TEAS 7 - Science (Physical Properties of Matter)

Question 1

___ ___ is a property that depends on the amount of substance in a sample.

Answer 1

Extensive property

Question 2

The characteristics that define matter are known as ___.

Answer 2

properties

Question 2

Extensive property is property that depends on the ___ of substance in a sample.

Answer 2

amount

Question 3

___ ___ is a property that does not depend on the amount of substance in a sample.

Answer 3

Intensive property

Question 3

The characteristics that define matter are known as ___. These properties can be ___ or ___, which depends on whether the properties depend on the amount of matter or a substance.

Answer 3

properties

intensive

extensive

Question 4

Physical properties of matter are any properties of matter that can be ___ or ___. Physical properties include elasticity, mass, volume, color, and temperature.

Answer 4

observed

measured

Question 5

___ is a measure of the force that gravity exerts on an object.

Answer 5

Weight

Question 5

___ properties of matter are any properties of matter that can be observed or measured.

Answer 5

Physical properties

Question 5

There are a couple of ways to determine volume.

First, if the object is ___ shaped, you can multiply the length by the width by the object’s depth.

Second, if the object is ___ shaped you can measure the volume via ___ displacement (using a set amount of water and dropping the object into the water and measuring the difference in the volume of water).

Answer 5

regularly

irregularly

water

Question 5

___ is a measure of the amount of substance within an object.

Answer 5

Mass

Question 6

___ is a measure of the amount of space an object occupies.

Answer 6

Volume

Question 7

___ is a measure of how fast molecules are moving in a substance. The more molecular movement, the ___ the temperature. It’s a measure of the internal energy of the substance.

Answer 7

Temperature

higher

Question 8

___ is a measure of energy transfer – it’s the amount of energy transferred from one substance to another.

Answer 8

Heat

Question 8

___ is the measure of the amount of mass per unit of volume. To determine the density of an object, you divide the mass of the object by the volume (D=m/v). It is expressed in terms of cubic unit (such as g/cm3 )

Answer 8

Density

Question 9

The ___ ___ is the temperature and pressure at which a solid turns into a liquid (and vice versa).

Answer 9

Melting Point

Question 9

The ___ ___ is the temperature and pressure at which a liquid turns into a gas (and vice versa).

Answer 9

Boiling Point

Question 10

___ ___ ___ is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by a certain unit of temperature.

Answer 10

Specific Heat Capacity

Question 11

Extensive properties change as the ___ of a substance changes.

Answer 11

amount

Question 12

Imagine you have a glass of water. If you were to double the amount of water, the volume of the water would also double.

Same with mass – doubling the amount of water would also double its mass

Thus, volume and mass are examples of ___ properties.

Answer 12

extensive

Question 12

___ properties change as the amount of a substance changes.

Answer 12

Extensive properties

Question 12

Length, mass, heat, and volume are examples of ___ properties.

Answer 12

extensive

Question 13

___ ___ do not change as the amount of substance changes.

Answer 13

Intensive properties

Question 14

Intensive properties do ___ change as the amount of substance changes.

Answer 14

not

Question 15

Density, temperature, melting point, malleability, boiling point, specific heat capacity, and luster are examples of ___ properties.

Answer 15

intensive

Question 16

Intensive properties are unique to each substance and stay ___ regardless of the amount of a substance.

Answer 16

consistent

Question 16

Imagine a small drop of hot oil at a high temperature. That small drop can cause minor burns; however, a large amount of hot oil can cause severe damage. Even though the small drop and the large amount of oil are at the same temperature (___ property), the amount of heat transferred to the skin (___ property) depends on the amount of substance.

Answer 16

intensive property

extensive property

Question 16

It doesn’t matter how much water you have; the boiling point will always be the same.

The density of water will always be the same, no matter how much you have.

Thus, the boiling point and density are examples of ___ properties.

Answer 16

intensive

Question 17

___ is a property that measures the space taken up by a substance.

Answer 17

Volume

Question 17

___ is the ratio between the mass and the volume of a substance.

Answer 17

Density

Question 18

___ is a property that measures the amount of matter of a substance.

Answer 18

Mass

Question 18

What weighs more – one pound of lead or one pound of feathers? They actually weigh the same! But which occupies more space? The pound of feathers, for sure! This illustrates the concept of ___.

Even though lead and feathers have the same mass, the ___ dense object will occupy ___ space.

Answer 18

density

less

more

Question 19

Density is defined as the ratio of a substance’s ___ over the substance’s ___.

Answer 19

mass

volume

Question 20

For example, if you were asked to find the density of a substance that had a mass of 36.7 grams and a volume of 3cm³, how would you solve it?

Answer 20

Density = 36.7 g / 3 cm³

Divide 36.7g by 3 cm³

Density = 12.233 g/cm³

Question 20

When a solid is placed in a liquid, it will sink or float depending on the object’s ___ ___ to the liquid.

Answer 20

relative density

Question 21

The formula to calculate density is d = m/v, where d is the ___ (measured in kg/m³), m is the ___ (measured in kg), and v is the ___ (measured in m³).

