Clinical Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Freudian

A

Deterministic and pessimistic view
*unresolved unconscious conflict

ID- at birth
Ego - 6 months
Super ego - 5 y.o.

Defense mechanism = result of conflict between ID and Superego

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Freudian- 4 Steps to treatment

A

Confrontation (recognize maladaptive behavior)
Clarification (understand cause)
Interpretation (link conscious to unconscious)
Catharsis (repeated interpretation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Jungian Psychology

A

Behavior is effected by past and future
(Both positive and negative forces)

2 Unconscious (personal and collective)

Personal Unconscious = own experiences
Collective Unconscious = symbols passed down from generation to generation (Earth mother, etc.)

Archetypes (parts of self):
1.Persona
2. Shadow
3. Hero
4. Anima & Animus

*Goal = Individuation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adler’s individual Psychology

A

Social interest and social connectedness
*Teleological approach = future goals affect current behavior.

Mistaken style of life (feels inferior and seeks superiority)
vs.
Healthy style of life (does not seek out competition)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Object Relations

A

Desire for human relationships
Normal mental representations (introjection) of the self and objects.

Sx = failed object constancy
Goal = form health new introjection / reparenting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mahler’s 3 Stages of Object Constancy

A

Normal Autistic Stage (first weeks)
-unaware of environment

Normal Symbiotic Stage (1 to 5 months)
-aware of self and environment but not as separate.

Separation/ Individuation (5months - 3 years)
1.Differentiation
2. Practicing
3. Rapprochement
4. Object Constancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Roger’s- Person Centered Therapy

A

Self-actualization
Strive for full potential

Sx = Incongruence (rupture in self-actualization)

*Conditional worth = denial or distortion = maladaptive behaviors

Attuned Empathy *
Genuineness
Unconditional positive regard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Perl’s -Gestalt Therapy

A

Homeostasis
Seek to meet unmet needs to return to homeostasis

Sx = disruption in boundaries

Goal= gain awareness of thoughts, feelings and actions

Transference is used to understand difference between fantasy and reality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Gestalt - 5 boundaries

A

Introjection (take on others values)
Projection
Retroflection (do to self, what they want to do to others)
Confluence (blurred between self and others)
Deflection (avoid contact with the environment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Frankl- Existential Therapy

A

*Most Important part of therapy = Authentic client-therapist relationship

We define our existence

Sx = unresolved conflict with death, freedom, isolation and meaninglessness

Normal-existential anxiety
-normal experience
-no repression

Neurotic-anxiety
-disproportionate to threat
-repression
-limit full potential

Goal:
Learn to take action
Help make choices
Support in actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Glasser- Reality Therapy

A

*Choice theory - 5 basic needs
-Survival
-Love and Belonging *
-Power
-Freedom
-Fun

*Believes mental illness is a choice

Successful Identity
-meet needs appropriately
-does not negatively effect others

Failure Identity
-meets needs inappropriately
-harms others

Goal= Successful Identity
-assume responsibility
-adopt appropriate behaviors to meet needs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Positive Psychology

A

*Value subjective experiences
1. Wellbeing, contentment and satisfaction
2. Hope, optimism, flow and happiness

5 elements of well-being
P - positive emotions (love, joy)
E- engagement (state of flow)
R - relationships
M- meaning
A- accomplishment / achievement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Personal Construct Therapy

A

How we perceive events
Change perception of events to reduce maladaptive behaviors

Templates / Constructs for each situation
*bipolar dimension of meaning (unfair / fair)

*role play different personal constructs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Interpersonal Psychotherapy

A

*Medical Model (sx treatable medical condition)
*Brief treatment

Interpersonal roles disputes
Interpersonal role transition
Interpersonal deficits
Grief

3 stages
Initial Stage
(determine dx and interpersonal functioning)

Middle Stage
(address problem)

Final Stage
(termination/ relapse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Solution Focused Therapy

A

*Focus on symptoms
*Doesn’t care about cause of symptoms

Miracle question (first session)
Exception question
Scaling question

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Transtheoretical Model

A

Factors that affect the stages if change:

A. Decision Balance
(Do the pro’s outweigh the con’s? -
most important in contemplation stage)

B. Self efficacy
(confidence in self)

C. Temptation
(strongest in first 3 stages)

Stages of change:
1. Precontemplative (self-reevaluation)
2. Contemplative ( in next 6 months) (stimulus control)
3. Preparation (next 30 days)
4. Action (self-liberation)
5. Maintenance (counterconditioning)
6. Termination

Goal: Get the client to the next stage of change.

17
Q

Motivational Interviewing

A

4 Processes
-Engaging (rapport)
-Focusing (identify goal)
-Evoking (motivation)
-Planning (commit to change)

OARS
O-open ended questions
A- affirmation
R- reflective questioning
S-summarize

*When MI is used in conjunction with other treatment, it enhances treatment outcomes.

18
Q

Beck’s - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

A

Cognitive schemas
Automatic thoughts
Cognitive distortions

Arbitrary inference (conclusion w/ out evidence)
Selective abstraction (confirmation bias)
Dichotomous thinking (black and white thinking)
Personalization (internal locus of control/ disposition attribution)
Emotional Reasoning (emotion mind)

19
Q

Ellis- Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy

A

*Symptoms stem from irrational beliefs

A- activating event
B- belief about the events
C- consequence / behavior or emotion
D - disputing negative thought - therapist
E- effect of skills ABCD

Skills
-active disputation
-rational-emotive imagery
-systematic desensitization
-skills training

20
Q

Self-Instructional Training

A

Problem solving skills

Cognitive Modeling (therapist models)
Overt-External Guide (therapist verbalizes task)
Overt -Self Guided (child verbalizes task)
Faded Overt Guided (child whispers task)
Covert Self-instruction (child mentalizes task)

21
Q

Stress Inoculation Training

A

Ongoing and future stress

  1. Initial stage
    (psychoeducation)
  2. Skills stage
    (cognitive and behavioral)
  3. Application stage
    (use skills covertly or overtly)
22
Q

Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Suicide Prevention (BCBT)

A

3 phases
-emotional regulation
-cognitive flexibility
-relapse prevention

23
Q

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Suicide Prevention (CBT-SP)

A

2 phases
-Acute (identify trigger, safety plan, psychoeducation)
-Continuation (relapse prevention)

24
Q

Cost Benefit Analysis

A

compares the monetary cost of multiple treatments

25
Q

Cost effectiveness Analysis

A

compares other cost besides monetary cost of multiple treatments

26
Q

Cost Utility Analysis

A

compares multiple treatments based off of QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEARS