomatic/diffuse part located?

A

Distributed along in the mucosa in the floor of the oral cavity

41
Q

What are the three minor ducts and where are they located?

A

Labial
Lingual
Buccal - cheek
In the walls of the oral cavity and oropharynx

42
Q

What is the salivary gland that is only found in dogs and cats?

A

Zygomatic gland
By cheekbone
Closely associated with the eye

43
Q

Where does the parotid gland run in horses?

A

Ventral to the back of the mandible

44
Q

What is the palatopharyngeal arch?

A

It is a band of tissue (mucosa) coming from the soft palate to the pharynx

45
Q

What is the palatinus muscle?

A

Muscle in the Palatopharyngeal arch that can contract

46
Q

What occurs in the voluntary stage of deglutition?

A

The tongue pushes the bolus against the hard palate using the hyoglossus and the Styloglossus. This forces it towards the pharynx

47
Q

What occurs in the involuntary stage of deglutition?

A

The geniohyoid muscle pulls the hyoid cranially
This pulls the epiglottis back to close over the glottis
The soft palate raises to close off the nasal cavity
Bolus passes over epiglottis into the pharynx
Pharynx constricts to push bolus into oesophagus

48
Q

What does the dilator muscle do when swallowing?

A

Helps the bolus enter the larynx

49
Q

What does the constrictor muscles do when swallowing?

A

Constrict the pharynx to push the bolus into the oesophagus

50
Q

What motor nerve innervates the pharynx?

A

Vagus Nerve (X)

51
Q

What sensory nerve innervates the pharynx?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX) - detects the bolus touching the pharynx and starts the reflex

52
Q

What is grass sickness?

A

Problem with swallowing such as if the oesophagus cant contract to push food down caused by bacteria

53
Q

How can you tell if the stomach tube is in the oesophagus?

A

It will have resistance when sucking on it

Can also feel tracheal rings when in the trachea

54
Q

What type of epithelium is lining the oesophagus?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

Thick and protective - keratinised

55
Q

Where is the oesophagus in relation to the trachea?

A

To the left

56
Q

Where is the oesophagus in relation to the aorta?

A

Ventral to the aorta

57
Q

Where is the oesophagus in relation to the caudal vena cava?

A

Dorsal to the caudal vena cava

Animal Health Science 1 (33 decks)

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