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21 fall: histology > Test 2 Endocrine Lab > Flashcards

Test 2 Endocrine Lab Flashcards

1
Q
A

pituitary gland

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2
Q
A

pituitary

(pars distalis)

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3
Q
A

acidophils in the pars distalis of the pituitary

(where growth hormone and prolactin are from)

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4
Q
A

basophils in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland (red or blue)

(FSH LH, TSH- glycoproteins made by basophils)

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5
Q
A

chromophobes of the pars distalis of the pituitary gland

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6
Q

pale areas in the pars nervosa of the pituitary are?

A

unmyelinated axons

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7
Q
A

pituitary gland

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8
Q
A

pituitary of a cow

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9
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10
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
Q
A

parathyroid

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16
Q
A

adrenal gland

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17
Q
A

adrenal gland

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18
Q
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19
Q
A

adrenal gland

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20
Q
A
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21
Q
A

adrenal gland, chicken

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22
Q
A

adrenal gland, chicken

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23
Q
A

pituitary

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24
Q
A

pituitary

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25
Q
A

pars nervosa, pituitary

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26
Q
A

pars distalis, pituitary

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27
Q
A

cow, pituitary

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28
Q
A

cow pituitary gland

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29
Q
A

thyroid

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30
Q
A

thyroid

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31
Q
A

thyroid

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32
Q
A

parathyroid

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33
Q
A

parathyroid

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34
Q
A

adrenal cortex

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35
Q
A

adrenal cortex

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36
Q
A

adrenal medulla

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37
Q
A

avian adrenal gland

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38
Q
A

avian adrenal gland

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39
Q

____(central portion) is stained blue. The ___ (pink) enwraps most of the pars nervosa. The ____ (distalis), orange and very vascular, constitutes the major portion of the
section.

A

pars nervosa

pars intermedia

pars anterior

Pituitary gland

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40
Q
A

pituitary gland pars distalis

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41
Q
A

pituitary gland (pars intermedia)

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42
Q
A

pituitary gland (pars nervosa)

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43
Q
A

cow pituitary gland

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44
Q
A

pituitary gland (pars nervosa) cow

45
Q
A

pituitary gland

rathke’s pouch between pars intermedia and pars distalis in a cow

46
Q
A

adrenal gland

47
Q
A

adrenal gland

48
Q
A

adrenal gland

49
Q

pars distalis has many ___ containing erythrocytes (bright orange).

A

sinusoids

pituitary

50
Q

___ are those cells in the pituitary that possess an affinity for certain dyes.

A

Chromophils

51
Q

Chromophils with light orange cytoplasm are ___

A

acidophils.

52
Q

Chromophils with blue or red cytoplasmic granules are ___

A

basophils

53
Q

___ are small, rounded or polygonal cells containing relatively little cytoplasm.

A

Chromophobes

54
Q

Chromophobes lack an affinity for the usual dyes used in histology and exhibit no visible ___ when observed by light microscopy.

A

granules

55
Q

Since the nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio is high in ___, clusters of them appear as groups of relatively tightly packed nuclei amongst the chromophils.

A

chromophobes

56
Q

growth hormone and prolactin are derived from ___

A

acidophils (orange cells) in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland

57
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) are glycoproteins and are produced by ___.

A

basophils in the pars distalis of the pituitary

58
Q

basophils in the pars distalis of the pituitary produce___

A

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

luteinizing hormone (LH)

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

which are glycoproteins

59
Q

acidophils in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland produce

A

growth hormone and prolactin

(orange cells)

60
Q

basophils will be stain ___ or ___ and are found in which part of the pituitary gland?

A

blue or red

pars distalis

61
Q

Chromophobes are considered to be ___ acidophils or basophils.

A

degranulated

62
Q

___ produce adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or corticotropin.

A

Chromophobes

in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland

63
Q

chromophobes produce what and are found where?

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or corticotropin

pars distalis of the pituitary gland

64
Q

In the ___, note the numerous capillaries and the pale areas which are composed of unmyelinated axons from the nerve cells of supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus.

A

pars nervosa

65
Q

In the pars nervosa, note the numerous ___ and the pale areas which are composed of ____ from the nerve cells of supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus.

