Semester 2 Final Matching Flashcards
1
Q
estates
A
referred to the social classes in French society
2
Q
French social class comprised of clergy
A
1st estate
3
Q
nobility of French social class
A
2nd estate
4
Q
French social class of professionals, laborers, and peasants
A
3rd estate
5
Q
assembly called by Louis XVI for approval of new taxes
A
Estates General
6
Q
motto of the French revolution
A
Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity
7
Q
women of Paris storm royal palace; king forced to Paris
A
March on Versailles
8
Q
emigrees
A
political exile who fled France
9
Q
led the Jacobins and the reign of Terror
A
Max Robiespierre
10
Q
Louis XVI
A
Jan. 21. 1798- French monarch executed by guillotine
11
Q
drafting into the military
A
conscription
12
Q
Reign of Terror
A
movement to “Annihilate enemies of French republic”
13
Q
Directory
A
French government before 1789
14
Q
coup d’etat
A
“stroke of state” seize power by force
15
Q
burning, destroying supplies as retreat; enemy can’t use
A
“scorched earth”
16
Q
harsh climate conditions of Napoleon’s Russia invasion
A
General Winter
17
Q
site of Napoleon’s second and final exile
A
St. Helena
18
Q
bourgeoisie
A
middle class: professionals, merchants, bankers
19
Q
enclosure movement
A
fenced off public lands
20
Q
tenaments
A
shabby, run down living quarters of industrial workers
21
Q
business owned by one person
A
sole proprietorship
22
Q
theory of limiting government intervention in business
A
laissez-faire
23
Q
working class according to Karl Marx
A
proletariat
24
Q
periods of prosperity and decline in the economy
A
business cycle
25
Adam Smith
father of classical economics
26
industrial Revolution
mechanization takes place of manual labor in 1800
27
bourgeoisie
owners of production according to Karl Marx
28
factors of production
land, labor, capital/equipment
29
Henry Ford
revolutionized auto industry; implemented assembly line
30
monopoly
corporation gaining almost complete control of the production process of a good or service
31
Eli Whitney
introduced system of interchangeable parts in his gun factory
32
processof negotiating with which the unions and management come to agreement
collective bargaining
33
Samuel Morse
invention of the telegraph revolutionized communication
34
Michael Faraday
developed first electric generator
35
Edward Jenner
developed smallpox vaccine
36
Lous Pasteur
identified microorganisms called bacteria
37
Mendeleyev
introduced first workable classification of elements
38
The Curies
discovered process of radioactivity(radium)
39
Ivan Pavlov
experimented using a stimulus to bring a response
40
Sigmund Freud
developed psychoanalysis to study behavior
41
Albert Einstein
introduced the theory of relativity
42
Alexander Fleming
discovered penecillin
43
Charles Darwin
introduced the theory of evolution
44
use of chemicals to kill disease-causing germs
antisepsis
45
study of how inborn characteristics are inherited
genetics
46
biology, genetics, anatomy, botany
biological sciences
47
astrology, physics, chemistry, geology
physical sciences
48
process of heating liquids to kill bacteria
pasteurization
49
By 1870s the new source of power
electricity
50
sectionalism
competition/ division among regions of a country
51
suffragette
women campaigning for the right to vote
52
right to vote
suffrage
53
William Lovett
began the Chartist movement
54
Louisiana Purchase
acquired from Napoleon and doubles the size of the US
55
caudillo
a military dictator of Latin America
56
Otto von Bismarck
the "Iron Chancellor"
57
contributed to decline of Indian population in colonies
disease and firearms
58
plebiscite
legislation calling for a yes/no vote
59
huge commercial estates established in Brazil
fazenda
60
huge estates given to the peninsulares by the Spanish king
hacienda
61
James Cook
1770 claimed Australia for Great Britain
62
1840s legislation keeping grain prices high in Britain
corn laws
63
Touissant L'overture
led the first and only successful slave revolt in the Americas
64
those who oppose all forms of government
anarchists
65
movement for Italian unification
risorgimento
66
Red Shirts
followers of Garibaldi
67
Bismarck
1862- he was appointed as head of Prussia's government
68
resource-rich territory lost by France after the Franco-Prussian war
Alsace/Lorraine
69
upper house of German legislature
Bundesrat
70
lower house of German legislature
Reichstag
71
union of all Slavic peoples
PanSlavism
72
pogroms
in Russia-movements to massacre the Jews
73
Russian legislature
Duma
74
imperialism
country's domination of political, economy, and culture
