Test 4: 5: lymphoid Flashcards
— regulated the production of RBC
erythropoietin (Epo)
released during hypoxia by kidneys promotes RBC proliferation and inhibits apoptosis
erythropoiesis is the formation of ___
red blood cells
regulated by Epo- which is made by kidneys
Granulopoiesis is the formation of —
myeloid series
Inflammatory mediators (ILs and TNF-α) stimulate fibroblasts, macrophages, and endothelial cells to produce cytokines (G-CSF and GM-CSF) that increase granulopoiesis and monocytopoiesis.
Granulocytic and monocytic cells are referred to collectively as —
myeloid cells
In the context of hematology, “myeloid” is also
sometimes used to mean a hematopoietic cell of nonlymphoid origin; in neuroanatomy, the prefixes “myelo-” or “myel-” can refer to the spinal cord or myelin.)
Thrombopoietin (Tpo), synthesized primarily in the —, regulates thrombopoiesis.
liver
always/ constitutively produced
makes megakaryocytes → platelets
Megakaryocytes arise from a progenitor cell → endomitosis to become — →extend cytoplasmic processes bone marrow venous sinusoids →shed cytoplasmic fragments (—) into circulation.
polyploid
platelets
neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil
monocyte
lymphocyte
— tissue (red marrow) regresses and is replaced with nonhematopoietic tissue, mainly fat (yellow marrow).
Hematopoietic
what is a cytology how is it different from biopsy
Aspirates = Cytologic preparations are collections of cells expressed or “smeared” on a slide, stained and examined microscopically. Most aspects of a ‘marrow evaluation’ can be done cytologically
Core biopsies = Histologic preparations are sections of tissue that have been fixed with formalin, embedded in paraffin or plastic, sectioned, stained, and coverslipped.
why do you submit a CBC with a bone marrow sample
need to compare to each other, they change rapidly in response to each other
M:E ratio is for —
THIS ONLY INCLUDES ERYTHROID AND MYELOID - NOT MEGAKARYOCYTES!
Normal M:E in healthy animals: Companion animals M:E=1:1 – 2:1, Livestock
& horses M:E = 0.5:1.
when to do core biopsy
if bone changes
FNA showed abnormal cellularity
focal lesion
FNA unsuccessful- dry tap
what cells for the M:E ration
myeloid : neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil
erythroid: red blood cell
deep blue ?
purple?
deep blue: erythroid
purple: myeloid
what is a band cell
immature neutrophil