Terms Flashcards
1
Q
applied to a horse that is sensitive about the head and jerks away when touched
A
Headshy
1
Q
an acquired habit that is annoying, or may interfere with the horse’s usefulness. ex. cribbing
A
Vice
2
Q
the fore part of a horse; the forelegs, head, and shoulders is referred to what?
A
Forehand
3
Q
Proper balance or relationship of all parts is called what?
A
Symmetrical
4
Q
any mark or blemish that imapairs usefulness; also called a defect
A
Unsoundness
5
Q
unsoundness; cloudy or opaque appearance of the eye
A
Cataract
6
Q
unsoundness; impaired vision or blindness
A
Defective Eyes
7
Q
unsoundness; inflamed swelling of poll
A
Poll Evil
8
Q
blemish; outward arched profile of the nose area
A
Roman Nose
9
Q
unsoundess; lower jaw is shorter than upper jaw. Also called parrot mouth
A
Overshot Jaw
10
Q
unsoundness or blemish; inflamed swelling of withers
A
Fistula of Withers
11
Q
unsoundness; atrophy or decrease in size of a single muscle or group of muscles, usually found in shoulders
A
Sweeny
12
Q
blemish; soft, flabby swelling at the point of elbow
A
Shoe Boil / Capped Elbow
13
Q
unsoundness, faulty conformation; over on the knees
A
Buck Knee / Knee-sprun
14
Q
unsoundness; enlarged, stretched flexor tendons behind the cannon bones
A
Bowed Tendons
15
Q
unsoundness; bony growth above and toward the rear quarter of hoof head
A
Side Bone
16
Q
unsoundness; fistula of the hoof head
A
Quittor
17
Q
blemish; vertical split in the wall of the hoof
A
Quarter / Sand Crack
18
Q
unsoundness; difficult breathing, lung damage
A
Heaves
19
Q
unsoundness; difficult breathing due to an obstruction, usually in larynx
A
Roaring
20
Q
unsoundness; protrusion of internal organs through the wall (hernia) of the body.
A
Rupture
21
Q
faulty conformation; the condition of having a distinct fall or scoop in that portion of the back between the shoulders and hindquarters
A
Sway Back
22
Q
unsoundness; displaced patella of stifle joint
A
Stifled
23
Q
nervous disorder characterized by excessive jerking of the hind leg
A
Stringhalt
24
unsoundness; puffy swelling which appears on upper part of hock and in front of the large tendon
Thoroughpin
25
blemish or unsoundness; enlargement on point of hock. progresses from blemish to unsoundness
Capped Hock
26
unsoundness; meaty, soft swelling occuring on inner front part of hock
Bog Spavin
27
unsoundness; bony growth usually found on inside lower point of hock
Bone Spavin / Jack Spavin
28
unsoundness; hard swelling on back surface of rear cannon about four inches below point of hock
Curb
29
unsoundness; usually in hind feet, horse stands bent forward, due to contracted tendons
Cocked Ankle
30
blemish; swelling of vein usually below seat of bog spavin
Blood Spavin
31
the science of the structure of the animal body and the relation of its parts
Anatomy
32
the corner incisors or those located back and adjacent to the forward edge of the interdental space (third set of incisors)
Corners
33
the centrally located upper and lower incisors
Centers
34
a bad habit of some horses in which the animal grasps the manger or other object with the incisor teeth, arches the neck, makes peculiar movements with the head, and swallows quanitities of air. also called wind-sucking
Cribbing
35
the top of a tooth protruding above the gum
Crown of Tooth
36
the hollow space on the wearing surface of an incisor
Cups
37
A star shaped or circle like structure near the center of the wearing surface of the permanent incisors. not used for acurate age determination
Dental Star
38
slender teeth in front used for biting grass, feed, etc.
Incisor
39
parallel to the long part of a tooth
Longitudinal (lengthwise)
40
the part of the tooth between the crown and root, located at the surface of the gums
Neck of Tooth
41
refers to the amount of use or wear observed on the biting surface of the incisors
Wear
42
appears at upper corner incisor at 10 years old, extends halfway down tooth at 15, and reaches wearing surface at 20. disappears at gum and is completely gone by 30.
Galvayne's Groove
43
an abnormal condition that an animal possesses at birth
Congenital
44
the progeny of a stallion
Get
45
the progeny of a mare
Produce
46
normal cell division
Mitosis
47
cell division that produces sex cells
Meiosis
48
glands located along the urethra of the male. produce fluids to nourish and preserve sperm.
Accessory Glands
49
includes the cervix and vagina of a female. the organs through which the unborn animal passes at birth
Birth Canal
50
removal of the testicles from a male. also: to alter, to geld
Castration
51
the narrow passage between the female's vagina and uterus
Cervix
52
a male foal
Colt
53
a solid mass that forms in the follicle after the egg has left. produces a hormone which helps maintain pregnancy. prevents other follicles from developing while the unborn animal is growing in the uterus
Corpus Luteum
54
a mass of tubes conected to the testicle. used to store sperm
Epididymis
55
hormones that stimulate the development and maintenance of feminine sexual characters. the principle hormones are: estradiol, estrone, estriol
Estrogenic Hormones
56
the period commonly called "heat"
Estrus
57
the sperm entering the egg
Fertilization
58
the unborn animal as it develops in the uterus
Fetus
59
a bubble-like structure on the ovary which contains an egg
Follicle
60
comes from the pituitary and causes follicle growth
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
61
the length of time for the development of the foal from time of fertilization to it's birth, about 11 months
Gestation Period
62
a body-regulating chemical secreted by a gland into the blood stream
Hormone
63
the funnel-like membrane that surrounds the ovary. It catches the egg when it is released by the ovary
Infundibulum
64
produced by the pituitary and regulates corpus luteim in female and testosterone secretion in male
Luteinizing Hormone
65
the dense center of the cell which contains genetic material
Nucleus
66
a female organ that produces eggs. there are 2.
