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Animal Health Science 1 > CVS and lymphatic systems - Anatomy > Flashcards

CVS and lymphatic systems - Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the functions of the CVS?

A

Transport
Transmit force
Transport heat
Regulate blood pressure

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2
Q

What are the components of the CVS?

A

Heart
Blood
Vessels

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3
Q

What are the 3 layers that make up arteries and veins?

A

Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica adventitia

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4
Q

What is the tunica intima? What is it made of?

A

It is the first layer
Its made of endothelial cells on connective tissue
It is very smooth

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5
Q

What is the tunica media? What is it made of?

A

The middle layer
It is made of smooth muscle
It contains some elastic fibres
Nerves from sympathetic autonomic nervous system

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6
Q

What is the tunica adventitia? What is it made of?

A

It is the outer layer

It is made up of fibrous connective tissue

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7
Q

What do veins have that make them unique?

A

Valves
Much larger lumen
Tunica adventitia is most prominent

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8
Q

What is used to regulate capillary networks?

A

Precapillary sphincters

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9
Q

What is a portal system?

A

When blood flows through 2 different capillary beds before returning to the heart

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10
Q

What is anastomosis?

A

When there is more than one way for blood to flow, alternative route

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11
Q

Where are arterio-arterial anastomoses often found?

A

In joints where bending cuts off blood flow

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12
Q

What is the name of the fibrous serous sac that covers the heart?

A

Pericardium

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13
Q

What are the 3 layers of the pericardium?

A

Visceral pericardium - inner layer (epicardium)
Parietal pericardium - outer layer
Fibrous pericardium

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14
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall?

A

Endocardium - smooth inner surface
Myocardium - cardiac muscle that contracts
Epicardium - outer layer

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15
Q

What are the heart valves made from?

A

Folds of endocardium

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16
Q

Which is the bicuspid valve?

A

The left valve

17
Q

Which is the tricuspid valve?

A

The right valve

18
Q

What is heart contraction called?

A

Systole

19
Q

What is heart relaxation called?

A

Diastole

20
Q

What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system?

A

Drains tissue fluid
Absorbs and transports fat
Defence - immune system

21
Q

What is lymph?

A

Same as blood plasma

22
Q

What are the largest lymphatic vessels?

A

Thoracic duct

Right lymphatic duct

23
Q

How is lymph pushed through vessels?

A

Movement of surrounding tissues squeezing

24
Q

What are lymph nodes?

A

Biological filters

25
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs in the lymphoreticular system?

A

Bone marrow

Thymus

26
Q

What are the secondary lymphoid organs in the lymphoreticular system?

A

Spleen
Tonsils
Lymph nodes

27
Q

What is the middle of the lymph node called?

A

Medulla

28
Q

What forms the framework in the lymph node?

A

Trabeculae

29
Q

What are the sinuses in the lymph node?

A

A series of open spaces

30
Q

What are the areas that release lymphocytes called?

A

Germinal centres

31
Q

What is the lymph node surrounded by?

A

An outer connective tissue capsule

32
Q

What cells line the lymph node?

A

Phagocytic cells

Animal Health Science 1 (33 decks)

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