Chapter 26 Notes Flashcards
1969 becomes US president
Richard Nixon
“Vietnamization”
planned for South Vietnam to take over the fighting; American troops gradually withdraw
Jan, 27, 1973 Paris Peace Accords
communist leaders accept peace and it stated the United States and the allies would leave Vietnam
negative impact on the US
wounded- over 300,000, wall- about 58,000, MIAs and POWs- about 2,000?
economic strain of Vietnam War
about $150 billion
the Vietnam War divided
the American public
Kent State University
national guard fired into a group of student protestors
trust in our national leaders
had gone to being disillusioned with the government and not trusting our leaders
1972 Watergate Hotel (Washington D.C.)
the location of the Democratic National Committee; burglars break into the headquarters
Washington Post Newspaper
a tip revealed that President Nixon’s officials knew of the breakin
Pres. Nixon’s involvement
knew of the break in and cover up
August 1974
President Nixon resigns and is the only president to do so
Becomes the new president after Nixon
Gerald Ford
was the only Vice President and President to not be elected to those posts
Jimmy Carter
1976; Iranian militants in 1979 seize the embassy and have hostages
Ronald Reagan
1980 and 1984; known as the “Great Communicator”; National Security Council illegally sold weapons to fund rebels in Nicaragua; known as the Iran-contra affair
famous quote of Reagan
Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall. message to Soviet leader regarding the Berlin Wall
George H. W. Bush
1988 elected president; leadership in the Persian Gulf War
Bill Clinton
1992; December 1998 impeachment proceedings begin against Clinton and in February of 1999 Clinton was acquitted of all charges
George W. Bush
2000; election was unique because he lost the popular vote; begins the War on Terrorism after 9/11
Barack Obama
2008 and 2012; first minority President
emphasis in American foreign policy beginning in the 1970s was to
reduce tensions with the Soviet Union
in 1972 Nixon was the first American President to
visit Russia
Leonid Brezhnev
the Soviet leader
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
Known as SALT
limit nuclear arsenal
Detente
“easing of strain”; referred to the US Soviet relations
weapons of mass destruction
(WMD) nuclear, chemical, and biological
“New World Order”
the stronger countries would defend the weaker countries
Margaret Thatcher
the Iron Lady
first female Prime Minister of Great Britain
Falkland Islands
islands off the coast of Argentina; Argentine forces invade and the British take back the islands
John Major
succeeded Thatcher
Prime Minister today
David Cameron
1922 Republic of Ireland (south) gets
its independence from Great Britain
North Ireland
stayed with the United Kingdom; religion Protestant
resentment between the Protestants and the Catholics
late 1960s violent protests between
the Catholics and Protestants
Irish Republican army (IRA)
they were Catholic
drive out the British at all costs
in the late 1960s West Germany becomes
a major world power “West German Miracle”
biggest challenge
relationship with East Germany
“ostopolitik”
referred to the policy toward Eastern Germany
Helmut Kohl
the chancellor of West Germany and his biggest challenge was to unify Germany
1989 the Berlin Wall
comes down
October 1990 Germany is
unified
Helsinki Accords (1975)
security and cooperation in Europe; peaceful settlement of disputes
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NATO; objective- keep Western Europe safe during the Cold War
1993- new organization in Europe
European Union (EU)
have free trade (no barriers)
single currency
Soviet satellite
independent countries that were actually controlled by the USSR
Brezhnev Doctrine
Soviets would step in if there was an attempt to break away
Mikhail Gorbachev
last Communist leader
Glastnost
policy of “openness”
people could criticize the government; ease censorship; freedom of religion
Perestroika
economic restructure
Boris Yeltsin
1991- first elected President in Russia; marks the end of 74 years of Communism
Chechnya
people wanted to break away (bitter fighting)
Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania 1990
first 3 republics to get their independence
Commonwealth of Independent States
CIS, formed after the breakup of the USSR; creation of 15 independent states
Vladimir Putin
the Russian president today
New York City- Trade Center
first attack; a truck bomb in the N. Tower parking garage was detonated; the intent was to bring down the N. Tower and possibly hit the South Tower
Oklahoma City
a federal building was bombed by a truck bomb that had detonated; Tim McVeigh and Terry Nichols were the bombers and Tim was executed and Terry got life in prison
World Trade Center 9/11
the North and South towers collapsed after being hit by the airliners
Pentagon
the headquarters of our defense department
Flight 93
passengers overtake the airplane and force a crash landing
President Bush call to action
“This was an act of war”
“You’re either for us or you’re with the terrorists”
Office of Homeland Security
a new cabinet post created after 9/11
Patriot Act (2001)
it gave more power to the government to investigate terroristic activities
Taliban
organization that governed Afghanistan
al Queda
“the base” -holy war led by Osama bin Laden
sleeper cells
terroristic organizations that may exist without our knowledge
