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21 fall: histology > lab 11 exocrine > Flashcards

lab 11 exocrine Flashcards

1
Q

synthesized products of glands:

A

Saliva, mucus, enzymes and hormones

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2
Q

example of while cells produced by glands

A

spermatozoa

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3
Q

example of disintegrated cells produced by glands

A

sebum

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4
Q

Multicellular glands that retain communication with an epithelial surface by an excretory duct are designated ___

A

exocrine glands

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5
Q

Glands which have lost communication with an epithelial surface and which secrete directly into the surrounding interstitial tissue are called

A

endocrine (ductless) glands

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6
Q

Some glands have both exocrine and endocrine capabilities, example ___

A

pancreas and liver

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7
Q

the secretory unit can be three shapes

A

tubular
acinar/alveolar
or tubule-acinar

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8
Q

if there is more then one duct a gland is ___

A

compound

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9
Q

explain ducts of branched, simple glands

A
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10
Q

three ways to secrete

A

merocrine (eccrine)
Apocrine
holocrine

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11
Q

Here secretory vesicles (small, membrane bound spherical sacs containing secretory product) attach directly to the plasma membrane and discharge their contents to the exterior.

A

merocrine(eccrine)

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12
Q

the secretory product, a small amount of surrounding cytoplasm and a bit of plasma membrane, is pinched off from the surface of the secretory cell.

A

apocrine

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13
Q

the entire secretory cell becomes the product.

A

holocrine

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14
Q

example of holocrine

A

Sebaceous glands

The testes and ovary produce and release cells and, therefore, may also be designated holocrine glands.

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15
Q

types of material produced by glands

A

serous
mucous
mixed

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16
Q

produce a thin, watery secretion

A

serous glands

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17
Q

Morphologically, they are wedge-shaped and possess a round nucleus. They may be the exclusive cell type found in a tubular, alveolar, or tubule-alveolar secretory unit.

A

serous cells

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18
Q

frequently are pear-shaped, but may be wedge-shaped sometimes. Their cytoplasm appears “frothy” and their nucleus often lies flat against the basal end of the cell. They, too, may be organized into tubular, acinar, or tubule-acinar secretory units.

A

mucous cells

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19
Q

a unicellular gland

A

goblet cell

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20
Q

goblet cell

A

The vesicles are filled with mucigen, a glycoprotein which forms mucin upon taking up water.

???

he mucus produced upon release of the mucigen is a clear viscous substance consisting of mucin, various salts, epithelial cells and leukocytes.

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21
Q

In the digestive tract, mucous produced by goblet cells serves as a ___-; whereas in the respiratory tract it serves to trap dust particles.

A

lubricant

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22
Q

simple, coiled tubular glands

A

sweat glands

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23
Q

merocrine sweat glands are found ___

A

found also in the foot pad of the cat and dog and the carpus of pigs

almost everywhere on human

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24
Q

___ sweat glands also occur in the pubic, perianal, and axillary regions, and in addition to producing sweat in these regions, they also produce an ___ which is amplified by bacteria that use the sweat as a nutrient source.

A

apocrine

odor

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25
Q

apocrine sweat glands are also known as ___.

A

scent glands

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26
Q

apocrine sweat glands are actually ___

A

eccrine

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27
Q

compound, tubule-acinar glands which lie outside of the mouth cavity.

A

salivary glands

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28
Q

___ surround the secretory units of salivary glands and help move product.

A

Myoepithelial cells

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29
Q

parotid gland show numerous lobules separated by connective tissue septa.

The interlobular ducts have a ___ columnar or cuboidal epithelium

A

bistratified

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30
Q

Striated ducts, (the larger of the intralobular ducts) are lined by a ____

A

simple columnar epithelium.

The fine striations, located between the nucleus and basement membrane, are formed from deep infoldings of the basal plasma membrane and from mitochondria

31
Q

the product from the acinus drains first into an ___ duct, lined by a simple cuboidal epithelium. Intercalated ducts drain into ___ ducts, which are lined by simple columnar cells. Striated ducts drain into ____ which have bistratified columnar or cuboidal epithelium.

A

intercalated

striated

interlobular ducts

32
Q

serous cell

A

wedge-shaped and are arranged around the tiny lumen of each tubule-acinar unit. The cytoplasm of the basal end of the cell is basophilic while that of the apical end is acidophilic and filled with secretory granules. The nucleus is round and is located in the basal half of the cell.

33
Q

example of serous gland

A

parotid

34
Q

Although the secretory units of the parotid gland usually consist exclusively of serous cells, mucous cells occur in some animals, e.g., ____

A

carnivores and lambs.

