Therapies for specific disorders Flashcards
Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI)
- ASD
-Uses shaping & discrimination training
*Effective for intellectual and language skills
-Less effective for social & adaptive functioning
Parent Training in Behavioral Management (PTBM)
-ADHD
-#1 intervention for children
Parent- Child Interactive Therapy (PCIT)
2-7y.o.
*Behavioral issues (conduct disorders)
*Also seen to be effective for anxiety, mood, PTSD and preventative tx for children experiencing childhood maltreatment.
-2 phases (child-directed & Parent-directed)
-Primary goal is to improve child’s emotional regulation
Behavioral treatment for adolescents with ADHD
-behavioral therapy
-mindfulness
-motivational interviewing
-classroom training
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Therapy (CBIT)
-Tourettes
-psychoeducation
-social support
-habit reversal
-competing responses
-relaxation training
Habit Reversal Training
-Stuttering / communication disorder
-Regulation of breathing
Family-Focused therapy
-Bipolar disorder (adolescents)
Interpersonal and social rhythmic therapy
-Bipolar
CBT + Parent training
-most effective treatment for separation anxiety disorder for children.
Exposure - response prevention
-specific phobias / Agoraphobia
-therapist directed in vivo is most effective.
-in vivo vs. virtual reality are the same in effectiveness.
Applied tension
-specific phobia - blood/needle subtype
Interoceptive exposure
-panic disorder
Exposure- response prevention & SSRI/Tricyclic is best treatment for?
-OCD - most effective treatment
- exposure /response prevention and antidepressant should first be used alone. If neither are working, combined them.
Cognitive processing therapy
Best treatment for PTSD
Intervention:
1. Challenging problematic cognitions related to the trauma
2. Writing and reading a detailed description of the trauma
Trauma-focused CBT + Parent- child therapy
-child/adolescent trauma
CBT - E
-Anorexia, Bulimia, Binge eating
Transdiagnostic/ Transtheoretical treatment
-Assumes that all eating disorders share same core psychopathology of body shame and weight.
*Binge-eating has best outcomes, then BN then AN
Family Based Treatment
-Anorexia Nervosa
Stage
1 -full parent control
2 -gradual return to control for adolescent
3 - establish age appropriate level of
independence
Best treatment for Bulimia Nervosa
-CBT combined with antidepressant
Best treatment for binge eating
-CBT-E (CBT alone is no more effective than CBT with antidepressants)
Treatment for insomnia
CBT:
stimulus control *
sleep restriction/ psychoeducation
relaxation training
Problem Solving- Skills Training
-Conduct disorder & ODD
-Develop empathy
-Understand consequences
-Prosocial resolutions
Parent Management Training -Oregon Model
2-18 y.o.
-Conduct disorder
-focus on coercive interactions
*Works through parent training to correct
relationship with child.
*replace coercive interactions with positive parenting
Functional Family Therapy
11-18y.o.
*Sx is within family
*regulate relational connections
-Conduct disorder & SUD -adolescents
-Focus on replacing problematic behavior
- Foster interdependence or dependence
Multidimensional Family Therapy (MFT)
11-21y.o.
-Conduct disorder & SUD
-ecological and developmental theory
-foster change in 4 domains
Multisystemic Therapy (MST)
Conduct disorders
- Based off of EcologicalTheory
- Family and community based intervention
- Symptoms are viewed through multiple risk factors
at multiple levels (individual, family, peer, school
and community)
*intervention is provided at each level.
Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC)
-Conduct disorder
-alternative to residential care
-behavioral management plan
-child lives with foster parents
-parents get training
Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA)
Treatment for SUD
-based on operant conditioning
-Healthy-drug free life becomes the reward
Community Reinforcement & Family Training (CRAFT)
-SUD
-Work with family member or loved one of user.
-#1 goal -have the loved one engage in “loving-
detachment”
-other goal is to train the client to help the user
get to treatment
Treatment for Cocaine use
Voucher -based reinforcement - useful for initial abstinence
-CBT useful for maintenance of abstinence.