Answer 21

density

mass

volume

Question 22

If the solid has a greater density than the liquid, the object will ___.

Answer 22

sink

Question 22

if the solid has a lower density than the liquid, the object will ___.

Answer 22

float

Question 22

For example, the relative density of water is one gram per cubic centimeter, while steel’s density is about eight grams per cubic centimeter. What does this difference in density mean?

Answer 22

since the steel is denser (it has a higher density) than the water, it will sink in the water

Question 23

___ is the ratio between mass and volume (D = m/v).

Answer 23

Density

Question 24

Density (D = m/v) means that as an object’s mass increases, its density increases, and as its volume increases, its density decreases.

Answer 24

increases

decreases

Question 25

A material’s density is always the same, this means it is an ___ property.

Answer 25

intensive

Question 25

We know that density is an ___ property. If the density of iron is 7.87 g/cm³, this means that any solid piece of iron will have the ___ density of 7.87 g/cm³.

Answer 25

intensive

same

Question 26

An object’s density depends on its ___.

Answer 26

shape

Question 27

The density of water is about 1.00 g/cm³, so how could we make iron (a boat) float on top of water?

Answer 27

object density

Question 28

That’s why boats made of iron are made of very ___ sheets of metal with a hollow space full of air. This makes the object’s density ___ than the material’s density, which means that an object’s density can be modified through its ___ to have a low density, even if it’s made from a high-density material.

Answer 28

thin

lower

shape

Question 29

Volume measures the ___ occupied by an object.

Answer 29

space

Question 29

Volume is an ___ property of matter. This means its value changes if and when the amount of a substance changes. So, if the ___ of something changes, so does its volume.

Answer 29

extensive

amount

Question 29

___ is a property that measures the space taken up by a substance.

Answer 29

Volume

Question 30

Although we typically talk about the volume of liquids, ___ forms of matter have volume.

Answer 30

all

Question 30

To find the volume of a regularly shaped object, we can use a mathematical ___.

Answer 30

formula

Question 30

One useful relationship between different units of volume is the relationship 1 cm3 = 1 ___ or 1 ___ = 1 L

Answer 30

1 mL

1 m3

Question 30

This means that if we want to decrease the density of a boat made of iron, we need to either decrease its ___ or increase its ___.

Answer 30

mass

volume

Question 31

If the object has no regular shape, its volume can be determined through ___, such as the water displacement method.

Answer 31

experiments

Question 32

For example, if we place an object in a certain volume of water, the volume of the object will be the difference between the final and the initial volume (v = vf–vi). This is known as the water displacement method and is used to determine the ___ if an object has no regular shape.

Answer 32

volume

Question 33

When converting from one unit of volume to the other using cubic units, remember to cube the conversion factor. For example, to convert from 1000 cm3 to m3, we should use the following conversion factor:

Answer 33

1000 cm3 x ( 1m / 100 cm3 ) = 0.001 m3

Question 34

___ is a property that measures the amount of matter of a substance.

Answer 34

Mass

Question 34

___ is a property that measures the gravitational force acting on a substance.

Answer 34

Weight

Question 35

Mass and weight are often used interchangeably, but this is ___.

Answer 35

incorrect

Question 35

Mass measures the amount of ___ that a substance has.

Answer 35

matter

Question 36

Matter is anything that has ___ and takes up ___.

Answer 36

mass

space

Question 37

What are the smallest building blocks of matter?

Answer 37

atoms

Question 38

The typical units of mass we use are ___ (g) and ___ (kg).

Answer 38

grams

kilograms

Question 39

Weight is a force that measures the ___ pull on an object.

Answer 39

gravitational

Question 40

Weight depends on both the ___ and the ___ due to gravity (W=mg).

Answer 40

mass

acceleration

Question 41

For example, the weight of a box with a mass of 10 kg on planet Earth where W=mg. The gravity on planet Earth is 9.8 m/s2.

Answer 41

W=mg = (10 kg)(9.8 m/s2) = 98 N.

Question 41

The typical unit of weight we use is the ___ (N), which is also defined as kg·m/s2.

Answer 41

Newton

Question 42

Mass and weight are the same. (T/F)

Answer 42

FALSE

Weight measures the force of gravity acting on an object, which is equal to the object’s weight.

Mass measures the amount of matter (or atoms) a substance has.

Question 43

___ ___ is the energy associated with the movement of the particles of a substance.

Answer 43

Heat energy

Question 44

___ ___ ___ is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by a certain unit of temperature.

Answer 44

Specific heat capacity

Question 45

___ ___ is the amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a substance by a certain unit of temperature.

Answer 45

Heat capacity

Question 46

If heat energy is removed from a substance, its temperature will ___ accordingly.

Answer 46

drop

Question 46

If heat energy is provided to a substance, the substance’s temperature will ___ by a certain amount.

Answer 46

rise

Question 47

If heat energy is provided to a substance, the substance’s temperature will rise by a certain amount. If heat energy is removed from a substance, its temperature will drop accordingly. But how much will the temperature of the substance change?

