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10th World History > The Greek World > Flashcards

The Greek World Flashcards

0
Q

King Minos

A

the leader at the height of the Minoan civilization

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1
Q

Crete

A

an island where the Minoan culture flourished

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2
Q

Knossos

A

King Minos’s palace city

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3
Q

frescoes

A

wall paintings that depicted daily life

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4
Q

Peloponnesus

A

southern Greece

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5
Q

Mycenae

A

a thriving port city

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6
Q

Major economic activity of the Achaeans

A

sea trade

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7
Q

Iliad and the Odyssey

A

epic poems written by Homer that gave an account of the Trojan Wars

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8
Q

The Iliad

A

tells about the Trojan Wars

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9
Q

Odyssey

A

gives an account of Odyseus(a trojan warrior) and his soldiers trying to get back home after the war

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10
Q

Polis

A

a city state that was built on a hilltop

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11
Q

the two leading city states

A

Athens and Sparta

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12
Q

Sparta

A

warlike, military minded, no weakness allowed, everyone was physically fit

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13
Q

Athens

A

cultural, center of where things were at, “it” place in Greece, lots of artists, philosophers, thinkers, scientists, scholars, etc. could be found here

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14
Q

Acropolis

A

a hilltop fortress

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15
Q

direct democracy

A

mass participation(everyone can participate)

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16
Q

aristocracy

A

the privileged land owners and upper class

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17
Q

debt slavery

A

if you couldn’t pay your taxes you could sell yourself into slavery

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18
Q

Phalanx

A

a military formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

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19
Q

tyrant

A

a ruler who takes over by force

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20
Q

Draco’s code of law

A

very harsh and was a failure

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21
Q

council of 400

A

an assembly of citizens (would come together and make decisions)

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22
Q

council of 500

A

an assembly of citizens (# increased from 400 to 500)

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23
Q

ostracism

A
  • temporary exile from the city(lasted 10 years)

- if a person was judged to be a threat you were removed

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24
government of Sparta
was a duel monarchy (2 kings) (did not have absolute control
25
council of elders
served as an advisory body to the kings(limited the power of the duel monarchy)
26
ephors
five of them; directed daily life in Sparta (monitored everything; tons of regulations, procedures, and protocol)
27
helots
slaves/prisoners of war
28
rites of passage
two tests that a young boy had to pass in order to become an adult
29
first rite of passage for a spartan boy
1. a young boy would be taken out in the middle of the night to some area in the wilderness far away from Sparta 2. no food, no water, and no weapons 3. had to make it back home on their own
30
second rite of passage for a Spartan boy
the young boy would have to kill a slave and nobody could know about it; had to do it and not get caught (both mental and stealth challenge)
31
only two types of Spartan people that had their names on their tombstones when they were buried
1. a warrior that had died in battle 2. a woman that died during childbirth
32
what was the first test that all Spartan children went through
a newborn would be judged by the ephors; if judged it would be taken out the wilderness and left to die; was a visual test-if came out kicking and screaming and there were no defects or labored breathing if was okay
33
Pericles
the ruler/leader during Greece's Golden Age
34
Delian League
a trading organization among the city states
35
Socrates's motto
Know Thyself
36
Socratic method
method of questioning to arrive at the truth
37
How did Socrates react after being arrested?
He accepted his punishment and said that you have to follow the laws of the state. (had chance to escape but didn't take it)
38
The Academy
a school founded by Plato
39
The Republic
a book written by Plato that described an ideal society
40
what were the three classes in The Republic and their jobs?
1. workers-provided the necessities of life(farming, working in shops, govt building projects 2. warriors-defenders/protectors of the society 3. philosophers-rulers(decision makers) of the society
41
Lyceum
a scientific academy founded by Aristotle
42
Persian Empire
about 510 B.C. they had the largest empire in the world
43
499 B.C. Miletus
a Greek city state that rebelled against the Persians
44
Darius
was a king of Persia
45
Marathon
Greek victory over the Persians
46
Pheidippides
was the Greek runner that ran back to Athens telling of the victory at Marathon
47
Xerxes(son of Darius)
in 480 B.C. he demands that the Greeks surrender
48
Thermopylae
the mountain pass defended by the Spartan force of 300
49
Leonidas
the Spartan general
50
battle of Salamis
Athenian navy destroys most of the Persian fleet
51
battle of Plataea
the final battle of the century of war and we see a Greek victory over the Persians
52
Hellenistic culture
Greek-like culture
53
civilization
a mixture of Greek and Roman culture
54
Alexander the Great age 20
inherits his father's kingdom
55
Alexandria
a court-city in Egypt(built lighthouse there that was one of the seven wonders of the ancient world)
56
Aesop
was a former slave known for his fables(tortoise and the hare)
57
Euclid
created the fundamentals for modern geometry
58
Herodotus
"father of history" factually recorded history
59
Hippocrates
"father of medicine" laid down the principles of modern medicine
60
Ptolemy
developed a universal theory that stated that the Earth was at the center of the universe
61
Archimedes
and engineer, physician, and a mathematician
62
Pythagoras
developed the Pythagorean theorem (a2+b2=c2)
63
Epicurus
stressed that moderation in all things would make one happy

10th World History (79 decks)

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