TEAS 7 - Science (Microorganisms in Disease) Flashcards
___ are microscopic living organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses, that are too small to be seen with the naked eye.
Microbes
___ are microscopic infectious agents that consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat, and they require a host cell to replicate and cause infection.
Viruses
___ are a group of eukaryotic organisms that include molds, yeasts, and mushrooms, characterized by their ability to obtain nutrients by absorbing them from their environment, often through the decomposition of organic matter.
Fungi
___ are single-celled microorganisms that have a simple cellular structure and can be found in diverse habitats, playing vital roles in various ecological processes.
Bacteria
___ are a diverse group of single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms that typically live in aquatic environments and play important roles in nutrient cycling and as food sources for other organisms.
Protozoa
A ___ refers to an organism (typically a plant, animal, or human) that provides a suitable environment and resources for another organism, such as a parasite, pathogen, or symbiotic microbe, to live and thrive.
host
A ___ is an organism that lives in or on another organism (the host) and derives nutrients and resources at the expense of the host, often causing harm or disease in the process.
parasite
___, short for microorganisms, are diverse microscopic living organisms that encompass a wide range of organisms such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses.
Microbes
A ___ is a microorganism, such as bacteria, virus, or fungus, that can cause disease or illness in its host organism.
pathogen
Microbes are short for ___ and encompass a wide range of organisms (bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses).
microorganisms
While some microbes can cause diseases, the ___ are harmless or even beneficial.
majority
The study of microbes, known as ___.
microbiology
Are all microbes dangerous, causing disease?
No, while some microbes can cause diseases, the majority are harmless or even beneficial,
Bacteria and archaea are ___-celled organisms.
single-celled
Microorganisms are tiny organisms that have the ability to ___ the body, ___, and disrupt normal physiological processes, leading to various ___.
invade
multiply
illnesses
Certain strains of bacteria can lead to ___ like strep throat or urinary tract infections. However, some bacteria are ___ and support human bodily functions.
infections
beneficial
___ are eukaryotic organisms that include molds, yeasts, and mushrooms and thrive in ___ and moist environments.
Fungi
warm
What kind of environments do fungi thrive in?
warm and moist environments
Fungi gain nutrients by ___ organic material from the surrounding environment (decomposers).
absorbing
___ are unique non-cellular entities consisting of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat.
Viruses
Viruses are unique ___-___ entities consisting of genetic material (DNA or RNA) enclosed in a protein coat. Viruses can cause diseases by ___ host cells and using them to reproduce. Well-known viral diseases include the common cold, influenza, and COVID-19.
non-cellular
invading
Are viruses living organisms?
No
Do viruses have their own DNA or RNA?
Yes
___ are single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms that live in water and soil.
Protozoa
Protozoa are single-celled eukaryotic microorganisms that live in water and ___. Protozoa make up the ___ group of organisms in the entire world in terms of biomass and diversity. They consume other cells and are usually categorized based on their method of ___.
soil
largest
locomotion
___ are organisms that live on or inside another organism (the host) and depend on the host for resources and nutrients.
Parasites
Parasites are organisms that live on or inside another organism (___) and depend on the host for resources and nutrients. Some parasites are microorganisms, such as certain types of protozoa and bacteria, while others can be seen with the naked eye. They cause ___ by feeding on or damaging the host’s tissues.
the host
diseases
Which microbes require a host?
Parasites and Viruses
Which of the following microorganisms is responsible for causing strep throat?
bacteria
Flatworms that can live in the intestines of a host are an example of ___ worms.
parasitic
What type of microorganism is responsible for athlete’s foot?
fungi
What is the genetic material found in viruses?
Both DNA and RNA
Which of the following microorganisms is responsible for causing malaria?
Protozoa
What are parasites?
Organisms that live on or inside another organism and depend on it for resources
A ___ is a deviation from the normal structure or functioning of the body or mind, resulting in physical or mental impairments and often characterized by specific symptoms or signs.
disease
An ___ ___ a condition caused by the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms within a host organism, leading to a disruption of normal physiological functions and potential transmission to other individuals
infectious disease
A ___ is a microscopic living organism, including diverse organisms such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, protists, and viruses, which can be found in various habitats and have significant impacts on ecosystems and human health
microbe
A ___-___ ___ a condition that arises from internal factors, such as genetic or environmental influences, rather than being caused by the invasion and spread of microorganisms
non-infectious disease
Why are diseases called infectious?
because it can be “passed on” or “infect” other people
(Infectious/Non-Infectious) diseases are caused by tiny organisms called microorganisms, like bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
Infectious
Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases can ___ our bodies and start ___, causing all sorts of trouble. Some common examples of infectious diseases are the flu, colds, chickenpox, or even more serious ones like tuberculosis or malaria.
invade
multiplying
Non-infectious diseases are a bit different because they are ___ caused by those microorganisms. Instead, they usually arise from factors within our own ___ or from things in our ___. These factors can include things like genetics (traits we inherit from our parents), lifestyle choices, or exposure to harmful substances.
not
bodies
environment
Diabetes, allergies, asthma, certain types of cancer, or even mental health conditions like depression are types of ___-___ ___.
non-infectious diseases
Non-infectious diseases ___ be passed on from person to person like infectious diseases. They typically develop because of a combination of different factors, like how we take ___ of ourselves or our surroundings.
cannot
care
Diseases that cannot be passed on from person to person are called ___.
noninfectious diseases
Things like practicing good hygiene (like washing hands regularly) and getting vaccinated can help prevent the spread of ___ diseases.
infectious
When someone infected with a respiratory virus like the flu coughs or sneezes, tiny droplets containing the virus are released into the air. If another person inhales those droplets or touches a surface contaminated with them, they can also become infected. This is an example of ___-___-___ transmission.
person-to-person transmission
Making healthy lifestyle choices, like eating a balanced diet, exercising, and avoiding harmful substances can prevent ___ diseases.
noninfectious diseases
For instance, certain bacteria or viruses can contaminate surfaces like doorknobs, countertops, or shared objects. If a person touches those surfaces and then touches their nose or mouth, the microbes can enter their body and cause an infection. This is an example of ___ transmission.
indirect transmission
Mosquitoes, for example, can carry parasites that cause diseases like malaria or viruses like dengue fever. When a mosquito bites an infected person, it can pick up the microbe and transmit it to another person it bites later. This is an example of ___ transmission.
vector
Which of the following diseases is an example of an infectious disease?
Tuberculosis
If proper food handling and sanitation practices are not followed, harmful bacteria, viruses, or parasites can contaminate the food we eat or the water we drink. Consuming these contaminated substances can lead to infections and diseases. This is an example of the spread of infectious diseases through ___ food and water.
contaminated
How can infectious diseases spread through direct person-to-person transmission?
Through respiratory droplets
Infectious diseases are caused by:
Microorganisms
Which of the following is an example of an indirect route of microbial transmission?
Touching contaminated surfaces
How do microbes spread through vectors?
Through mosquito bites