Kazdin Parent Training
2-17y.o.
Conduct disorder
*Based off of operant conditioning
-replacement of antecedent and consequences
*Outcome is positive effects on parent, child and family symptoms.
Most effect treatment for Conduct related disorders
K-PMT (Kazdin Parent Training) and PSST (Problem Solving Skills Training)
Unified-Protocol for Transdiagnositic treatment of emotional disorders
*Emotional focused
-Cognitive-behavioral interventions for anxiety, depression and related disorders.
Emotion-Focused Therapy- Transdiagnositic
-Depression
-Anxiety
*Targets chronic painful emotions of loneliness, sadness, shame and fear.
Function-based interventions
based on the assumption that disruptive behaviors and other undesirable behaviors are performed to achieve certain goals.
Stages:
- Undesirable behavior are identified from the
results of a functional behavioral assessment. - Create conditions in which the child’s goals can be
met without engaging in the undesirable behavior.
Assertive Community Treatment
Schizophrenia
Interpersonal Therapy
- Depression (adolescents and adults)
- Bipolar disorder
Therapies recommended for MDD
- CBT
- Interpersonal therapy
*In addition with second generation antidepressants (SSRI or SNRI)
Recommended treatment for older adults with MDD
- Group CBT
- Interpersonal therapy with SSRI or SNRI
St. John’s wort
For mild to moderate depression
*Not effective for severe depression
-Taken with SSRI can cause serotonin syndrome
-Taken with Benzo or SNR it can lessen effects
Ketamine
For treatment resistant depression and SI
(increases glutamate)
*typically used in combination with SSRI
ECT
For severe depression
Usually only used for severe symptoms or when needing quick treatment.
Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder
- CBT
- Exposure and response prevention
- Combine therapy with SSRI, SNRI or Beta Blocker
Grated vs. Flooding exposure treatment outcomes for specific phobias
Grated exposure = most often used (most preferred by
clients)
Flooding = shown to have better long-term effects.
*Been shown that longer periods of exposure over a small amount of session has better outcomes then shorter periods of exposure for greater number of session.
Reminiscent Therapy
Treatment for Alzheimer’s and dementia
Typical drug therapy for PTSD
SSRI or SNRI for comorbid depression
Medication treatment for Anorexia Nervosa
Mixed reviews on the effectiveness of:
-Atypical antipsychotics = initial weight gain
-Second generation antidepressants = weight maintenance
CBT vs. Interpersonal Therapy for Bulimia Nervosa
CBT is preferred due to IPT taking longer to show decline in symptoms.
Medication treatment for Bulimia Nervosa
SSRI or Tricyclic which help to reduce binge-purge cycles
Medications used for Binge-eating disorders
SSRI
Anti-seizure medication
CNS stimulant
Moisture Alarm
Best treatment for nocturnal Enuresis
Behavioral vs. medication treatment for Enuresis
Behavioral treatment is preferred over Antidiuretic
*Medication has high risk for relapse if stopped.
Treatment for Tobacco Use
-Therapy that increases critical thinking
-Social support
-Nicotine replacement (spray most effective)
*Varenicline (medication)
Relapse Prevention Therapy
Believes: Substance use is a learned habit
*Relapse are due to high risk situations
*Poor coping skills = relapse
*Low self-efficacy = relapse
Negative emotions such as guilt can cause relapse.
Utilize CBT and coping strategies to deal with high risk situations.
Medications used for Delirium
Traditional Antipsychotics = reduces agitation and psychosis
Medication used for Premature Ejaculation
SSRI’s
DBT
Borderline personality disorder
A. group skills training that focuses on increasing the client’s emotion regulation, distress tolerance, relationship effectiveness, and mindfulness
B. individual psychotherapy that focuses on helping the client maintain motivation and apply DBT skills to events in his/her life
C. phone coaching that provides the client with support between therapy sessions.
