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Honors Anatomy > Semester 1 Final (Pt. 1) > Flashcards

Semester 1 Final (Pt. 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Medial and Lateral (2)

A
  • Towards midline of body
  • Towards sides, away from midline
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2
Q

Anterior and Posterior (2)

A
  • Towards front
  • Towards the back
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3
Q

Proximal and Distal (2)

A
  • Closer to attachment point
  • Further from attachment point
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4
Q

Inferior and Superior (2)

A
  • Away from head/towards foot
  • Towards the head
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5
Q

Superficial and Deep (2)

A
  • Towards surface/outside
  • Further from outside
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6
Q
  • Sternum is medial to shoulders
  • Ears are lateral to nose
A

Example of medial and Example of lateral

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7
Q
  • Mandible is anterior to occipital bone
  • Back is posterior to belly
A

Example of anterior and Example of posterior

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8
Q
  • Humerus is proximal to ulna
  • Fingers are distal to the shoulder
A

Example of proximal and Example of distal

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9
Q
  • Stomach is inferior to mouth
  • Head is superior to feet
A

Example of inferior and Example of superior

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10
Q
  • Skin is superficial to muscles
  • Heart is deep to ribs
A

Example of superficial and Example of deep

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11
Q

Difference between anatomy and physiology (2)

A
  • Anatomy - name and location
  • Physiology - Function of structures
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12
Q

What is homeostasis

A

State of wellbeing

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13
Q

Examples of homeostasis (need 3)

A
  • Blood pressure
  • Body temperature
  • Blood pH
  • Sugar levels
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14
Q

Locations: Brachial. Carpal, Axillary (3)

A
  • Brachial: Upper arm
  • Carpal: Wrist
  • Axillary: Armpit
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15
Q

Locations: Antecubical, Sacral, Gluteal (3)

A
  • Antecubical: Front of elbow
  • Sacral: Tailbone area
  • Gluteal: Buttock
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16
Q

What do the following tissues look like: cuboidal, columnar, and squamous (3)

A
  • Cuboidal: Dice
  • Columnar: Columns
  • Squamous: FIsh scales
17
Q

Four types of tissues (4)

A
  • Epithelial
  • Nervous
  • Connective
  • Muscle
18
Q

Four functions of epithelial tissue (4) (FASP)

A
  • Filtration
  • Absorption
  • Secretion
  • Protection
19
Q

Difference between simple and stratified tissue layers (2)

A
  • Simple: One cell layer
  • Stratified: More than once cell layer
20
Q

Difference between tendons and ligaments (2)

A
  • Tendons: Muscle to bone
  • Ligaments: Bone to bone
21
Q

Difference between adipose and nervous tissue (2)

A
  • Adipose: Fat
  • Nervous: Made of neurons
22
Q

Five epidermis layers (outside to inside) (5)

A
  • Stratum corneum
  • Stratum lucidum
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum spinosum
  • Stratum basale
23
Q

Five epidermis layers (inside to outside) (5)

A
  • Stratum basale
  • Stratum spinosum
  • Stratum granulosum
  • Stratum lucidum
  • Stratum corneum
24
Q

Difference between apocrine and eccrine glands (2)

A
  • Apocrine: sweat glands in armpits and groin
  • Eccrine: sweat glands all over body
25
Q

Difference between root and shaft of the hair (2)

A
  • Root: enclosed in follicle
  • Shaft: projects out of skin
26
Q

List and describe parts of the nail (4)

A
  • Free edge: tip of nail
  • Body: main part
  • Root: under the skin
  • Matrix: responsible for growth
27
Q

What is an event that takes place at the epiphyseal plate?

A

Bone growth

28
Q

Location of costal cartilage vs. respiratory cartilage (2)

A
  • Costal: In ribs
  • Respiratory: In larynx
29
Q

Where is bone marrow found?

A

Spongy bone (center of most bone)

30
Q

List the four categories of bones (4)

A
  • Flat
  • Long
  • Short
  • Irregular
31
Q
  • Flat: Sternum/skull
  • Long: Humerus
  • Short: Wrist/ankle
  • Irregular: Vertebrae
A

Examples of the four categories of bones

32
Q

Difference between osteoblasts and osteoclasts (2)

A
  • Osteoblasts: Build up bone cells
  • Osteoclasts: Clean up old bone cells
33
Q

What two minerals make up the bulk of your bones (2)

A
  • Calcium
  • Phosphorus
34
Q

Three characteristics of osteoporosis What is most vulnerable? What is affected? What happens to the bones? (3)

A
  • Spongy bone is most vulnerable
  • Entire skeleton is affected
  • Bones become lighter and more porous
35
Q

Difference between bursae and a tendon sheath (2)

A
  • Bursae: At the end of joints, protects and cushions the joint
  • Tendon sheath: Cover the tendon, decrease friction

Honors Anatomy (30 decks)

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