A

capillaries

unmyelinated axons

pars nervosa= blue part of pituitary gland

66
Q

___ containing colloid may be seen in the pars intermedia.

A

Vesicles(follicles)

67
Q
A

pars intermedia of the pituitary gland with a vesicles(follicle) containing colloid

68
Q

In the cow’s pituitary, the lumen of ___ persists and is evident on this section as a cleft between the pars distalis and the ___

A

Rathke’s pouch

pars intermedia

69
Q

___persists and is evident on this section as a cleft between the pars distalis and the pars intermedia. what animal?

A

Rathke’s pouch

cow pituitary gland

70
Q

Note that the pars intermedia partially enwraps the ___ and contains mostly ___

A

pars nervosa

basophils

71
Q

In the pars nervosa, ___ can be seen in the numerous capillaries.

A

erythrocytes

part of pituitary gland

72
Q

Also note the numerous small, round or oval nuclei that belong to cells called ___ which are neuroglia cells

A

pituicytes

73
Q

the feltwork formed from axons and dendrites of unmyelinated neurons and the glial cell processes of this part of the pituitary

A

Neuopil

(pars nervosa of the pituitary gland)

74
Q

In the pars nervosa, ____ granules are stained a light pink and are not differentiated from the neuropil

A

Neurosecretory

75
Q

thyroid is surrounded by a thin ___

A

connective tissue capsule

76
Q

___ extend from the capsule of the thyroid into the parenchyma consisting of numerous ___ lined by a simple epithelium of low cuboidal or squamous follicle cells

A

Trabeculae

follicles

77
Q

Follicles of the thyroid gland are lined with ___

A

simple epithelium of low cuboidal or squamous follicle cells

until stimulated by TSH to become cuboidal or columnar

78
Q

what does TSH do to follicle cells in the thyroid?

A

simple epithelium of low cuboidal or squamous follicle cells.

When the gland is stimulated by TSH

cells become cuboidal or columnar.

79
Q

what is stored in the follicles of the thyroid?

A

colloid

80
Q

what are the cells next to follicle cells in the thyroid?

A

parafollicular cells

81
Q

parathyroid gland: Note the delicate ___ and ___arrangement of the cells

A

capsule

cord-like

82
Q

in the parathyroid no ___ cells are present

A

oxyphilic

83
Q

all of the cells of the parathyroid are ___ cells

A

chief/ principal cells

84
Q

zones of the adrenal gland

A

zona multiformis (outermost),

zona fasciculata (middle),

zona reticularis (innermost).

85
Q

Cells of the zona multiformis (also called zona glomerulosa) are ___.

A

columnar

adrenal gland (outer most layer)

86
Q
A

adrenal gland

87
Q

zona multiformis (also called zona glomerulosa) are arranged in arc-like formations with the convexity ___ the capsule.

A

nearest

88
Q

zona fasciculata consists of ___cells arranged in the form of radial cords.

A

cuboidal or columnar

(middle zone of the cortex of the adrenal gland)

89
Q

. Numerous vacuoles, which once contained ___, can be seen in the fasciculata cells of the cortex of the ___

A

lipid

adrenal gland- middle layer

90
Q

The ____ consists of anastomosing cords of cells. They contain fewer lipid vacuoles than those of the zona fasciculata.

A

zona reticularis

(inner most layer of the cortex of the adrenal gland)

91
Q

Note the ___ cytoplasm of the cells of the medulla of the adrenal gland

A

granular

92
Q

what veins runs through the medulla of the adrenal gland?

A

central vein

93
Q

___ (individual cells or clusters of cells) may be found scattered through the medulla of the adrenal gland.

A

Neurons

94
Q

In the medulla, the neurons are nerve cells of the ___ nervous system

A

autonomic

95
Q

Because the cells of the medulla and cortex of the adrenal gland interdigitate, projections of the zona reticularis may be seen amongst the ___cells.

A

chromaffin

96
Q

avian adrenal gland. Note that there is a ___ when compared to the mammalian adrenal

A

gross lack of organization

97
Q

in the avian adrenal gland, Cords of ___ cells (pink) are seen to be indiscriminately mixed with cords of ___cells (purple)

A

cortical

medullary

98
Q

in the avian adrenal gland, a rich capillary or arteriole/venule supply is evident, and at one pole of the organ a ___ is present.

A

ganglion

99
Q

horse pituitary

A
100
Q

cells of the horse endocrine gland

A
101
Q

cow pituitary

A
102
Q
A
103
Q
A
104
Q

thyroid gland

A
105
Q

adrenal gland

hand drawn pic

A
106
Q

__ vaculoles in the cells of the zona fasciculata of the cortex of the medulla

A

lipid

107
Q

zona reticularis consist of cords of cell which stain more darkly than those of the ___

A

zona fassiculata (middle layer)

108
Q

another name for zona multiformis

A

zona golmerulosa

(outermost layer of the cortex of the adrenal gland)

21 fall: histology (36 decks)

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