Ovary
67
the tube which carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus
Oviduct
68
the time when the follicle bursts and the egg is released
Ovulation
69
scientific name for egg, the female reproductive cell
Ovum
70
the membrane by which the fetus is attached to the uterus. Nutrients from the mother pass into this and then through the naval chord to the fetus. When the animal is born, this is expelled, commonly called the "after-birth"
Placenta
71
the gland is located at the base of the brain and secretes hormones which regulates the body
Pituitary
72
the time during which the fertilized egg develops in the uterus
Pregnancy
73
a steroid hormone secreted by the hypertrophied cells of the corpus leteum. Aids in the development of the uterus for implantation and effective nutrition of the embryo
Progesterone
74
a hormone produced in the anterior pituitary gland. Starts lactation. In the case of nursing mothers, milk secretion is stimulated
Prolactin
75
a male horse that has retained one or both testicles in his body cavity
Ridgling
76
the egg and the sperm. they transmit genetic material from parents to offspring
Sex Cells
77
the sac-like pouch that suspends the testicles outside of the male
Scrotum
78
male sex cells produced in the testicles
Sperm
79
sperm mixed with fluids from the accessory glands
Semen
80
an unaltered male horse
Stallion
81
a male gland which produces sperm. there are 2.
Testicle
82
the tube through which both semen and urine pass through the penis of the male
Urethra
83
the canal which leads from the uterus to outside the female. Sperm is deposited there by the male. The fetus passes through this at birth
Vagina
84
the muscular, spongy organ of the female where the unborn animal develops, commonly called the womb
Uterus
85
the tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra of the male
Vas Deferens
86
a feed constituent that aids in the support of life
Nutrient
87
the less digestable form of carbohydrates found in feedstuffs
Fiber
88
complex compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which mainly supply building material for the body
Proteins
89
compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which mainly supply energy to the body
Carbohydrates
90
the amount of a nutrient found in feed
Crude / Total Nutrient
91
that part of each nutrient which is digested, taken into the body, and utilized
Digestable Nutrient
92
that part of the total or crude protein of a feed that can be utilized by the animal
Digestive Protein
93
the entire feed allowed to an animal during a 24-hour day whether all is given at one time or at different times
Ration
94
a ration that contains all of the digestible nutrients that will properly nourish an animal for 24 hours
Balanced Ration
95
a ration that furnishes just enough of each of the nutreints required to support an animal, which is doing no work and yielding no product, so that it will neither gain nor lose weight
Maintenance Ration
96
the sum of the digestible protein, digestible carbohydrates, and digestible fat
Total Digestible Nutrients
97
what is left in a feed sample after the water has been removed
Dry Matter
98
minerals that are needed in very small amounts for the normal functioning of the body
Trace Minerals
99
a plant pigment that is the precursor of vitamin A
Carotene
100
the part of the ration that is a concentrated form of one or more of the essential nutrients
Supplement
101
chemical substances used in the treatment of infectious diseases
Antibiotics
102
a feedstuff produced as a secondary product in the manufacturing of another feed, usually a grain. Wheat bran is the outer layer of the grain kernel.
By-Product Feed
103
drugs that cause contraction of infected areas, such as tannic acid, alum and zinc oxide or sulphate
Astringent
104
a diseased condition
Pathological
105
one who is trained and skilled in the treating of diseases and injuries of animals
Veterinarian
106
a reduction in the hemoglobin of red blood cells with a deficiency of oxygen in the blood
Anemia
107
a substance capable of destroying or eliminating parasitic worms
Anthelmintic
108
inflammation of the bronchial tubes (extensions of the windpipe)
Bronchitis
109
an acute abdominal pain; may be caused by a great variety of disorders
Colic
110
the lodgment of an abnormal or foreign particle, such as a blood clot, in a tube or canal of the circulatory, with the tube being too small to permit its passage
Embolism
111
organisms in the early stages of development
Embryos
112
an insect which carries and transmits disease-causing microorganisms
Insect Vector
113
the immature, wormlike form into which insects hatch the egg.
Larva
114
a soft-boddied, grub like, footless larva of an insect; applied especially to forms living in decaying matter
Maggot
115
to cast off or shed the hair, feathers, horns, outer layer of skin, etc., being replaced by new growth
Molt
116
an intermediate, usually motionless, form assumed by metabolic insects after the larval stage, and maintained until the beginning development of the adult stage
Pupa
117
abnormal passage connecting an abscess or hollow organ to the body surface or connecting two hollow organs
Fistula