Answer 47

It depends on the substance’s heat capacity.

Question 48

Heat capacity is usually measured in J/K or J/°C (where J stands for ___).

Answer 48

joules

Question 48

Heat capacity is a measure of how much ___ is required to change the temperature of a substance.

Answer 48

heat

Question 49

An iron handle heats up more rapidly than a wooden one, which means iron has a ___ ___ capacity than wood, so it will require less heat for its temperature to rise.

Answer 49

lower heat capacity

Question 50

The heat capacity depends on the ___ of a substance.

Answer 50

amount

Question 51

A heavier substance will require more heat to raise its temperature than a lighter substance, so the heavier substance will have a ___ ___ capacity.

Answer 51

higher heat capacity

Question 51

But if we want to know the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a substance by a unit temperature regardless of its mass, we’ll need to use the ___ ___ ___.

Answer 51

specific heat capacity

Question 52

The specific heat capacity is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of a unit of ___ of a substance by a unit of temperature.

This makes the specific heat capacity an ___ property that only depends on the chemical nature of the substance and not the amount.

Answer 52

mass

intensive

Question 53

___ ___ capacity is usually measured in J/kgK or J/g°C, where the J is a unit of measurement for energy, the Joule.

Answer 53

Specific heat capacity

Question 54

The equation that relates the heat energy to the specific heat capacity is the following:

Answer 54

Q=mCΔT

• Q is the heat energy (in J)
• m is the mass of the substance
• C is the specific heat capacity of the substance
• ΔT is the change in the substance’s temperature

Question 55

If 500 g of iron is at a temperature of 20.0 °C, how much heat will be required to raise its temperature to 45.0 °C if the specific heat capacity of iron is 475 J/kg°C?

Answer 55

We must set up the equation relating heat energy with the specific heat capacity to solve this question. Be careful of being consistent with units, so the mass of iron must be in kg (500 g = 0.5 kg).

Q=mCΔT
Q=(0.5kg)(475J/kg∘C)(45.0∘C−20.0∘C)
Q=5940J

Question 56

If 700 g of an unknown metal requires 6.30 kJ of heat to raise its temperature by 10.0 °C, what is the metal’s specific heat capacity in J/kg°C?

Answer 56

To solve this question, we must convert every unit first to the required ones in the question. This means 700 g = 0.700 kg and 6.30 kJ = 6300 J. Then we need to rearrange the equation to solve for specific heat, as shown below:

C=QmΔT

Given:

Mass (m) = 700 g = 0.700 kg
Heat (Q)= 6.30 kJ = 6300 J
Change in temperature (Δ𝑇) = 10.0°C

Substitute the given values into the formula:

C=6300J0.700kg×10.0∘C
C=6300J7kg∘C
C=900J/kg∘C

So, the metal’s specific heat capacity is 900J/kg∘C

Question 57

___ is a process by which heat is transferred by direct contact between two bodies.

Answer 57

Conduction

Question 58

___ ___ is the energy associated with the movement of the particles of a substance.

Answer 58

Heat energy

Question 59

___ ___ is a condition in which there is no net flow of heat between two bodies.

Answer 59

Thermal equilibrium

Question 59

A thermometer measures its ___ temperature. By assuming that the thermometer is at thermal equilibrium with the object in contact with the thermometer, we can measure the ___ of the other object.

Answer 59

own

temperature

Question 59

Now that you know what thermal equilibrium is, what do you think will happen if two bodies are not at thermal equilibrium?

Answer 59

There will be a net transfer of heat.

Question 59

When two things are in direct contact with each other and they are at the same temperature, it is said that they are at ___ ___. This means there is ___ net transfer of heat energy between them.

Answer 59

thermal equilibrium

no

Question 60

If things A and B are at thermal equilibrium, and B and C are also at thermal equilibrium, then does this mean A and C are at thermal equilibrium?

Answer 60

Yes

Question 60

There will be a net transfer of heat when two bodies are ___ at thermal equilibrium.

Answer 60

not

Question 60

The concept of thermal equilibrium is important because it is the basis for using the popular tool we call ___.

Answer 60

thermometers

Question 61

Even more, if things A and B are at thermal equilibrium, and B and C are also at thermal equilibrium, this implies that A and C are at thermal equilibrium. This is known as the ___ ___ ___ ___.

Answer 61

Zeroth law of thermodynamics

Question 62

What are 3 ways in which heat can be transferred?

Answer 62

radiation, convection, or conduction

Question 62

Conduction refers to the transfer of heat by ___ contact between two static objects.

Answer 62

direct

Question 62

What is your memory trick for conduction?

Answer 62

Conduction = Con”TOUCH”tion

Question 62

The faster-moving particles on the hotter object will ___ their momentum to the slower-moving particles on the colder object until thermal equilibrium is reached.

Answer 62

transfer

Question 63

What is the transfer of heat from the bottom of a hot pan to the food that is being cooked an example of?

Answer 63

heat transfer by conduction