2012 eastern nationals Flashcards
Question
Answer
What is the name for the famous Thoroughbred horse that was referred to as the original ?Big Red??
A. Man-O-War
What slang term refers to a racing stable employee who walks a hot horse after a race or workout?
A. Hot walker
What term refers to the right side of the horse?
Off side or far side
Q. Which gait is commonly referred to as the ?plantation gait??
A. Running walk
Q. Healthy horses usually have what body condition score?
A. 4 to 6 (accept anything within that range)
- C2 Q. What type of equipment is described as a cross between a cavesson and a figure eight noseband?
A. Flash noseband
- C3 Q. What is the result of breeding a donkey and a stallion?
A. Hinny
- C4 Q. What current breed was formerly known as the ?Palouse horse??
A. Appaloosa
- C1 Q. In general what does the prefix ?hepato? indicate?
A. Condition related to the liver
- C2 Q. What is the common term for the behavior referred to as dominance hierarchy?
A. Pecking order
- C3 Q. A grain that has been processed by rolling the kernels between corrugated rollers would be described as what type of processing?
A. Crimped or crimping
- C4 Q. What type of knot forms the eye of the lariat that the rope passes through to form a loop?
A. Honda
- Q. What type of Western saddle is being described? It usually has no horn; its most notable feature is the high ?thigh rolls? located near the front of the saddle and it is often used for trail riding.
A. Australian saddle
- Q. The withers, back, coupling and croup are collectively referred to by what conformation term?
A. Top line
- Q. Identify two types of teeth that would be present at birth or erupt within the first 2 weeks of life.
A. Deciduous central incisors and premolars (must specify central incisors but do not need to include deciduous in answer)
- Q. Identify two general physiological processes in the horse that are affected by the length of daylight.
A. Hair coat; female reproduction (estrous cycles); male reproduction (testosterone production, sperm production)
- Q. What term refers to the feces of a foal and is described as a yellow pasty material indicating that the meconium has been passed?
A. Milk feces
- Q. What breed of horse is described as a combination of any breeds that are not 100% hot-blood or 100% cold-blood?
A. Warmblood
- Q. You are an equine construction specialist and are preparing a site for a new barn. In regards to topography, what would be your recommendation for grading the soil to facilitate proper drainage and prevent erosion?
A. Slope of 2 to 6 percent
- Q. The ingestion of which two plants would result in the condition nigropallidal encephalomalacia?
A. Yellow Star Thistle (Centaurea solstitialis) and Russian Knapweed (Centaurea repens)
- Q. A spavin is a disease of the hock joint. What are the four different types of spavins?
A. Blind spavin (occult spavin), Bone spavin (true spavin or jack spavin), Blood spavin and Bog spavin
- Q. What is the name of the person who looks after the horses on a trail ride?
A. Wrangler
- Q. Which current breed of horse was previously known as a Golden Isabella?
A. Palomino
- Q. Which internal parasite larvae cause the skin lesions known as ?summer sores??
A. Stomach worms (Habronema)
- Q. Describe a four-in-hand hitch.
A. Two pairs with one pair in front of the other
- Q. What are the three basic types of forward seat saddles?
A. All purpose, close contact (also accept jumping) and dressage
- Q. Identify four general reasons why a horse may refuse a feed.
A. Illness or disease Overfeeding, insufficient water, something is wrong with feed, dental problems, sore tounge or mouth, not familiar with food, horse is stressed
A. Illness or disease Overfeeding
Insufficient water Something is wrong with the feed
- Q. Which nerve is responsible for motor control of the eyelid, ear and facial muscles?
A. Facial nerve
- Q. You are completing a cross country race and are approaching a brush fence with a white flag on the right side of the obstacle. What does this indicate?
A. You are approaching the fence from the wrong direction (the white flag should be on the left side of the obstacle)
- Q. Lethal white foal syndrome is a genetic lethal associated with which specific color pattern?
A. Frame overo (must specify ?frame? overo)
- Q. What breed is a result of crossing an Arabian and American Saddlebred horse?
A. National Show Horse
- Q. In regards to evolution, which ancestor of the horse was the first to have the 2 side toes transformed into splint bones?
A. Pliohippus
- C1 Q. What term describes a splotch of dark color on a base coat color?
A. ?Blood mark?
- C2 Q. What anatomical structure receives oxygenated blood from the left gastric artery?
A. Stomach
- C3 Q. What is the second race in the Triple Crown for 3 year old Thoroughbreds?
A. Preakness
- C4 Q. What canine-related phrase is a slang term for a horse that is weak in its coupling and shallow in the flank?
A. Hound-gutted
- C1 Q. Winging-in is associated with what conformation defect?
