I.O. - Career Choice

Question 1

Super’s - Life-Space, Life-Span Career Theory

Answer 1

*5 stages of career development
1.Growth (0 to 14)
2. Exploration (15 to 24)
3. Establishment (25 to 44)
4. Maintenance (45 to 64)
5. Disengagement (65+)

*Life-space (different identities assumed over the lifetime )

*Self-concept (how people views themselves and situations across the lifespan).

Question 2

Holland’s - Theory of Career Change

Answer 2

*6 personality & work environments
1.Realistic
2.Investigative
3. Artistic
4. Social
5. Entreprise
6. Conventional

*Investigative is most similar to realistic and artistic (ones closest to each other are similar). RIASEC

*High congruence between personality & job characteristics = job satisfaction

*BEST PREDICTOR of job outcome = differentiation

Differentiation
-high score on one personality trait and low scores on all the others.

“Vocational Identity”
-clear and stable picture of ones goals, interest, and talents.
-well formed identity feel more confident about career decisions.

Question 3

Dawis- Theory of Work Adjustment

Answer 3

-Job outcome = determined by personal characteristics and work environment.

1. Satisfaction
   -employees satisfaction with the job
   -matching of employees needs & reinforcers of job
2. Satisfactoriness
   -employers satisfaction with employee
   -matching employee skills with skill requirement

Question 4

Tiedman’s - Career Decision-Making Model

Answer 4

*Modeled after Erikson’s Psychosocial theory

2 phases

1. Anticipation
   -personal becomes familiar and explores various jobs
   -prepares to implement their choice
2. Implementation
   -start chosen job
   -becomes proficient at job
   -balance between personal and organizational needs

*stages may occur out of order or be repeated

Question 5

Krumbultz- Social Learning Theory of Career Decision-Making

Answer 5

*behaviorism & social learning
*Bandura, Ellis & Beck

4 Factors
1. Genetic endowment and special abilities
2. Environmental conditions
3. Instrumental and associative learning
4. Task approach skills

2 types (guided by interaction of 4 factors)
1. Self-observations (generalization)
-view of attitudes, values and skills
2. World-view (generalization)
-belief about the world

Question 6

Driver - Career Concept Model

Answer 6

4 career concepts

1. Linear Career Concept
   -strive for power and achievement
   -career is a upward trajectory
   -infrequent career change
2. Expert Career Concept
   -strive for job security and expertise
   -career is life long commitment
   -mastering skills is most important
3. Spiral Career Concept
   -strive for personal growth
   -moves across similar jobs
   -switches every 5 to 10 years
4. Transitory Career Concept
   -strive for variety and independence
   -career is lateral movements across different jobs.
   -switches every 2 to 4 years.