Circulation AHS1 Flashcards
What is the first branch off the aorta?
The brachiocephalic trunk
What are the branches of the brachiocephalic trunk?
The left and right carotid arteries and the right subclavian artery
What are the species differences for the subclavian arteries?
In the dog and pig only the right subclavian artery comes off the brachiocephalic trunk
In horses and ruminants both the left and the right subclavian arteries come off the brachiocephalic trunk
What is the second branch of the aorta?
The left subclavian artery (in dogs and pigs)
Which side do you best see the arteries?
The left
What is the first branch off the subclavian artery? (same on both sides)
The vertebral artery
What do the vertebral arteries do?
Travel in the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae to supply the brain
What is the third branch of the subclavian artery?
The internal thoracic artery
What does the internal thoracic artery do?
Travels on the dorsal surface of the sternum and branch off at each rib to join with the dorsal intercostal arteries to form an enastamoses
What is the second branch of the subclavian artery?
The costocervical trunk
What does the costocervical trunk do?
Gives off dorsal intercostal arteries to the first few ribs and supply the dorsal neck region
What are the fourth branches of the subclavian artery?
The superficial cervical arteries
What do the superficial cervical arteries do?
Supply the ventral neck region
Where does the subclavian artery turn into?
The axillary artery to supply the forelimb
Where do the carotid arteries go to?
They run up either side of the neck to the head
What do the carotid arteries divide into?
The internal and external carotid arteries
What does the internal carotid artery supply?
The brain
What does the external carotid artery supply?
The head and neck
What comes off the aorta to supply the oesophagus?
The bronchio-oesophageal artery
What come off the aorta to supply the ribs?
The dorsal intercostal arteries
What is the vein that comes from the dorsal part of the thorax?
The azygous vein
What are the veins that join the azygous vein?
The dorsal intercostal veins
What are the vein that drains blood form the head?
The jugular vein
The subclavian veins
What do the jugular vein and the subclavian vein merge to form?
The brachiocephalic trunk
What do the brachiocephalic trunks join to form?
The cranial vena cava
Where does the azygous vein join to?
The cranial vena cava closest to the heart
What vein runs along the sternum and joins the cranial vena cava?
The internal thoracic vein
What vein runs from the dorsal neck and first few ribs region?
The costocervical vein
What large vein comes from the abdomen?
The caudal vena cava
What is the first branch of the unpaired abdominal arteries? What does it supply?
Coeliac artery
The foregut
What is the second branch of the unpaired abdominal arteries? What does it supply?
The cranial mesenteric artery
The midgut
What is the third branch of the unpaired abdominal arteries? What does it supply?
The caudal mesenteric artery
The hindgut
Which are the first of the paired abdominal arteries? What do they supply?
The phrenicoabdominal arteries
They supply the diaphragm, the cranial abdominal wall and the adrenal glands
Which are the second of the paired abdominal arteries? What do they supply?
The renal arteries
The kidneys
Which are the third of the paired abdominal arteries? What do they supply?
Gonadal arteries
The testes/ovaries
Which are the fourth of the paired abdominal arteries? What do they supply?
Deep circumflex iliac arteries
The caudal abdominal wall
What are the large outer arteries at the aortic bifurcation?
The external iliac arteries
The hindlimb
What are the inner arteries at the aortic bifurcation?
The internal iliac arteries
The pelvic structures and genitalia
What is the small middle artery at the aortic bifurcation?
The median sacral artery
The tail
What is a bit dofferent about the veins coming from the gut?
They dont mirror the arteries due to the hepatic portal system
There is the hepatic portal vein instead
What is a collection of lymph nodes called?
A lymphocentre
What is the lymphocentre that they all drain into?
The mediastinal lymphocentres (cranial and caudal)
What are the main lymph ducts into the thorax?
The thoracic duct from the cisterna chyli
The right lymphatic duct - not visible
What are three other lymphocentres?
Dorsal thoracic, ventral thoracic and bronchial
Where do the lymph ducts drain into?
The cranial vena cava
What is the ligament that hold up the heart in dogs?
The phreno-pericardiac ligament