75
nationalism
pride and devotion one has for his country
76
colony
possession of a country/area by a foreign power
77
assimilation
policy of slowly absorbing colonies politically/culturally
78
mass migration of African Boers to North Africa
Great Trek
79
disease killing herds of cattle causing famine
Rinderpest
80
Liberia
African colony established by freed slaves from the US
81
Australia
example of a settlement colony
82
Suez canal
connects Mediterranean Sea to Red Sea
83
primary economic activity in West African civilizations
slave trade
84
Henry Stanley
journalist hired to find David Livingstone
85
David Livingstone
missionary who explored central Africa
86
situation of Europe/Balkans prior to WWI
powder keg
87
western front
stretched from southern Belgium to North France
88
eastern front
line of fighting from Baltic Sea to Black Sea
89
general association of nations to secure world peace
League of Nations
90
nationalistic group that wanted to unite Bosnia with Serbia
Black Hand
91
Franz Ferdinand
his assassination was the spark to beginning of WWI
92
central powers
Austria Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire during WWI
93
Allies
Britain, France, Russian and later the US during WWI
94
Gavrillo Princip
assassin who murdered Archduke Ferdinand
95
14 points
President Wilson's peace plan after WWI
96
Lusitania
British liner sunk by Germans (May 1915) major impact on US entering WWI
97
barbed-wire, trenches, land mines; wasteland
"no man's land"
98
Versailles
palace where peace treaty signed to end WWI
99
1800s- various groups wanted political unity
nationalism
100
militarism
glorify military and arms
101
rivaled Great Britain in naval supremacy in early 1900s
Germany
102
Great Britain's location and to get involved on continent
"splendid isolation"
103
show of Germany's support to Austria-Hungary
blank check
104
belligerent
referred to a country at war
105
drafting soldiers, factories converted, women working
total war
106
brutal acts against civilization
atrocities
107
Bolsheviks
extreme radicals, overthrew propositional government in Russia
108
Vladimir Lenin
leader of the Bolsheviks
109
communist party
new name of Bolsheviks after Russian revolution
110
AEF
American forces in WWI
111
reparations
money payment for war damages
112
John J. Pershing
leader of American forces in WWI
113
authors who reflected decay in society
"Lost Generation"
114
flappers
young women rebelled with short hair and dresses
115
18th amendment
legislation establishing prohibition
116
21st amendment
repealed prohibition
117
prohibition
period when making, selling, alcohol was illegal
118
Oct. 29, 1929-sudden drop in stock prices
Black Tuesday
119
FDR's advisory council during the Depression
brain trust
120
New Deal
FDR;s program for relief, recovery, and reform
121
radio talks of encouragement form FDR
fireside chats
122
instantly purchasing goods and repay over time
credit buying
123
pensions for elderly, unemployed, and disabled
Social Security Act
124
March 9-June 16, 1933: President and congress pass legislation to make up the New Deal
Hundred Days
125
hitching rides on boxcars to travel from town to town
ride the rails
126
shack towns set up by homeless
"Hoovervilles"
127
men with pants pocket turned out-no money
"Hoover flags"
128
materials used to cover sleepers on park benches
"Hoover blankets"
129
material placed in shoes to cover holes in shoe
"Hoover leather"
130
thin soup served in soup kitchens and soup lines
"Hoover stew"
131
Mussolini
fascist dictator of Italy beginning in the 1930s
132
political party of Mussolini
Fascist party
133
Mussolini's followers
black shirts
134
IL Duce
Mussolini's title/"the leader"
135
German government established after WWI (1919)
Weimar Republic
136
the Nationalist Socialists German Workers Party
Nazi
137
Mein Kampf
written by Hitler in prison/ "my struggle"
138
justification for Germany to expand/ "living space"
lebensraum
139
Reichstag
German legislature
140
Paul von Hindenburg
German president who confirmed chancellorship on Hitler
141
Der Fuhrer
Hitler's title/ "the leader"
142
Hitler's government
Third Reich
143
Gestapo
Hitler's secret police force
144
practice of separating races into specific neighborhoods
ghettos
145
Joseph Stalin
totalitarian dictator of Russia
146
military alliance between Mussolini and Hitler
Rome-Berlin Axis
147
Great Purge
Stalin's attempt to rid Russia of opposition
148
established in Italy when it became a dictatorship
police state
149
anti-semetism
hatred of Jews
150
Aryan
master race envisioned by Hitler
