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Honors Anatomy > Semester 2 Final (Pt. 1) > Flashcards

Semester 2 Final (Pt. 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Which blood type can each of the following receive:
1. A
2. B
3. AB
4. O

A
  1. A, O
  2. B, O
  3. All
  4. O
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2
Q

Breaks up and floats in bloodstream: embolism or thrombus

A

Embolism

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3
Q

Doesn’t break up, remains a clot in bloodstream: embolism or thrombus

A

Thrombus

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4
Q

3 Characteristics of Leukemia (3)

A
  1. Get sick easily
  2. Cancerous bone marrow
  3. Many immature white blood cells are made rapidly
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5
Q

What happens during diapedesis

A

White blood cells leak out or leap across capillary

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6
Q

Which blood cell has a nucleus - white or red?

A

White blood cells have a nucleus

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7
Q

Color of blood in vein vs. artery (2)

A

Vein - dull red
Artery - bright red

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8
Q

What does blood taste like?

A

Metallic

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9
Q

What is the function of platelets?

A

Clots blood

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10
Q

What is:
- 90% water
- Nonliving fluid matrix that cells are in
- In a centrifuge, it goes to the top part of the test tube

A

Plasma

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11
Q

What is the pH of blood?

A

Between 7.35 and 7.45

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12
Q

What are 2 other characteristics of blood? (What does it contain, and what kind of tissue is it?) (2)

A
  • Contains solids
  • Fluid connective tissue
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13
Q

What does the spleen filter? What does it form? What does it store? (3)

A
  • Filters blood
  • Stores platelets
  • Forms lymphocytes
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14
Q

What does the thymus build up?

A

Builds immune system

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15
Q

Why is zinc risky to take when not feeling well?

A

Bacteria feeds on zinc, making sickness worse

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16
Q

What response happens when histamines cause blood vessels to leak white blood cells?

A

Inflammatory response

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17
Q

What are delayed hypersensitivities?

A

Reaction happens hours or days after exposure

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18
Q

What three things can cause delayed hypersensitivities? (3)

A
  1. Poison ivy
  2. Deodorant
  3. Cosmetics
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19
Q

How do antihistamines work? What do they prevent the release of?

A

Prevent allergic response by not releasing histamine

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20
Q

What are these examples of:
- Graves
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A

Autoimmune diseases

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21
Q

What do B-Cells do?

A

Produce antibodies

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22
Q

What do T-Cells do?

A

Recognize foreign antibodies

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23
Q

What do lymphatic vessels do? What do they slurp up?

A
  • Slurp of gases, nutrients, and waste
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24
Q

Where does the apex of the heart point towards? Where is it relative to the lungs? (2)

A
  • Points towards left hip
  • Relative to the top of lungs
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25
Q

Where does the base of the heart point towards? Where is it relative to the lungs? (2)

A
  • Points towards the right shoulder
  • Relative to the bottom of the lungs
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26
Q

What is the sac that encloses the heart?

A

Pericardium

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27
Q

What is the heart muscle tissue called?

A

Myocardium

28
Q

What separates the left and right halves of the heart?

A

The septum

29
Q

Where does the vein carry blood from and where to? (2)

A
  • Carries blood from lungs
  • To heart
30
Q

Where does the artery carry blood from and where to? (2)

A
  • Carries blood from heart
  • To lungs
31
Q

Where does pulmonary circulation move blood between?

A

Moves blood between heart and lungs

32
Q

Where does systemic circulation move blood between?

A

Moves blood between heart and the body

33
Q

Where is blood pumped to, from the right ventricle? What kind of walls does it have? (2)

A
  • Pumped to the lungs
  • Thinner walls
34
Q

Where is blood pumped to, from the left ventricle? What kind of walls does it have? (2)

A
  • Pumped to the body
  • Thicker walls
35
Q

What are the white cords that anchor the valves?

A

Chordae tendineae

36
Q

What is the signal that goes up the sides of the heart?

A

Purkinje fibers

37
Q

What maps electrical activity of the heart

A

ECG or EKG

38
Q

Pressure when ventricles relax: diastolic or systolic

39
Q

Pressure when ventricles contract: diastolic or systolic

40
Q

Two systems that work together to bring oxygen into, and carbon dioxide out of the body (2)

A
  • Respiratory
  • Cardiovascular
41
Q
  • Three subdivisions
  • Part of the throat
  • For food and air
42
Q

Order of pharynxes

A
  • Nasal
  • Oral
  • Laryngeal
43
Q

Diaphragm goes up when

44
Q

Supports, insulates, and protects neurons

45
Q

Includes brain and spinal cord: CNS or PNS

46
Q

Branching nerves: CNS or PNS

47
Q

Lower back to the big toe is which nerve?

A

Sciatic nerve

48
Q

Esophagus goes from what to what? (2)

A
  • Phraynx to
  • Stomach
49
Q

Esophagus uses what to swallow?

A

Parystalsis

50
Q

Liver makes what and breaks down what? (2)

A
  • Makes bile
  • Breaks down lipids
51
Q

Gallbladder stores what and secretes into what? (2)

A
  • Stores bile
  • Secretes into duodenum
52
Q

The small intestine is what kind of organ?

A

Major digestive organ

53
Q

Appendix hangs from

A

Large intestine

54
Q

What is the heavy cream that leaves stomach?

55
Q

Continuous coiled hollow muscular tube (canal)

A

Alimentary canal

56
Q

What system regulates: water, electrolytes, acid-base balance?

A

Urinary system

57
Q

What do kidneys filter and make? (2)

A
  • Filter blood
  • Make urine
58
Q

What do ureters transport urine from what to what? (2)

A
  • From kidney
  • To bladder
59
Q

What does bladder store?

A

Stores urine

60
Q

What does the urethra do?

A

Brings/empties urine from bladder

61
Q

Hilus is between which spine bones?

62
Q

What is the hilus?

A

Dent on medial side

63
Q

Adrenal glands are on top of?

A

Each kidney

64
Q

Because of the byproduct of hemoglobin (urachrome), what happens to urine?

A

Urine is yellow

65
Q

Blood is

66
Q

Urine is

67
Q

Sperm is made in these tubules

A

Seminiferous tubules

Honors Anatomy (30 decks)

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