35
Q

Example of mixed gland, composed of both serous and mucous cells.

A

submaxillary
composed of both serous and mucous cells.

The submandibular is also a mixed gland in the dog, ruminants and man but is a serous gland in rodents.

36
Q

sublingual gland

A

mixed gland in small carnivores, horses, and people

but in pigs, cows, and sheep it is almost entirely a mucous gland.

37
Q

crescent-shaped caps of serous cells)

A

Serous demilunes

38
Q

myoepithelial cells.

A

between the basement membrane and the basal end of the secretory cells of salivary glands (also sweat and mammary glands)

contractile cells

squeeze their arms around the cells and move product

39
Q

the entire cell disintegrates to secrete its substance is ___ gland.

example ___

A

holocrine

sebaceous

40
Q

holocrine can empty onto ___

A

usually empty into the upper portion of a hair follicle

but in places such as the lip, clitoris, and glans of the penis, which are absent of hair, they open directly onto the epithelial surface

41
Q

how do holocrine glands work?

A

Within the gland, mitotically active stem cells lie along the outer edge of each alveolus. These cells give rise to cells that move into the interior of the alveolus where they synthesize a lipid secretory product. These secretion-laden cells eventually die, disintegrate, and are liberated into the excretory duct as an oily secretion known as sebum.

42
Q

sebaceous glands produce an oily secretion called ___

A

sebum

43
Q

In humans, sebaceous glands are found everywhere except the ___

A

palms of the hand and soles of the feet.

44
Q

The sheep’s ____ is a cutaneous gland located just in front of the eye and serves as a territorial marker. The skin of this region contains large sebaceous glands, portions of which will be clearly evident throughout the section.

A

infraorbital pouch

45
Q
A
  1. Goblet cells
  2. Jejunum epithelium
  3. Lamina propria
46
Q
A

equine skin

  1. Sweat glands
  2. Sebaceous glands
  3. Hair
47
Q
A

Equine Skin

  1. Sweat glands
  2. Hair
48
Q
A

Canine Lip

  1. Sweat glands
  2. Sebaceous glands
  3. Hair follicle
49
Q
A

Canine Lip

  1. Sweat glands
  2. Sebaceous glands
  3. Hair follicle
50
Q
A

Parotid Gland

  1. Lobule
  2. Intralobular ducts (striated ducts)
  3. Interlobular duct
  4. Interlobular connective tissue
51
Q
A

Parotid Gland

  1. Interlobular duct
  2. Bistratified cuboidal epithelium of duct
  3. Small artery
  4. Unmyelinated nerve
52
Q
A

Parotid Gland

  1. Intralobular duct (striated duct)
  2. Intralobular Intercalated duct with cuboidal epithelium
  3. Serous acinus
53
Q
A

Parotid Gland

  1. Intralobular duct (striated duct)
  2. Intralobular Intercalated duct with cuboidal epithelium
  3. Serous acinus
54
Q
A

Submaxillary Gland

  1. Lobule
  2. Intralobular ducts (striated ducts)
  3. Interlobular duct
  4. Interlobular connective tissue
55
Q
A

Submaxillary Gland

  1. Intralobular ducts (striated ducts)
  2. Mucous acinus
  3. Serous demilune
56
Q
A

Submaxillary Gland

  1. Intralobular ducts (striated ducts)
  2. Mucous acinus
  3. Serous demilune
57
Q
A

sublingual gland

  1. Interlobular duct
  2. Lobule containing secretory acini
58
Q
A

Sublingual

  1. Intralobular duct (striated duct)
  2. Mucous acinus
  3. Serous demilune
59
Q
A

Equine Skin

  1. Sebaceous glands
  2. Sweat glands
  3. Hair
60
Q
A

Equine skin

  1. Sebaceous glands
    • Note gland empties in follicle
  2. Empty hair follicle
61
Q
A

infraorbital pouch

  1. Epidermis
  2. Dermis
  3. Subcutis
  4. Sebaceous glands
62
Q
A

infraorbital pouch

  1. Sebaceous glands
63
Q
A

goblet cell

Simple Columnar Epithelium with Microvilli

64
Q

label

A
65
Q
A

sabeceous gland

66
Q
A

big circle: interlobular duct
little: intralobular duct

parotid gland of horse

67
Q
A

intercalated duct

68
Q

white cells?

A

goblet cells

69
Q

what type of gland

A

sweat gland

70
Q
A

myoepithelial cell

71
Q
A

sublingual gland

72
Q

duct?

A
73
Q
A

parotid gland of horse (salivary gland)

21 fall: histology (36 decks)

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