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TEAS 7 Test Prep > TEAS 7 - Science (General Anatomy) > Flashcards

TEAS 7 - Science (General Anatomy) Flashcards

1
Q

the ____ plane is the plane running down the middle of the body and dividing the body into right and left sections

A

sagittal

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2
Q

_____ is the study of the function of the body

A

Physiology

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3
Q

What is the hollow area of the body containing organs?

A

Body Cavity

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4
Q

The regional term describes a specific ____ of the body.

A

part

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5
Q

The positional term describes a specific ___ of a body structure.

A

location

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6
Q

The head, neck, and trunk make up the ____ portion of the body

A

axial

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7
Q

The arms and legs make up the ____ portion of the body.

A

appendicular

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8
Q

The body also contains hollow sections called ____ that contain organs.

A

cavities

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9
Q

There is a large ____ cavity in the front and a small ___ cavity in the back.

A

ventral, dorsal

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10
Q

The ventral cavity is divided into ___ and ___; the diaphragm separates it.

A

thoracic (chest area)
abdominopelvic (stomach)

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11
Q

The dorsal cavity consists of the ____ cavity and ____ canal.

A

cranial (head - brain)
spinal (runs down back - spinal cord)

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12
Q

What is the reference position in anatomy called?

A

Anatomical position

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13
Q

Anatomical position is when the body is facing ____ with the palms of the hands facing ____.

A

forward, forward

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14
Q

We use anatomical position when we describe the ____ of anatomical structures.

A

locations

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15
Q

Oral

A

teeth, tongue

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16
Q

Nasal

A

sinuses

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17
Q

Orbital

A

eyes and associated muscles, nerves

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18
Q

middle ear

A

middle ear bones

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19
Q

anatomical term for forehead

A

frontal

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20
Q

anatomical term for head

A

cephalic

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21
Q

anatomical term for skull

A

cranial

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22
Q

anatomical term for face

A

facial

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23
Q

anatomical term for eye

A

ocular or orbital

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24
Q

anatomical term for nose

A

nasal

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25
Q

anatomical term for ear

A

otic

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26
Q

anatomical term for cheek

A

buccal

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27
Q

anatomical term for neck

A

cervical

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28
Q

anatomical term for chin

A

mental

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29
Q

anatomical term for chest

A

thoracic or thorax

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30
Q

anatomical term for breast

A

mammary

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31
Q

anatomical term for abdomen

A

abdominal

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32
Q

anatomical term for navel

A

umbilical

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33
Q

anatomical term for pelvis

A

pelvic

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34
Q

anatomical term for armpit

A

axillary

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35
Q

anatomical term for arm

A

brachial

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36
Q

anatomical term for front of elbow

A

antecubital

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37
Q

anatomical term for forearm

A

antebrachial

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38
Q

anatomical term for palm

A

palmar

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39
Q

anatomical name for hand

A

manual

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40
Q

anatomical term for fingers

A

digits or phalanges

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41
Q

anatomical term for thumb

A

pollex

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42
Q

anatomical term for groin

A

inguinal

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43
Q

anatomical term for pubis

A

pubic

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44
Q

anatomical term for thigh

A

femoral

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45
Q

anatomical term for kneecap

A

patellar

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46
Q

anatomical term for leg

A

crural

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47
Q

anatomical name for ankle

A

tarsal

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48
Q

anatomical name for toes

A

digits or phalanges

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49
Q

anatomical name for great toe

A

hallux

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50
Q

anatomical name for foot

A

pedal

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51
Q

anatomical term for shoulder

A

acromial

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52
Q

anatomical term for back

A

dorsal

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53
Q

anatomical term for back of elbow

A

olecranal

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54
Q

anatomical term for loin (lower back)

A

lumar

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55
Q

anatomical term for butt

A

gluteal

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56
Q

anatomical term for back of knee

A

popliteal

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57
Q

anatomical term for calf

A

sural

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58
Q

anatomical term for heel of foot

A

calcaneal

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59
Q

anatomical term for sole of foot

A

plantar

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60
Q

anatomical term for wrist

A

carpal

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61
Q

anatomical term for middle chest

A

sternum

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62
Q

anatomical term for lateral chest

A

pectorus

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63
Q

Positional terms usually go in ____. For example, superior and inferior go together. Superior means ____ and inferior means ____.

A

pairs
above
below

64
Q

anterior means towards the ____

A

front

65
Q

posterior means towards the ____

A

back

66
Q

medial means toward the ____ of the body

A

midline

67
Q

lateral means ___ from the midline of the body

A

away

68
Q

proximal means towards the ____ of the body

A

trunk

69
Q

distal means ___ from the trunk of the body

A

away

70
Q

Proximal and distal are usually used when describing structures in the _____.

A

extremities

71
Q

superficial means towards the _____

A

surface

72
Q

deep means ___ the surface

A

under

73
Q

ipsilateral means on the ____ side

A

same

74
Q

contralateral means on the ____ side

A

opposite

75
Q

the head (cephalon) is ____ to the chest (thorax)

A

superior

76
Q

the thorax is ____ to the cephalon

A

inferior

77
Q

the sternum is ____ to the heart

A

anterior

78
Q

the heart is ___ to the sternum

A

posterior

79
Q

the ears are ____ to the nose

A

lateral

80
Q

the nose is ___ to the ears

A

medial

81
Q

the elbow is ____ to the wrist

A

proximal

82
Q

the wrist is ___ to the elbow

A

distal

83
Q

the skin is ____ to the stomach

A

superficial

84
Q

the stomach is ____ to the skin

A

deep

85
Q

the right shoulder and right elbow are ____

A

ipsilateral

86
Q

the right shoulder and left elbow are ____

A

contralateral

87
Q

the ____ plane is the plane dividing the body into anterior and posterior sections

A

coronal

88
Q

the ___ plane is the plane dividing the body into superior and inferior sections

A

transverse

89
Q

the ___ plane is the superior transverse plane used in the 9 abdominal region system

A

transpyloric

90
Q

the ___ plane is the inferior transverse plane used in the 9 abdominal region system

A

transtubercular

91
Q

What is the term that means above the stomach?

