lecture 1 Flashcards
tends to line and cover and form glands, cellular and avascular
epithelium
is characterized by its matrix, tends to be supportive, most common cell type- mesenchyme
connective tissue
contracts, causing movement and comes in three types: skeletal, cardiac and smooth, vascular
muscle
generates and conducts electrical impulses and is composed of two cell types: neurons and glial cells
nervous tissue
4 tissue types
epithelium
connective tissue
muscle
nervous tissue
general features of lining epithelia
continusous sheets
servers as barrier
avascular
rests on a basement membrane
most are mitotically active
three types of epithelia
lining
glands
special (endothelium lining of blood vessel)
some functions of epithelial
- mechanical protection
- protection against dehydration
- selective absorption (only want good stuff)
- secretion and lubrication
- digestion
- transport
- excretion
- reproduction
lining/ surface epithelia can be classified
number of cell layers
- simple
- stratified
- pseudostratified
Height and shape
- squamous
- cuboidal
- columnar
- transitional
simple squamous epithelia
- single layer of flattened cells
- function: exchange: sites of fluid, metabolite or gas exchange
- Alveoli of lungs, Bowman’s capsule
what is this and what type of epithelia do you see
bowman’s capsule
simple squamous epithelium
bulging nucleus, thin cell, little cytoplasm
simple cuboidal epithelium
collecting ducts of nephrons and some glands
lining, secretion and absorption
what kind of epithelium?
simple cubodial epithelium
thyroid gland
Simple columnar epithelium
taller then wide, oval nucleus
- small intestine, gallbladder and some glands
- lining, secretory (mucus in the cervix), absorptive (let some things in and keep other things out)
what kind of epithelium do you see?
simple columnar epithelium
gallbladder
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
nucleus looks layered all squished together
- trachea, epididymis fallopian tubes
- lining, secretory, absorptive and movement
what kind of epithelium
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
trachea
Stratified squamous epithelium
keratinized
-found on most exposed surfaces of the body, skin
non keratinized
- found in moist surfaces subject to wear and tear, esophagus
- protection
what type of epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium
keratinized
from nose of cow
what type of epithelium
stratified squamous epithelium
from esophagus
non-keratinized
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
free surface of cells are cuboidal
rare, some glands
usually two layers
mammary gland
teat sinus
stratified columnar epithelium
free surface cells are columnar
rare, found in some large ducts
Transitional epithelium
stratified epithelium
nucleus round
- surface cells are dome- shaped
- found in ureter, urinary bladder
- function: stretch to accommodate urine and prevent the loss of fluid to the urine
what type of epithelium
stratified transitional
nucleus round
urinary bladder
dome-shapped, can stretch
tight junction
zonula occludens
brain and small intestine- don’t want stuff getting in
incomplete junctions
fascia occludens
capillary beds, want stuff to be able to “leak out”
intermediate junctions
zonula adherens
prevent cell seperation
desmosomes
macula adherens (spot welds)
-tight connections- prevent skin from tearing apart (stratified squamous epithelia
heart cells
communicating junctions
gap junctions
allow passage of ions and electrical signals between cells
Microvilli
microscopic cytoplasmic extensions for absorption and secretion
found in intestine and kidneys
fingerlike projections of the cell’s plasma membrane and cytoplasm supported by a core of actin filaments
stereocilla is a very long microvilli- epididymis has stereocilla
stereocillia are a type of ___
microvilli
used for absorption and secretions
epididymis has stereocillia
Cilia
motile
9+2 microtubule arrangment
Flagella are similar to cilia
Trachea and fallopian tubes have cilia
Sperm have flagella
sperm have ___which is a type of ___
flagella
cilia
used for movement
trachea and fallopian tubes have ___ which are used for ___
cilia
movement
microvilli are used for ___. ____ and ___ have microvilli
absorption and secretion
small intestine, gallbladder and kidneys
what is at the border of these cells
small intestine microvilli
increase surface area for increased absorption and secretion
what is at the border of these cells
cilia
trachea
movement- moves stuff up and out
4 types of connective tissue
connective tissue
cartilage
bone
blood
oxygen and nutrients reach the cells of epithelia by ___
diffusion from underlying connective tissue
epithelial protects against dehydration by
producing a water proof layer or by producing mucus
keratinized stratified squamous epithelia
surface cells are squamous, but are dead and lack nuclei, bags of Keratin
first line of defense against infection
exposed surface of the body
___ are fingerlike projections of the cell’s plasma membrane and cytoplasm supported by a core of ___ filaments
microvilii
actin
what kind of epithelium
- Lumen
- Bistratified cuboidal epithelium
teat sinus
mammary gland has same epithelium
. Bistratified cuboidal epithelium
mammary gland
