Body Cells and Tissue Flashcards
What are tissues?
A group of cells that are similar in structure and function. For example, muscle tissue
Tissue is organized into: (3)
Heart, lungs, kidneys
Epithelial
Laid on or covering
Epithelium forms _ (1)
Boundaries
- Separates us from the outside world
Examples of Epithelial Cells: Simple squamous epithelium
Found where filtration of substances by RAPID DIFFUSION happens
Examples of Epithelial Cells: Stratified squamous epithelium cells (2)
- Most common STRATIFIED epithelium of the body
- Found at sites that receive a good deal of abuse or friction
- Esophagus
- Mouth
- Outer portion of the skin
Functions of Connective Tissue (2)
- CONNECTS body parts
- Found everywhere in the body, most abundant in body
- Protects, SUPPORTS, and binds together other body tissues
- Well vascularized (good blood supply)
- Subcutaneous tissue (beneath the skin)
Bone (2)
- Called osseous tissue
- Layers of a hard matrix that contains calcium salts in addition to collagen fibers
Cartilage (2)
- Less hard and more FLEXIBLE than bone
- Found in only a few places in the body
Dense Connective Tissue (3)
- Has collagen fibers
- Forms strong, ropelike structures (tendons and ligaments)
- Makes up lower layers of the skin (dermis) where it is arranged
in sheets
Tendons
Attach skeletal muscle to bones
Ligaments
Connect bone to bone at joints
Loose Connective Tissue - Areolar Tissue
Body cells get their nutrients and release their wastes into the tissue fluid
When the body region is inflamed, the alveolar tissue____
in the area soaks up the excess fluid and the area swells and becomes puffy
- Condition is known as EDEMA
Loose Connective Tissue - Adipose Tissue
- Commonly known as fat
- Forms the subcutaneous tissues below the skin
- Insulates the body and protects against extreme heat and cold
Loose Connective Tissue - Blood (vascular tissue)
- Blood is a transport system for the cardiovascular system
Blood carries __ (4)
- Nutrients
- Waste
- Respiratory gases
- Many other substances throughout body
Lacunae
Cavities where the bones sit-in
Loose connective tissue
Alveolar Tissue
Nearly all substances given off or received by the body must pass through
Epithelial
Examples of where Stratified squamous epithelium cells are (3)
- Esophagus
- Mouth
- Outer portion of the skin
Nervous Tissue Characteristics
- Made up of cells called neurons
- Neurons can receive and conduct electrochemical impulses from one part of the body to another
Neurons can receive and conduct ____ impulses from one part of the body to another
Electrochemical
Muscle Tissue Characteristics
- Specialized to contract and shorten to produce movement
- Muscle cells are called muscle fibers because they are elongated to provide a long axis for contraction
Muscle cells are called ____ because they are elongated to provide a long axis for contraction
Muscle fibers
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
- Attached to the skeleton of the body
- Forms the flesh of the body
Are skeletal muscles voluntarily or involuntarily controlled?
Voluntarily
What happens when skeletal muscles contract?
They pull on the bone or skin of the body and cause body movement or changes in facial expression
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
- Found only in the heart
What happens when cardiac tissue contracts?
The heart acts as a pump and propels blood through the blood vessels
Is cardiac muscle under voluntary or involuntary control?
Involuntary - we have no control over its activity
Smooth Muscle Tissue (visceral)
- Found in the walls of hollow organs
- Slowly contracts - more slowly than any other muscle type
Where is smooth muscle tissue found? (4)
- Stomach
- Bladder
- Uterus
- Blood vessels
What happens when smooth muscle contracts?
The cavity of the organ either becomes smaller (constricts) or enlarges (dilates) so that substances are propelled through the organ along a specific pathway
