Nervous system -JM Flashcards

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1
Q

What are multipolar neurones?

A

The CNS and motor neurones

There have lots of dendrites

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2
Q

What are bi-polar neurones?

A

Relay neurones

They have an axon and a dendritic process

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3
Q

What are pseudo-unipolar neurones?

A

Sensory neurones
From CNS to periphery
Cell body out the side

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4
Q

What are neuroglia?

A

Cells that support the neurones

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5
Q

What is a ganglion?

A

A bundle of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS

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6
Q

What are plexi?

A

A big network of peripheral nerves

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7
Q

What are axons wrapped in?

A

Endoneurium

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8
Q

What is a bundle of axons called?

A

A fascicle

same as a bundle of muscle fibres

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9
Q

What is a fascicle wrapped in?

A

Perineurium

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10
Q

What are multiple fascicles wrapped in?

A

Epineurium

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11
Q

What are intumescences?

A

Enlargements of the spinal cord due to lots of cell bodies/plexi going to the limbs

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12
Q

What is the corda equina?

A

Tasselled end of the spinal cord where there is disproportionate growth

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13
Q

What is found at the dorsal horn of the grey matter in the spinal cord?

A

Sensory neurones

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14
Q

What is found in the ventral horn of the grey matter in the spinal cord?

A

Somatic motor neurones and their cell bodies

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15
Q

Where do somatic motor neurones go?

A

Skin and skeletal muscle

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16
Q

What is in the lateral horn in the grey matter in the spinal cord?

A

Cell bodies of the preganglionic neurones of the sympathetic nervous system

17
Q

What makes up the white matter?

A

Internal nerves forming bundles of myelinated axons

18
Q

Wht is in the dorsal root ganglia?

A

The cell bodies of the sensory neurones

19
Q

How many neurones does the somatic nervous system have? (conscious)

A

1

20
Q

How many neurones does the autonomic nervous system have?

A

2

21
Q

In which autonomic nervous system is the preganglionic neurone shorter?

A

Sympathetic

22
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

23
Q

How are the spinal nerves arranged?

A

C1-C7 are cranial to vertebrae

C8-Cd5 are caudal to vertebrae

24
Q

What are rami?

A

Branches off of the spinal cord

25
Q

What are the 2 rami?

A

Dorsal ramus ventral ramus

26
Q

What does the dorsal ramus do?

A

supplies dorsally located structures and epaxial muscles

27
Q

What does the ventral ramus do?

A

Supplies the other muscles and skin to the dorsal ramus

28
Q

What are dermatome?

A

Stripes of skin that are innervated by one pair of nerves

29
Q

What are meninges?

A

Membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

30
Q

What are the 3 layers o the meninge?

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

31
Q

Where is the epidural space?

A

The space between the bone periosteum and the dura mater

32
Q

What is inside the epidural space?

A

Fat and blood vessels

Only in the spinal cord

33
Q

Where is the subarachnoid space?

A

Between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater

34
Q

What is the subarachnoid space filled with?

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

35
Q

What is the subdural space?

A

Between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater

Shouldn’t be here

36
Q

What is the venous sinus in the brain?

A

The area for the CSF to flow back into

37
Q

Where I the CSF made?

A

In the choroid plexus

38
Q

What is the role of CSF?

A

Protect CNS, nourishes and maintains homeostasis

39
Q

Where can you sample CSF?

A

Cisternal tap - small animals

Lumbar puncture - large animals