A. Splay footed (toed-out)
- C2 Q. Vesicular stomatitis is a viral disease that results in the formation of vesicles in the mouth and on the lips, hooves and teats. What is a vesicle?
A. Fluid filled sac (blister)
- C3 Q. Green forage is an important source of which essential vitamin?
A. Vitamin A
- C4 Q. Which type of bit may be used as a snaffle or a curb and is commonly used on heavy harness or plow horses?
A. Liverpool bit
- C1 Q. In general, what type of fencing is considered to have the longest life expectancy?
A. PVC (vinyl)
- C2 Q. A thin protrusion of metal on the ground surface of the toe of a racing plate is known as what shoe alteration
A. Toe grab (toe grip)
- C3 Q. Which endocrine gland is responsible for the maintenance of calcium levels in the blood?
A. Parathyroid (also accept thyroid due to the hormone calcitonin)
- C4 Q. Who is the foundation sire for the American Albino?
A. Old King
- Q. For what length of time are sperm viable in the reproductive tract of the mare?
A. 48 to 72 hours (accept anything within that range)
- Q. What sensory deficit is exhibited in Belgian horses with the genetic condition aniridia?
A. Sight (also accept blindness although aniridia does not always cause blindness)
- Q. Identify two other terms for the blemish commonly referred to as mud fever.
A. Grease, grease heel, scratches, cracked heel
- Q. Describe three methods that can be used to help establish a patent or effective airway for a foal that is not breathing after delivery.
A. Clear and remove fetal membranes from over nostrils, place foal on sternum (head outstreached with rear end elevated), gently remove fluid from nostrils with fingers, tickle inside of nose to induce sneezing, suction fluids from mouth using a bulb syringe, rub with towels.
A. Clear and remove fetal membranes from over nostrils
Place foal on sternum (head outstretched with rear end elevated)
- Q. In general, you should graze horses when forages are 6-8 inches high. What type of forage is an exception to this rule?
A. Kentucky bluegrass or White clover (ladino) (can be grazed at 4 inches)
- Q. You are the conditioning veterinarian judge for an endurance trail ride. What condition would these vital signs indicate? Temperature 102 degrees, heart rate 80 beats/minute and respirations 100 breaths per minute.
A. Inversion (respiratory rate higher than the pulse rate)
- Q. A caudal epidural anesthetic would result in numbness in what areas of the horse?
A. Hind legs (also accept pelvic and groin regions)
- Q. Other than salt, identify two other minerals that would be found in trace mineralized salt.
A. Manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, iodine or zinc
- Q. What specific color would be the result of a single dilution of the following three colors with the dominant dun dilution gene?black, bay and chestnut?
A. Black ? grullo; bay-zebra dun, chestnut - red dun
- Q. What is the correct category for the behavior described as contagious or infectious behavior?
A. Allelomimetic
- Q. What type of bar shoe would be used for a horse with navicular disease?
A. Egg bar (do not accept heart bar)
- Q. What is the common term for the disease Borreliosis?
A. Lyme Disease
- Q. What mineral is essential for the synthesis of vitamin B12?
A. Cobalt
- Q. Which two parasites are most common in foals up to 6 months old?
A. Roundworms (parascaris equorum), threadworms (strogyloides westeri)
- Q. From distal to proximal identify the three parts of the small intestine.
A. Ileum, jejunum and duodenum
- Q. Plant poisoning from consumption of Milkweed would be treated as what type of sudden death poisoning?
A. Cardiac (cardiac glycoside) sudden death poisoning
- Q. What term refers to the team of horses behind the lead team in an 8-horse hitch?
A. Point team
- Q. Your horse sustained a laceration and has bright red blood spurting from the wound. What would be your initial action to control the bleeding?
A. Direct pressure to the wound
- Q. Which farrier tool would be used to correct a flare?
A. Rasp
- Q. What breed was developed by the east coast Indians?
A. Chickasaw
- C1 Q. What type of joint is an enarthrosis?
A. Ball and socket
- C2 Q. What term refers to the 7 « or 8 minute time period in a polo match?
A. Chukka (also accept chukker)
- C3 Q. In general, what does the prefix ?cysto? refer to?
A. Bladder
- C4 Q. Which type of pack saddle is rigged for a double cinch?
A. Crossbuck (sawbuck)
- C1 Q. What type of shoe would be a good choice for a horse that needs temporary shoe protection until the hooves can grow out enough to handle nailing a shoe in place?
A. Glue-on shoe
- C2 Q. What is the scientific name for the common horse bot?
A. Gastrophilus intestinalis
- C3 Q. Blood is pulled from the peripheral circulation to the internal vital organs in a horse with shock. How would this physiological process affect the capillary refill time?
