lecture 1 Flashcards by jillian Bastidas

tends to line and cover and form glands, cellular and avascular

epithelium

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is characterized by its matrix, tends to be supportive, most common cell type- mesenchyme

connective tissue

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contracts, causing movement and comes in three types: skeletal, cardiac and smooth, vascular

muscle

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generates and conducts electrical impulses and is composed of two cell types: neurons and glial cells

nervous tissue

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4 tissue types

epithelium
connective tissue
muscle
nervous tissue

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general features of lining epithelia

continusous sheets
servers as barrier
avascular
rests on a basement membrane
most are mitotically active

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three types of epithelia

lining
glands
special (endothelium lining of blood vessel)

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some functions of epithelial

mechanical protection
protection against dehydration
selective absorption (only want good stuff)
secretion and lubrication
digestion
transport
excretion
reproduction

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lining/ surface epithelia can be classified

number of cell layers

simple
stratified
pseudostratified

Height and shape

squamous
cuboidal
columnar
transitional

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simple squamous epithelia

single layer of flattened cells
function: exchange: sites of fluid, metabolite or gas exchange
Alveoli of lungs, Bowman’s capsule

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what is this and what type of epithelia do you see

bowman’s capsule

simple squamous epithelium

bulging nucleus, thin cell, little cytoplasm

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simple cuboidal epithelium

collecting ducts of nephrons and some glands

lining, secretion and absorption

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what kind of epithelium?

simple cubodial epithelium

thyroid gland

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Simple columnar epithelium

taller then wide, oval nucleus

small intestine, gallbladder and some glands
lining, secretory (mucus in the cervix), absorptive (let some things in and keep other things out)

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what kind of epithelium do you see?

simple columnar epithelium

gallbladder

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pseudostratified columnar epithelium

nucleus looks layered all squished together

trachea, epididymis fallopian tubes
lining, secretory, absorptive and movement

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what kind of epithelium

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

trachea

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Stratified squamous epithelium

keratinized

-found on most exposed surfaces of the body, skin

non keratinized

found in moist surfaces subject to wear and tear, esophagus
protection

what type of epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium

keratinized

from nose of cow

what type of epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium

from esophagus

non-keratinized

Stratified cuboidal epithelium

free surface of cells are cuboidal

rare, some glands

usually two layers

mammary gland

teat sinus

stratified columnar epithelium

free surface cells are columnar

rare, found in some large ducts

Transitional epithelium

stratified epithelium

nucleus round

surface cells are dome- shaped
found in ureter, urinary bladder
function: stretch to accommodate urine and prevent the loss of fluid to the urine

what type of epithelium

stratified transitional

nucleus round

urinary bladder

dome-shapped, can stretch

tight junction

zonula occludens brain and small intestine- don't want stuff getting in

incomplete junctions

fascia occludens capillary beds, want stuff to be able to "leak out"

intermediate junctions

zonula adherens prevent cell seperation

desmosomes

macula adherens (spot welds) -tight connections- prevent skin from tearing apart (stratified squamous epithelia heart cells

communicating junctions

gap junctions allow passage of ions and electrical signals between cells

Microvilli

microscopic cytoplasmic extensions for absorption and secretion found in intestine and kidneys fingerlike projections of the cell's plasma membrane and cytoplasm supported by a core of actin filaments stereocilla is a very long microvilli- epididymis has stereocilla

stereocillia are a type of \_\_\_

microvilli used for absorption and secretions epididymis has stereocillia

Cilia

motile 9+2 microtubule arrangment Flagella are similar to cilia Trachea and fallopian tubes have cilia Sperm have flagella

sperm have \_\_\_which is a type of \_\_\_

flagella cilia used for movement

trachea and fallopian tubes have ___ which are used for \_\_\_

cilia movement

microvilli are used for \_\_\_. ____ and ___ have microvilli

absorption and secretion small intestine, gallbladder and kidneys

what is at the border of these cells

small intestine microvilli increase surface area for increased absorption and secretion

what is at the border of these cells

cilia trachea movement- moves stuff up and out

4 types of connective tissue

connective tissue cartilage bone blood

oxygen and nutrients reach the cells of epithelia by \_\_\_

diffusion from underlying connective tissue

epithelial protects against dehydration by

producing a water proof layer or by producing mucus

keratinized stratified squamous epithelia

surface cells are squamous, but are dead and lack nuclei, bags of **Keratin** first line of defense against infection exposed surface of the body

\_\_\_ are fingerlike projections of the cell's plasma membrane and cytoplasm supported by a core of ___ filaments

microvilii actin

what kind of epithelium

1. Lumen 2. Bistratified cuboidal epithelium teat sinus mammary gland has same epithelium

. Bistratified cuboidal epithelium mammary gland