Test 2 Lab 14: Female Repro Flashcards
ovary
atretic follicles, ovary
atretic follicle, hen
cords of ___ cells (interstitial gland cells) may be found in the stroma of the ovary
epithelioid
The ___ cells are derived from the theca interna of atretic, antral follicles or from the granulosa cells of atretic, preantral follicles.
epithelioid
Only one ovary (___) persists as a functional organ in the hen.
the left
on the avian ovary, the cortex and medulla can be distinguished and that the medulla is very ___
vascular.
on the surface of the avian ovary is ___
germinal epithelium
The ____, composed of dense connective tissue, lies beneath the germinal epithelium of a avian ovary
tunica albuginea
what lies beneath the tunica albuginea of a avian ovary?
A stroma of loose connective tissue containing developing follicles
in an avian follicle, the developing ovum (primary oocyte) accumulates ___ until it reaches a large size.
yolk
why is there no antrum in an avian follicle
accumulates yolk instead
A ___ granulosa surrounds the oocyte
membrana
A membrana granulosa surrounds the oocyte. It is a layer of ___ cells in the smallest and largest follicles and is a ____layer in follicles of intermediate size
simple cuboidal
pseudostratified
Numerous fat ___ occur throughout the
cytoplasm of the vacuolar cells and their nuclei
are pyknotic (small and condensed).
vacuoles
Numerous fat vacuoles occur throughout the
cytoplasm of the vacuolar cells and their nuclei
are pyknotic (small and condensed). Collections of these cells, in the cortex, may represent ___ follicles
regressing postovulatory
The pale, ___cells occur in groups
in the compact connective tissue of the theca externa of the follicle. they may also be
found, in groups, in the cortical stroma and medulla.
interstitial
interstitial cells are thought to be the source of both ___ and ___
estrogens and androgens.
Despite early references to the presence of
corpora lutea in the bird ovary, it is now thought that corpora lutea are ___ and
that progesterone is produced by cells of the membrane granulosa, the _____
or possibly both.
not present
interstitial cells
In the most common type of ___follicle, cells of the membrana granulosa proliferate, forming a number of irregular layers around the oocyte.
atretic
what happens to atretic follicles
cells of the membrana granulosa proliferate, forming a number of irregular layers around the oocyte.
The oocyte becomes smaller and is eventually
replaced by granulosa cells.
Scar tissue ultimately replaces the granulosa cells.
in atretic follicles, ___ ultimately replaces the granulosa cells
scar tissue
In older birds, in a atretic follicle, the oocyte becomes surrounded by hyperplastic and ___ interstitial cells during atresia. Both the oocyte and the membrana granulosa eventually
degenerate.
hypertrophied
In the oviduct, the folding of the mucosa is characteristic of the ___ but
diminishes progressively caudally
cranial third
the epithelium of the oviduct is ___
pseudostratified.
in the oviduct, he epithelium in this section is pseudostratified. Some cells possess cilia while others are ___. The two types of cells may be distinguished using the oil immersion lens.
secretory and lack cilia
5 segments of the oviduct
infundibulum, magnum, isthmus, uterus, and vagina.
The oviduct synthesizes those coats, other than part of the ____ membrane, which surround the ovum in the hard-shelled egg.
perivitelline
The magnum forms the___ of the egg.
albumen or white
the ___ forms the keratinous shell membranes and the uterus forms the calcareous shell, pigment and cuticle.
isthmus
___ formation has been attributed to the infundibulum, although the degree of its
involvement is uncertain. The chalazae are thought to stabilize the position of the yolk
within the albumen.
Chalaza
The ___ functions to produce the outer shell, and is
sometimes referred to as the shell gland.
uterus
The vagina does not contribute to the
formation of the egg, but its ___serve as preferential storage organs for sperm, from which sperm are released over a period of a week or more, following normal copulation.
sperm-host glands
In the funnel of the infundibulum, the epithelium is ____ and the muscularis is comprised of
scattered bundles of smooth muscle.
simple, ciliated columnar
In the neck of the infundibulum, the mucosa is thrown into___ and on the surface of these folds, are secondary and tertiary folds
primary folds
On the neck of the infundibulum, The epithelium is ___ except at the bases of the secondary folds where it consists of ____ secretory cells.
ciliated pseudostratified columnar
nonciliated, columnar,
The muscularis is arranged into inner circular
and outer longitudinal layers in the ___of the infundibulum
neck
The ___of the infundibulum consists of
mesothelium and underlying connective tissue.
serosa
on the magnum, Note the well-developed mucosal
folds (a delicate submucosa forms the core of each fold) and ___ epithelium.
pseudostratified
the epithelium of the magnum consists of ciliated ___ and secretory (goblet) cells.
columnar
In the magnum, The nuclei of the ____ cells are rounded and lie closer to the basement membrane
than the nuclei of the ___cells, hence the designation pseudostratified.
secretory
ciliated
The muscularis of the ___ is better developed than in the infundibulum.
magnum
The lamina propria of the magnum is abundantly filled with compound tubular glands, which form the ____ of the egg
albumen
The glands of the ___ produce the shell
membranes.
isthmus
A ___ covers the external surface of the magnum
serosa
he shell of the egg is produced from secretions of its ___glands
tubular
in the shell gland (uterus), the mucosa is
thrown into longitudinal, leaf-shaped folds, which are covered by a ____ columnar epithelium.
ciliated pseudostratified,
In the vagina, the muscularis is well
developed, especially the ___layer.
circular
the vaginal ___ is thrown into numerous tall,
narrow folds bearing many small secondary folds.
mucosa
The epithelium of the vagina is ___columnar with mucous cells.
ciliated
pseudostratified
Sperm-host glands are present in the mucosa of the vagina. They are located in the connective tissue of the mucosa of the vagina near the junction of the latter with the ___
uterus.
The vagina opens into the ___ of the cloaca.
urodeum
The epithelium of the endometrium of the uterus in estrus may appear to be simple ____ or ___
cuboidal or simple columnar.
Cells of acini of an active mammary gland are generally vacuolated and “moth-eaten” in appearance because their ___were extracted during processing.
cytoplasmic lipids
Some of the flat nuclei seen surrounding the mammary acini belong to ___cells.
myoepithelial
rounded concretions of ___ and cellular debris will be seen in some acini. These are called ____
casein
corpora amylacae
the ____ is lined by a bistratified cuboidal/columnar epithelium.
teat sinus
The ____ is lined by stratified squamous epithelium.
teat canal
early antral follicle
preovulatory follicle
parts of the oviduct