A. Delayed or slower capillary refill
- C4 Q. Which type of melanin controls the expression of red and yellow pigment?
A. Pheomelanin
- C1 Q. There are 5 walk gaits in a dressage test. Which of these would have a footfall pattern where the hind feet touch the ground behind the footprints of the forefeet?
A. Collected walk
- C2 Q. Identify one of the breeds that the Tennessee Walking Horse was developed from.
A. Standardbred, Morgan or Narragansett pacer
- C3 Q. A feed containing 10% crude protein and 15% crude fiber would be appropriate for what type of horse?
A. Mature idle horse or horse with minimal work
- C4 Q. Thrombocytes are commonly referred to as what type of blood cells?
A. Platelets
- Q. You do the math?How many furlongs is a 1 « mile race?
A. 12 furlongs (1 furlong equals 1/8 mile)
- Q. What are you doing if you are fuzztail running?
A. Herding and catching wild horses
- Q. Identify the three ?rough stock? events at a rodeo.
A. Saddle bronc riding, bareback riding and bull riding
- Q. Identify three of the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary.
A. Growth hormone (GH) Adrenocortocotropin (ACTH) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Follice stimulating hormone (FSH) Thyrotropin (thyroid stimulating hormone TSH), Prolactin
A. Growth hormone (GH) Adrenocortocotropin (ACTH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH) Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Q. What term refers to the mounted horseman who rode on the outside of a stagecoach for protection from bandits?
A. Outrider
- Q. In general, what does the prefix ?leuko? refer to?
A. White blood cells
- Q. What type of negative reinforcement would be demonstrated by a horse moving away from pressure to avoid a more severe pressure?
A. Avoidance
- Q. (Two Part) In regards to maturity, what is the term that describes the optimal growth stage for harvesting legumes and what is the optimal growth stage for harvesting grasses?
A. Legumes ? bud or vegetative stage (just prior to when the legumes flower); Grasses ? early or boot stage (when grasses begin to show heads through the sheath)
- Q. Premature separation of the placenta during parturition resulting in hypoxia is a known cause for neonatal maladjustment syndrome. Identify three terms used to describe these foal as they progress through the stages of this disorder.
A. Wanderer, dummy, convulsive or barker foal
- Q. The process that uses intense cold to destroy the pigments cells of the skin and that is used for identification of livestock is known as what procedure?
A. Freeze branding
- Q. What is the specific location of the metatarsalphalangeal joint?
A. Hind fetlock joint (must specify hind for correct answer) (may also accept hind ankle or hind ankle joint)
- Q. When looking at the feed tag for the concentrate you are currently feeding you notice the abbreviation GRAS. What does GRAS indicate?
A. Generally Recognized as Safe (safe for animal consumption)
- Q. During the past 6 months horses across the United States were more likely to ingest poisonous plants due to what predominant weather condition?
A. Drought conditions
- Q. (Two Part) What is the primary function of FSH in the mare and what is the primary function in the stallion?
A. Mare ? stimulates growth of follicles in the ovaries
- Q. Stainless steel is the most common material bits are made from. Identify four other materials bits are made from.
A. German silver, solid nickel (or Never Rust), copper, aluminum, rubber, vulcanite or happy mouth
- Q. What is the main physiological function of erythrocytes?
A. Transport oxygen in the blood
- Q. What is the only draft horse breed recognized as originating in the United States?
A. American Cream
- Q. If hay is stored above stalls, the bales of hay should be at least how far from the outside walls to allow hot, moist air to escape?
A. At least 12 inches
- Q. What is the common term for the external parasite of the tabanids species?
A. Horse fly
- Q. In general, in regards to the horse, what designates a fall?
A. When both the shoulder and quarter (hip area) on the same side touch the ground
- C1 Q. What color dilution is often referred to as type B albino?
A. Perlino
- C2 Q. Touching the saddle with a free hand is referred to by the slang term ?pulling leather? and is a disqualification in what rodeo event?
A. Saddle bronc riding
- C3 Q. What term refers to the female side of the pedigree?
A. Distaff side (also accept dam side)
- C4 Q. What type of sudden death poisoning would be the result of ingestion of water hemlock?
A. Alkaloid sudden death
- C1 Q. What anatomical structure in the horse is described as a diverticulum of the auditory tube?
A. Guttural pouch
- C2 Q. What is the difference between a roached mane and a hogged mane?
A. Hogged mane is clipped to a length of no more than 3 inches; roached mane is clipped close to the skin (less than 3 inches)
- C3 Q. When fox hunting, what does the cry holloa indicate?
A. The fox has been sighted
- C4 Q. In general, what does the suffix ?itis? indicate?
