The Rest of The Roman World Q's Flashcards
The Etruscans did what to the Latins in 600 BC?
they conquered the Latins
Where did the early Latins settle?
along the Tiber River
What is considered to be the event that marks the beginning of the Roman Empire?
When Latins retaliated and conquered the Etruscans in 509 BC
Republic
a gov’t where the citizens vote and choose their leaders
Patricians
the wealthy landowners (a class in the Roman social structure)
Plebians
the common people (traders, farmers, shop owners, everyone not a slave or patrician)
the Senate was made up of?
300 Patricians who governed Rome
How long was a Senator’s term in office?
their term was for life
consul
officials that administered the law in Rome
Twelve Tables of Law
the first written code of law in Rome
If you owned land you ____________.
had to serve in the Roman army
legion
composed of six thousand soldiers
What major event happened in the first Punic War?
Rome wins a naval victory (up to this point Rome had not had a navy)
tribute
annual payment to Rome
Hannibal
a general of Carthage involved in the Second Punic War (wanted to avenge father’s death)
What land area did Rome get for winning the second Punic War?
Spain
“Carthago est Decanda” is Latin for ___________.
Carthage must be destroyed
What did the Roman army do to Carthage in the third Punic War?
They totally destroyed Carthage
“Carthagenian Peace” means
you totally annihilate your enemy to where they cannot recover
Who was in the first Triumvirate and what were there roles?
Caesar-an acclaimed general popular with the people
Pompey- a Roman general
Marcus Crassus-weakest of the three
triumvirate means
three man rule
in the 1st triumvirate there was a power struggle between
Caesar and Pompey
Caesar is ultimately given an ultimatum by the Senate. What was it?
He was ordered to return to Rome without his army. (if did it he was saying that he yielded to the Senate; if didn’t he was defying the Senate) (involved crossing the Rubicon River)
What did Caesar decide to do in regard to the Senate’s ultimatum?
He comes back with his army and defeats Pompey.
What does “Crossing the Rubicon” mean?
it is where you make a final decision and you cannot turn back
Brutus
a close friend of Caesar and co-conspirator in his death
what does “et tu Brute” mean?
literally means “why you Brutus?” (figuratively means the ultimate betrayal of a friend)
Who was in the second triumvirate and what were their roles?
Octavian-heir/grand-nephew to Caesar (handpicked successor)
Marc Antony-Roman general
Marcus Lepidus-weakest
What was the first objective of the second Triumvirate?
to capture and try Caesar’s murderers (executed everyone of them)
Who was involved in a power struggle in the second triumvirate?
Octavian and Marc Antony
Marc Antony allies with ______________.
Cleopatra Queen of Eygpt
Who eventually wins in the power struggle between Octavian and Marc Antony?
Octavian defeated Marc Antony and Cleopatra in a devastating battle
in 27 BC the Senate gives Octavian the title of ________
Augustus
Augustus means
“Exalted One”- Augustus was also the first Roman emperor
Pax Romana means
Roman Peace
What is the Pax Romana?
a period of peace and prosperity
Imperator (another title given to Augustus) what does it allow him to do?
allows him to be the commander in chief of the entire army
Greco-Roman
a blending of Greek and Roman culture/civilization
aqueducts
brought water from the countryside into the cities
Appian Way
a major roadway to move trade and troops
what happened in the Colosseum?
gladiator events, wild animal events, mock naval battles, and reinacted military victories
Religious toleration of the Roman emperor
other people could worship an way they pleased but the other people had to recognize the emperor as a divine being
Who were the only people to defy the Romans and not recognize the emperor as a divine being?
the Christians
What was the reaction of the Roman officials to Jesus’s teachings?
Jesus was considered a troublemaker because he claimed to be the Messiah
Christians were viewed as _________
scapegoats
Pontius Pilate
the governor who ordered Jesus to be put to death
313 A.D. Edict of Milan
gave religious toleration to the Christians
395 A.D. Christianity became the
official religion of the empire
Germanic invasions
they moved in looking for and area with better climate and better farmland
What did the Visigoths do to the Romans in 344 A.D.?
They defeated the Roman army and showed that Rome was now beatable
In 476 AD ________ became the first German born emperor
Odacer
after the Roman Empire split, the eastern half became known as the __________.
Byzantine Empire and it would last for about another thousand years
