Prevention & Consultation Flashcards

1
Q

Caplan Model of Prevention

A

Primary
(reduce number of cases/ aimed at entire population)

Secondary
(reduce prevalence/ early detection/ specific population)

Territory
(reduce severity/ reduce duration / those with a diagnosis)

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2
Q

Gordon’s Model of Prevention

A

Universal
(aimed at entire population)

Selective
(people identified as being at risk)

Indicated
(people known to be at high risk or have early signs)

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3
Q

client-centered consultation

A

therapist seeking consultation on a client and how to proceed with treatment.

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4
Q

Consultee- centered consultation

A

therapist is seeking consultation regarding their characteristics/ abilities in treating a client or clients.

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5
Q

Program-centered Administrative consultation

A

organization seeks consultation to help with concerns related to their specific program.

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6
Q

Consultee- centered administrative consultation

A

Organization leader is seeking consultation to work on leadership skills or other factors related to training/ employment, etc.

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7
Q

Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC)

A

*integrative healthcare

  • partnership between care team and patient
    -occurs most in Primary Care

3 Functions:
-improvement of care
-improvement of health outcomes
-decrease health cost

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8
Q

IPC research with older adults

A

-improved access to care
-increased satisfaction
-fewer emergency visits
-fewer hospitalizations
-fewer long-term care

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9
Q

Efficacy research & effectiveness research

A

Efficacy
-maximize internal validity
-cause and effect of treatment

Effectiveness
-maximize external validity
-ability to generalize conclusions

  1. First conduct an efficacy study (determine the internal validity of the treatment in a controlled setting)
  2. Then conduct a effectiveness study of the treatment in the real-world.
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10
Q

Smith, Glass & Miller - outcome from meta analysis

A

-Average patient was better off than 80% of those not in treatment.

**Effect size = .85

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11
Q

Howard’s - Phase Model

A

1- Initial- remoralization (outcome is increased hope)
2- Remediation (decreases symptoms)
3- Rehabilitation (unlearning behaviors, new ways to deal with sx).

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12
Q

Big 5 & Therapy alliance

A

Conscientiousness and openness to new experiences = stronger relationships with the therapist and better prognosis.

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13
Q

Race - outpatient services -highest attendance

A
  1. Multiracial
  2. White
  3. NA
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14
Q

Race - outpatient services -lowest attendance

A

Asian

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15
Q

Race-inpatient services- highest attendance

A
  1. NA
  2. Black/ or multiracial
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16
Q

Race-inpatient services- lowest attendance

A

Asian

17
Q

Cost benefit analysis

A

compare cost of multiple treatments - monetary cost

18
Q

Cost effectiveness analysis

A

compare cost of multiple treatments - non-monetary cost

19
Q

Cost utility analysis

A

compare multiple tx based off of quality-adjusted-life-years

20
Q

WEIRD

A

W- western
E- educated
I- industrial
R- rich
D- democratic

*overly used populations in research
*limited generalizability

21
Q

Routine Outcome Monitoring (ROM)

A

-Feedback informed treatment/ measured based care

*transtheoretical/ transdiagnositic

4 components
-assessment (typically before every session)
-review of assessment
-patient review data
-collaborative reevaluation of tx plan

*increases rates of significant improvement
*decreases rates of premature termination
*most effective for those at risk for tx failure

22
Q

Benefits of Transdiagnostic Treatments

A

-Reduces the time and cost for training
-Equal or superior to other tx
-Seen as more beneficial for treating comorbidity

*As effective as other therapy for treating anxiety and superior for treating depression.

23
Q

Stepped Care

A

2 fundamental features
-treatment should be the least restrictive of those available but likely to provide care.

-increase efficiency and the accessibility of effective treatment.

Model for Depression

  1. Assessment & monitoring
  2. Intervention requiring minimal practitioner involvement (bibliotherapy, computer treatment)
  3. Intervention requiring more practitioner involvement
    (individual therapy, group therapy and medication)
  4. Most restrictive and intensive form of care.
    (inpatient care)
24
Q

Digital Mental Health Interventions

A

Can have similar outcomes to face-to-face psychotherapy.

Inconsistency in research on effects may be due to multiple factors such as guidance on how to use the device.

25
Q

The Health Belief Model

A

identifies the following factors as contributors to the likelihood that a person will engage in behaviors that reduce the risk for developing a disorder:

  1. perceived SUSCEPTIBILITY to the disorder
  2. perceived severity of the CONSEQUENCES of having the disorder.
  3. perceived BENEFIT of taking ACTION
  4. perceived BARRIERS to taking action
  5. SELF-EFFICACY , and CUES TO ACTION
26
Q

Based on a review of psychotherapy outcome studies, Hans Eysenck (1952) concluded that

A

72% of patients with neuroses can be expected to experience spontaneous recovery without treatment.

27
Q

Gender and seeking therapy

A

Women are more likely to seek therapy and medication management.

28
Q

Age and seeking therapy

A

People 18 to 24 y.o. are the most likely to be in therapy and taking medications.

29
Q

Psychological intervention and medical cost

A

Psychotherapy reduces medical utilization and creates a 90% medical cost offset.

30
Q

Alpha bias in research

A

exaggerated differences between men and women

31
Q

Beta bias in research

A

ignoring small differences between men and women