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10th World History > The Greek World > Flashcards

The Greek World Flashcards

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0
Q

King Minos

A

the leader at the height of the Minoan civilization

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1
Q

Crete

A

an island where the Minoan culture flourished

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2
Q

Knossos

A

King Minos’s palace city

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3
Q

frescoes

A

wall paintings that depicted daily life

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4
Q

Peloponnesus

A

southern Greece

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5
Q

Mycenae

A

a thriving port city

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6
Q

Major economic activity of the Achaeans

A

sea trade

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7
Q

Iliad and the Odyssey

A

epic poems written by Homer that gave an account of the Trojan Wars

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8
Q

The Iliad

A

tells about the Trojan Wars

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9
Q

Odyssey

A

gives an account of Odyseus(a trojan warrior) and his soldiers trying to get back home after the war

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10
Q

Polis

A

a city state that was built on a hilltop

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11
Q

the two leading city states

A

Athens and Sparta

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12
Q

Sparta

A

warlike, military minded, no weakness allowed, everyone was physically fit

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13
Q

Athens

A

cultural, center of where things were at, “it” place in Greece, lots of artists, philosophers, thinkers, scientists, scholars, etc. could be found here

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14
Q

Acropolis

A

a hilltop fortress

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15
Q

direct democracy

A

mass participation(everyone can participate)

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16
Q

aristocracy

A

the privileged land owners and upper class

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17
Q

debt slavery

A

if you couldn’t pay your taxes you could sell yourself into slavery

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18
Q

Phalanx

A

a military formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

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19
Q

tyrant

A

a ruler who takes over by force

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20
Q

Draco’s code of law

A

very harsh and was a failure

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21
Q

council of 400

A

an assembly of citizens (would come together and make decisions)

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22
Q

council of 500

A

an assembly of citizens (# increased from 400 to 500)

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23
Q

ostracism

A
  • temporary exile from the city(lasted 10 years)

- if a person was judged to be a threat you were removed

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24
Q

government of Sparta

A

was a duel monarchy (2 kings) (did not have absolute control

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25
Q

council of elders

A

served as an advisory body to the kings(limited the power of the duel monarchy)

26
Q

ephors

A

five of them; directed daily life in Sparta (monitored everything; tons of regulations, procedures, and protocol)

27
Q

helots

A

slaves/prisoners of war

28
Q

rites of passage

A

two tests that a young boy had to pass in order to become an adult

29
Q

first rite of passage for a spartan boy

A
  1. a young boy would be taken out in the middle of the night to some area in the wilderness far away from Sparta 2. no food, no water, and no weapons 3. had to make it back home on their own
30
Q

second rite of passage for a Spartan boy

A

the young boy would have to kill a slave and nobody could know about it; had to do it and not get caught (both mental and stealth challenge)

31
Q

only two types of Spartan people that had their names on their tombstones when they were buried

A
  1. a warrior that had died in battle 2. a woman that died during childbirth
32
Q

what was the first test that all Spartan children went through

A

a newborn would be judged by the ephors; if judged it would be taken out the wilderness and left to die; was a visual test-if came out kicking and screaming and there were no defects or labored breathing if was okay

33
Q

Pericles

A

the ruler/leader during Greece’s Golden Age

34
Q

Delian League

A

a trading organization among the city states

35
Q

Socrates’s motto

A

Know Thyself

36
Q

Socratic method

A

method of questioning to arrive at the truth

37
Q

How did Socrates react after being arrested?

A

He accepted his punishment and said that you have to follow the laws of the state. (had chance to escape but didn’t take it)

38
Q

The Academy

A

a school founded by Plato

39
Q

The Republic

A

a book written by Plato that described an ideal society

40
Q

what were the three classes in The Republic and their jobs?

A
  1. workers-provided the necessities of life(farming, working in shops, govt building projects 2. warriors-defenders/protectors of the society 3. philosophers-rulers(decision makers) of the society
41
Q

Lyceum

A

a scientific academy founded by Aristotle

42
Q

Persian Empire

A

about 510 B.C. they had the largest empire in the world

43
Q

499 B.C. Miletus

A

a Greek city state that rebelled against the Persians

44
Q

Darius

A

was a king of Persia

45
Q

Marathon

A

Greek victory over the Persians

46
Q

Pheidippides

A

was the Greek runner that ran back to Athens telling of the victory at Marathon

47
Q

Xerxes(son of Darius)

A

in 480 B.C. he demands that the Greeks surrender

48
Q

Thermopylae

A

the mountain pass defended by the Spartan force of 300

49
Q

Leonidas

A

the Spartan general

50
Q

battle of Salamis

A

Athenian navy destroys most of the Persian fleet

51
Q

battle of Plataea

A

the final battle of the century of war and we see a Greek victory over the Persians

52
Q

Hellenistic culture

A

Greek-like culture

53
Q

civilization

A

a mixture of Greek and Roman culture

54
Q

Alexander the Great age 20

A

inherits his father’s kingdom

55
Q

Alexandria

A

a court-city in Egypt(built lighthouse there that was one of the seven wonders of the ancient world)

56
Q

Aesop

A

was a former slave known for his fables(tortoise and the hare)

57
Q

Euclid

A

created the fundamentals for modern geometry

58
Q

Herodotus

A

“father of history” factually recorded history

59
Q

Hippocrates

A

“father of medicine” laid down the principles of modern medicine

60
Q

Ptolemy

A

developed a universal theory that stated that the Earth was at the center of the universe

61
Q

Archimedes

A

and engineer, physician, and a mathematician

62
Q

Pythagoras

A

developed the Pythagorean theorem (a2+b2=c2)

63
Q

Epicurus

A

stressed that moderation in all things would make one happy

10th World History (79 decks)

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