Brain structures Flashcards

1
Q

Damage to the hypothalamus

A

Aggression, crying or laughing

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2
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

Caudate Nucleus
Putamen
Nucleus Accumbens
Global Pallidus

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3
Q

Striatum

A

Caudate nucleus
Putamen
Nucleus accumbens

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4
Q

Function of the Basal ganglia

A

-voluntary movement
-habit learning /procedure learning
-attention
-decision making
-emotions

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5
Q

Damage to the basal ganglia

A

Mood disorders
Schizophrenia
ADHD
OCD
Tourettes
Huntington’s
Parkinsons

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6
Q

Limbic System

A

Amygdala
Hippocampus
Cingulate Cortex

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7
Q

Function of the Limbic System

A

Emotions
Facial recognition
Evaluation of emotions
Attachment of emotions to memory

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8
Q

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome

A

Bilateral lesion to the amygdala, hippocampus and temporal lobe.

-hypherphagia
-hyperarousal
-reduced fear
-hypersexuality
-visual agnosia

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9
Q

Function of the Cingulate cortex

A

Motivation
Memory
Emotion (reaction to pain)

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10
Q

Damage to Cingulate cortex

A

Experience pain without distress
MDD
Bipolar

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11
Q

Cortisol and the hippocampus

A

High levels lead to impairment in retrieval of declarative memories.

Smaller hippocampus

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12
Q

Abnormalities in the hippocampus

A

MDD
Bipolar
Schizophrenia
PTSD (greater trauma - smaller hippocampus)

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13
Q

Gerstman’s Syndrome

A

Damage to the left -dominant parietal lobe
-finger agnosia
-right-left distortions
-agraphia-acalculia

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14
Q

Basal ganglia & cerebellum & memory

A

Essential for procedural memory / implicit memories

Damage:
trouble learning new skills
trouble performing previously learned skills

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15
Q

Amygdala & memory

A

Attaches emotions to memories

Damage:
same recall for emotional and nonemotional memories

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16
Q

PfC & memory

A

Essential for working memory aspects of STM
Prospective memory

Damage:
Affects event based prospective memory
More than time based prospective memory

17
Q

Thalamus & memory

A

Damage :
-anterograde amnesia
-retrograde amnesia