The Respiratory System (Pt. 1) Flashcards
The cardiovascular and respiratory systems share responsibility for: (2)
- Supplying the body with oxygen
- Disposing of carbon dioxide
The transportation of respiratory gases between the lungs and the tissue cells is accomplished by? This uses what as a transporting fluid? (2)
- Cardiovascular system organs
- Blood as a transport fluid
If either system fails, body cells begin to die from? (2)
- Oxygen starvation
- Accumulation of carbon dioxide
Lungs contain?
Alveoli
What are alveoli?
Terminal air sacs
The what is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system?
Nose
During inhalation, air enters the nose by passing through here?
External nares (nostrils)
The interior of the nose consists of?
Nasal cavity
What is the nasal cavity divided by down the midline?
Nasal septum
What are olfactory receptors used for?
The sense of smell
Located in the mucosa in the slit-like superior part of the nasal cavity, just beneath the ethmoid bone
Olfactory receptors
The ciliated cells of the nasal mucosa create a?
Gentle current
Moves contaminated mucus posteriorly thowards the?
Throat (pharynx)
What happens after the mucus is moved to the throat/pharynx? (2)
- Swallowed
- Digested by stomach juices
Partition which separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity below?
Palate
Anteriorly where there is bone is called the?
Hard palate
The unsupported portion to the posterior is called the?
Soft palate
How long is the muscular passageway known as the pharynx?
5 inches long
What is the pharynx commonly called?
The throat
What does the pharynx serve as a common passageway for? (2)
- Food
- Air
The pharynx is continuous with the nasal cavity anteriorly via the?
Internal nares
Air enters the superior portion from the nasal cavity, it is called the?
Nasopharynx
After the nasopharynx, air then descends through the __ and __ to enter the __ below (3)
- Oropharynx
- Larynopharynx
- Larynx
Food enters the mouth and travels along with air through the? (2)
- Oropharynx
- Larynopharynx
After food goes through the oropharynx and larynopharynx, instead of entering the trachea, it is directed into the __ which lies to the __? (2)
- Esophagus
- Posterior
Clusters of lymphatic tissue called? They are found in the? (2)
- Tonsils
- Pharynx
What is the larynx also called?
Voice box
What does the larynx route into the proper channels? (2)
- Air
- Food
What does the larynx play a role in? Where is the larynx located inferior to? (2)
- Plays a role in speech
- Located inferior to the pharynx
The larynx is formed by eight rigid hyaline cartilages and a spoon shaped flap of elastic cartilage called the?
The epiglottis
The largest of the hyaline cartilage is the shield shaped __ which protudes anteriorly and is commonly called the __ ? (2)
- Thyroid cartilage
- Adam’s apple
If anything other than air should enter the larynx, a __ reflex is triggered to expel the substance and prevent it from continuing into the __ (2)
- Cough
- Lungs
Part of the mucous membrane of the larynx forms a pair of folds called the?
Vocal folds
What are the vocal folds? What do the folds vibrate with? (2)
- True vocal cords
- Vibrate with expelled air
The trachea is lined with __ that beat continuously, in a direction __ to that of the incoming air? (2)
- Ciliated mucosa
- Opposite
By the time air reaches the bronchi, it is __, clean of __, and well __ (3)
- Warm
- Impurities
- Humidified
The smaller subdivisions of the primary bronchi within the lungs are direct routes to the?
Air sacs
