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Honors Anatomy > Body Cells and Tissue > Flashcards

Body Cells and Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What are tissues?

A

A group of cells that are similar in structure and function. For example, muscle tissue

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2
Q

Tissue is organized into: (3)

A

Heart, lungs, kidneys

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3
Q

Epithelial

A

Laid on or covering

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4
Q

Epithelium forms _ (1)

A

Boundaries

- Separates us from the outside world

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5
Q

Examples of Epithelial Cells: Simple squamous epithelium

A

Found where filtration of substances by RAPID DIFFUSION happens

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6
Q

Examples of Epithelial Cells: Stratified squamous epithelium cells (2)

A
  • Most common STRATIFIED epithelium of the body
  • Found at sites that receive a good deal of abuse or friction
  • Esophagus
    • Mouth
    • Outer portion of the skin
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7
Q

Functions of Connective Tissue (2)

A
  • CONNECTS body parts
  • Found everywhere in the body, most abundant in body
  • Protects, SUPPORTS, and binds together other body tissues
  • Well vascularized (good blood supply)
  • Subcutaneous tissue (beneath the skin)
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8
Q

Bone (2)

A
  • Called osseous tissue

- Layers of a hard matrix that contains calcium salts in addition to collagen fibers

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9
Q

Cartilage (2)

A
  • Less hard and more FLEXIBLE than bone

- Found in only a few places in the body

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10
Q

Dense Connective Tissue (3)

A
  • Has collagen fibers
  • Forms strong, ropelike structures (tendons and ligaments)
  • Makes up lower layers of the skin (dermis) where it is arranged
    in sheets
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11
Q

Tendons

A

Attach skeletal muscle to bones

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12
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bone to bone at joints

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13
Q

Loose Connective Tissue - Areolar Tissue

A

Body cells get their nutrients and release their wastes into the tissue fluid

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14
Q

When the body region is inflamed, the alveolar tissue____

A

in the area soaks up the excess fluid and the area swells and becomes puffy
- Condition is known as EDEMA

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15
Q

Loose Connective Tissue - Adipose Tissue

A
  • Commonly known as fat
  • Forms the subcutaneous tissues below the skin
  • Insulates the body and protects against extreme heat and cold
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16
Q

Loose Connective Tissue - Blood (vascular tissue)

A
  • Blood is a transport system for the cardiovascular system
17
Q

Blood carries __ (4)

A
  • Nutrients
  • Waste
  • Respiratory gases
  • Many other substances throughout body
18
Q

Lacunae

A

Cavities where the bones sit-in

19
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Alveolar Tissue

20
Q

Nearly all substances given off or received by the body must pass through

A

Epithelial

21
Q

Examples of where Stratified squamous epithelium cells are (3)

A
  • Esophagus
    • Mouth
    • Outer portion of the skin
22
Q

Nervous Tissue Characteristics

A
  • Made up of cells called neurons

- Neurons can receive and conduct electrochemical impulses from one part of the body to another

23
Q

Neurons can receive and conduct ____ impulses from one part of the body to another

A

Electrochemical

24
Q

Muscle Tissue Characteristics

A
  • Specialized to contract and shorten to produce movement

- Muscle cells are called muscle fibers because they are elongated to provide a long axis for contraction

25
Q

Muscle cells are called ____ because they are elongated to provide a long axis for contraction

A

Muscle fibers

26
Q

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

A
  • Attached to the skeleton of the body

- Forms the flesh of the body

27
Q

Are skeletal muscles voluntarily or involuntarily controlled?

A

Voluntarily

28
Q

What happens when skeletal muscles contract?

A

They pull on the bone or skin of the body and cause body movement or changes in facial expression

29
Q

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

A
  • Found only in the heart
30
Q

What happens when cardiac tissue contracts?

A

The heart acts as a pump and propels blood through the blood vessels

31
Q

Is cardiac muscle under voluntary or involuntary control?

A

Involuntary - we have no control over its activity

32
Q

Smooth Muscle Tissue (visceral)

A
  • Found in the walls of hollow organs

- Slowly contracts - more slowly than any other muscle type

33
Q

Where is smooth muscle tissue found? (4)

A
  • Stomach
  • Bladder
  • Uterus
  • Blood vessels
34
Q

What happens when smooth muscle contracts?

A

The cavity of the organ either becomes smaller (constricts) or enlarges (dilates) so that substances are propelled through the organ along a specific pathway

Honors Anatomy (30 decks)

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