A. Inflammation
- C1 Q. What is unique in the horse in regards to respiratory frequency and stride frequency, especially at the gallop?
A. 1:1 ratio (respiratory rate equals number of strides)
- C2 Q. What specific term refers to the prophylactic surgical procedure that would be used for a pregnant broodmare with pneumovagina?
A. Caslick?s
- C3 Q. What is the diploid number of chromosomes for a donkey?
A. 62 diploid chromosomes
- C4 Q. What phase of the stride occurs when all 4 feet are off the ground?
A. Period of suspension
- Q. What term refers to bursts of white on a gray coat color?
A. Rosettes
- Q. What would be the general location of the manubrium and xiphoid process?
A. Sternum
- Q. Identify two specific types of parasites that would cause pruritis ani.
A. Pinworms (oxyuris equi), tail mane mite (chorioptes equi), biting louse (damalina equi)
- Q. Identify three of the four breeds that the Paso Fino breed was developed from.
A. Andalusian, Barb, Spanish Jennet and Friesian
- Q. A broodmare whose foal is in a ?flexed capri? position would need what problem corrected to enable normal vaginal delivery?
A. Knees are bent, so the foal would need repositioned and the front legs straightened into normal position for delivery
- Q. What type of electric fence is considered to be safer because it is more visible and less injurious to the horse?
A. Electric tape
- Q. What is the term for the Australian game on horseback that is based on polo and lacrosse?
A. Polo crosse
- Q. Identify the three general types of clinchers or clinching tongs.
A. Saddle horse, gooseneck and draft horse
- Q. Identify six of the macro-minerals required by the horse.
A. Calcium Sodium, phosphorus chloride, potassium magnesium, sulfur
- Q. In general, what does the prefix ?desmo? indicate?
A. Ligament
- Q. What type of bit is non-allergic?
A. Happy Mouth
- Q. There are 2 viruses that cause Rhinopneumonitis. Which of these can result in respiratory and neurologic symptoms as well as abortion in pregnant mares?
A. EHV-1 (Equine Herpes Virus 1)
- Q. You do the math? If the cardiac output is 35 liters and the heart rate is 35 beats per minute?What is the stroke volume?
A. 1 liter
- Q. In general, for successful ejaculation of the stallion, an artificial vagina must provide what two physical characteristics ?
A. Must provide warmth and pressure
- Q. Your job at a breeding farm is management of the pregnant broodmares. Identify four management practices you follow in regards to herd management to prevent an abortion storm.
A. Isolate all new arrivals for at least 21 days, keep pregnant mares separated from weanlings and other horses, do not mix maiden mares with older mares, divide pregnant mares into small groups by stage of pregnancy, keep mares in a group until all have foaled, if pregnant mares are moved off the farm and later return-do not reintroduce them into the original group, if a foster mare is introduced do not place her in a group with other mares, maintain all pregnant mares on a vaccination program
A. Isolate all new arrivals for at least 21 days
Keep pregnant mares separated from weanlings and other horses
- Q. What hormone is primarily responsible for diestrus?
A. Progesterone
- Q. What is the common term for the tuber coxae?
A. Hip
- Q. Sidebones are a condition associated with ossification of the collateral (or lateral) cartilages. What term refers to the condition that occurs when the collateral cartilages become infected?
A. Quittor
- Q. Which contains more crude fiber ? complete feeds or long stem hay?
A. Long stem hay
A. Long stem hay
S. HIH 741-1 780/3
- Q. Identify two different medical terms for the condition commonly referred to as moon blindness?
A. Periodic opthalmia, recurrent uveitis
- C1 Q. At what age are all of the permanent incisors in place?
A. 4 « years
- C2 Q. What two criteria determine the winner of an ?against the clock? jumping competition?
A. The rider with the fastest time and the fewest faults
- C3 Q. What breed is being described? Dun color with a dorsal stripe and black mane and tail. Breed that has survived since the Ice Age and originated in Mongolia.
A. Asiatic Wild Horse (also accept Mongolian Wild Horse and Przewalski?s Horse)
- C4 Q. Would the corium be considered to be part of the dermis or epidermis?
A. Dermis
- C1 Q. The breeding of a sire with a daughter would be an example of what specific type of breeding?
A. Inbreeding (also accept close breeding) (do not accept linebreeding)
- C2 Q. What two breeds were combined in the development of the Azteca?
A. Andalusian and Quarter Horse
- C3 Q. In general, what does the prefix ?arthro? describe?
A. Joints
- C4 Q. Would a feed with a 2% or 5% crude fiber have a higher digestible energy?
A. Feed with 2% crude fiber
- C1 Q. What does the abbreviation PSSM indicate?
A. Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy