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Honors Anatomy > Semester 2 Final (Pt. 1) > Flashcards

Semester 2 Final (Pt. 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Which blood type can each of the following receive:
1. A
2. B
3. AB
4. O

A
  1. A, O
  2. B, O
  3. All
  4. O
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2
Q

Breaks up and floats in bloodstream: embolism or thrombus

A

Embolism

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3
Q

Doesn’t break up, remains a clot in bloodstream: embolism or thrombus

A

Thrombus

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4
Q

3 Characteristics of Leukemia (3)

A
  1. Get sick easily
  2. Cancerous bone marrow
  3. Many immature white blood cells are made rapidly
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5
Q

What happens during diapedesis

A

White blood cells leak out or leap across capillary

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6
Q

Which blood cell has a nucleus - white or red?

A

White blood cells have a nucleus

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7
Q

Color of blood in vein vs. artery (2)

A

Vein - dull red
Artery - bright red

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8
Q

What does blood taste like?

A

Metallic

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9
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

Clots blood

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10
Q

What is:
- 90% water
- Nonliving fluid matrix that cells are in
- In a centrifuge, it goes to the top part of the test tube

A

Plasma

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11
Q

What is the pH of blood?

A

Between 7.35 and 7.45

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12
Q

What are 2 other characteristics of blood? (What does it contain, and what kind of tissue is it?) (2)

A
  • Contains solids
  • Fluid connective tissue
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13
Q

What does the spleen filter? What does it form? What does it store? (3)

A
  • Filters blood
  • Stores platelets
  • Forms lymphocytes
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14
Q

What does the thymus build up?

A

Builds immune system

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15
Q

Why is zinc risky to take when not feeling well?

A

Bacteria feeds on zinc, making sickness worse

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16
Q

What response happens when histamines cause blood vessels to leak white blood cells?

A

Inflammatory response

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17
Q

What are delayed hypersensitivities?

A

Reaction happens hours or days after exposure

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18
Q

What three things can cause delayed hypersensitivities? (3)

A
  1. Poison ivy
  2. Deodorant
  3. Cosmetics
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19
Q

How do antihistamines work? What do they prevent the release of?

A

Prevent allergic response by not releasing histamine

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20
Q

What are these examples of:
- Graves
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A

Autoimmune diseases

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21
Q

What do B-Cells do?

A

Produce antibodies

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22
Q

What do T-Cells do?

A

Recognize foreign antibodies

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23
Q

What do lymphatic vessels do? What do they slurp up?

A
  • Slurp of gases, nutrients, and waste
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24
Q

Where does the apex of the heart point towards? Where is it relative to the lungs? (2)

A
  • Points towards left hip
  • Relative to the top of lungs
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25
Where does the base of the heart point towards? Where is it relative to the lungs? (2)
- Points towards the right shoulder - Relative to the bottom of the lungs
26
What is the sac that encloses the heart?
Pericardium
27
What is the heart muscle tissue called?
Myocardium
28
What separates the left and right halves of the heart?
The septum
29
Where does the vein carry blood from and where to? (2)
- Carries blood from lungs - To heart
30
Where does the artery carry blood from and where to? (2)
- Carries blood from heart - To lungs
31
Where does pulmonary circulation move blood between?
Moves blood between heart and lungs
32
Where does systemic circulation move blood between?
Moves blood between heart and the body
33
Where is blood pumped to, from the right ventricle? What kind of walls does it have? (2)
- Pumped to the lungs - Thinner walls
34
Where is blood pumped to, from the left ventricle? What kind of walls does it have? (2)
- Pumped to the body - Thicker walls
35
What are the white cords that anchor the valves?
Chordae tendineae
36
What is the signal that goes up the sides of the heart?
Purkinje fibers
37
What maps electrical activity of the heart
ECG or EKG
38
Pressure when ventricles relax: diastolic or systolic
Diastolic
39
Pressure when ventricles contract: diastolic or systolic
Systolic
40
Two systems that work together to bring oxygen into, and carbon dioxide out of the body (2)
- Respiratory - Cardiovascular
41
- Three subdivisions - Part of the throat - For food and air
Pharynxes
42
Order of pharynxes
- Nasal - Oral - Laryngeal
43
Diaphragm goes up when
Exhale
44
Supports, insulates, and protects neurons
Neuroglia
45
Includes brain and spinal cord: CNS or PNS
CNS
46
Branching nerves: CNS or PNS
PNS
47
Lower back to the big toe is which nerve?
Sciatic nerve
48
Esophagus goes from what to what? (2)
- Phraynx to - Stomach
49
Esophagus uses what to swallow?
Parystalsis
50
Liver makes what and breaks down what? (2)
- Makes bile - Breaks down lipids
51
Gallbladder stores what and secretes into what? (2)
- Stores bile - Secretes into duodenum
52
The small intestine is what kind of organ?
Major digestive organ
53
Appendix hangs from
Large intestine
54
What is the heavy cream that leaves stomach?
Chyme
55
Continuous coiled hollow muscular tube (canal)
Alimentary canal
56
What system regulates: water, electrolytes, acid-base balance?
Urinary system
57
What do kidneys filter and make? (2)
- Filter blood - Make urine
58
What do ureters transport urine from what to what? (2)
- From kidney - To bladder
59
What does bladder store?
Stores urine
60
What does the urethra do?
Brings/empties urine from bladder
61
Hilus is between which spine bones?
T5 and T7
62
What is the hilus?
Dent on medial side
63
Adrenal glands are on top of?
Each kidney
64
Because of the byproduct of hemoglobin (urachrome), what happens to urine?
Urine is yellow
65
Blood is
basic
66
Urine is
acidic
67
Sperm is made in these tubules
Seminiferous tubules

Honors Anatomy (30 decks)

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