The Skeletal System (Appendicular) Pt. 2 Flashcards
What is another name for the thigh bone?
Femur
What are characteristics of the femur (thigh bone)? (2)
- Only bone in the thigh
- Strongest bone in the human body
What does the proximal end of the femur have? What does it articulate with? (2)
- A ball-like head
- That articulates with the socket of the hip bone
What is after the head of the femur?
The neck of the femur
What is the neck of the femur a common area for and for who?
A common fracture location for the elderly
What is a title/name for the head of the femur?
Greater trochanter
How does the femur slant? How does the femur run and what does it join with? (3)
- The femur slants medially
- Runs downward
- To join with the leg bones
What does the location of the femur do to the knees regarding the body?
Brings the knees in line with the body’s center of gravity
What are on the femur distally? (2)
Distally on the femur are the:
- Lateral and medial condyles
What do the lateral and medial condyles articulate with and of what? (2)
- These two structures articulate with the tibia
- Of the lower leg
What is anteriorly on the distal femur? What does it form the joint with? (2)
- Anteriorly on the distal femur is the patellar surface
- Forms the joint with the patella or kneecap
What are the two bones that form the skeleton of the leg? (2)
- Tibia
- Fibula
What are the tibia and the fibula?
The two bones that form the skeleton of the leg
What holds the tibia and the fibula together?
Interosseous membrane
What does the interosseaous membrane hold together? (2)
- Tibia and fibula
- Radius and ulna
What is the tibia also known as?
Shinbone
What characterizes the tibia (shinbone)? (2)
- Larger of the two
- Is more medial
What are at the proximal end of the leg bones?
Medial and lateral condyles
What do the leg bones articulate with and what do they form? (2)
- Articulate with the distal end of the femur
- To form the knee joint
What forms the inner bulge of the ankle and where?
Distally, a process called the medial malleolus form the inner bulge of the ankle
What does the fibula lie alongside? Where does it form joints? (2)
- Lie alongside the tibia
- Forms joints with both proximally and distally
What physically characterizes the fibula?
Thin and stick like
What does the fibula have no part in forming?
The fibula has no part in forming the knee joint
What is the lateral malleous? What does it form? (2)
- Distal end of the fibula
- Forms the outer part of the ankle
What does the tarsus form?
Forms the posterior half of the foot
What is the tarsus composed of and how many?
Composed of seven tarsal bones
What does talus mean?
Ankle bone
How many parts of the metatarsals are there?
Five parts
What do the metatarsals form? What do phalanges form and how many? What are they all considered to be part of? (3)
- Form the sole
- Fourteen phalanges form the foot
- This is all considered to be part of the leg
What do weak arches cause/what are they called? (2)
- Flat feet
- Fallen arches
How many phalanges does each toe have that is similar to the fingers of the hand? What is the exception? (2)
- Each toe has three phalanges
- The big toe
How many phalanges does the big toe have?
Two phalanges
What is the outside bulge formed by?
The fibula
What is the calcaneus?
Heel bone