A

epigastric

92
Q

___ is the term used in the 9 abdominal regions to identify structures superior and lateral to the stomach

A

hypochondriac

93
Q

___ is the term meaning the region of the low back and also used in the 9 abdominal region system for describing the location of structures lateral to the umbilicus

A

lumbar

94
Q

What is the naval area that indicates the center of the abdomen?

A

umbilicus

95
Q

____ is the term meaning the lower lateral abdominal regions

A

iliac

96
Q

___ is the term sometimes used in the 9 abdominal regions indicating the lower lateral abdomen

A

inguinal

97
Q

What term means below the stomach?

A

hypogastric

98
Q

The body is organized according to levels of ___

A

complexity

99
Q

How is the body organized in levels of complexity? (lowest to highest)

A

atom, molecule (or organelle), cell, organ, organ system, organism (human body)

100
Q

A plane is a __-dimensional object that can divide the body into ___ sections.

A

2, 2

101
Q

Anatomical planes are used in ____, such as MRI scans.

A

imaging

102
Q

___ ___ are used to describe the locations of pain, injuries, and abnormalities in the abdominal area.

A

abdominal divisions

103
Q

How many ways can we divide the abdomen?

A

2 ways

  • 4 quadrants
  • 9 abdominal regions
104
Q

For the ___ quadrant method, a sagittal and transverse plane intersect at the umbilicus. The quadrants are the right and left ___ quadrants and the right and left ____ quadrants.

A

4
upper
lower

105
Q

What organs are in the right upper quadrant?

A

live, gallbladder, right kidney

106
Q

What organs are in the right lower quadrant?

A

appendix, right ovary (female), right ureter

107
Q

What organs are in the left upper quadrant?

A

stomach, spleen, left kidney

108
Q

What organs are in the left lower quadrant?

A

left ovary (female), left ureter

109
Q

The 9 abdominal regions have ___ parasagittal planes (sometimes called lateral lines) and __ transverse planes, meaning ___ planes in total are needed to divide the regions. The superior transverse plane is called the ___ plane and the inferior transverse plane is called the ____ plane.

A

2, 2, 4

transpyloric

transtubercular

110
Q

What is the center of the 9 abdominal regions called?

A

umbilicus

111
Q

What are the 3 superior regions of the 9 abdominal regions called?

A

epigastric and right and left hypochondriac

112
Q

What are the 3 middle regions of the 9 abdominal regions called?

A

umbilical and right and left lumbar

113
Q

What are the 3 lower regions of the 9 abdominal regions called?

A

hypogastric and right and left iliac or inguinal

114
Q

What do we call the ability of a system to maintain a steady state?

A

homeostasis

115
Q

The system in which the stimulus and response are the same is called ___ feedback.

A

positive feedback

116
Q

The system in which the stimulus and response are opposite is called ___ feedback.

A

negative feedback

117
Q

Homeostasis refers to a system’s ability to ___ a range of values, such as substances in your blood. An example is how your body maintains a certain level of glucose (sugar) in your blood by either lowering or raising it.

A

maintain

118
Q

Homeostasis relies on systems that are called ___ mechanisms that help regulate substances.

A

feedback

119
Q

Negative feedback is where the response is ___ to the stimulus.

A

opposite

120
Q

Positive feedback is where the response is the ___ as the stimulus.

A

same

121
Q

For example, let’s say we set a thermostat at 70 degrees. It’s summer and hot outside, and the room temperature begins to rise. Once it gets above 70 degrees, the thermostat senses it and turns on the air conditioner. The result is the room cools down below 70 degrees. What is the stimulus? What is the response? Are the stimulus and response the same or opposite? What kind of feedback is this?

A

stimulus = room getting warmer

response = turn on air conditioner to cool room down

opposite

negative feedback

122
Q

Let’s say we still have our thermostat set at 70 degrees, but this time it is winter and we open the window. The temperature in the room begins to lower until it gets to lower than 70 degrees. They system now responds by turning on the furnace. The room gets warmer until the temperature gets above 70 degrees. What is the stimulus? What is the response? Are the stimulus and response the same or opposite? What kind of feedback is this?

A

stimulus = room getting colder

response = turn on the furnace to warm the room up

opposite

negative feedback

123
Q

Let’s say that we wired up the thermostat the wrong way. Now, when the temperature in the room rises above 70 degrees instead of turning on the air conditioner, the furnace turns on and raises the room temperature. What is the stimulus? What is the response? Are the stimulus and response the same or opposite? What kind of feedback is this?

A

stimulus = room getting warmer

response = furnace turns on to make room even warmer

same

positive feedback

124
Q

List of body systems

A
  1. integumentary
  2. skeletal
  3. muscular
  4. nervous
  5. endocrine
  6. lymphatic
  7. immune
  8. blood
  9. cardiovascular
  10. digestive
  11. respiratory
  12. urinary
  13. reproductive
125
Q

The ___ system consists of the hair, skin, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.

A

integumentary

126
Q

The function of the integumentary system is to ___ the body, secrete waste products, produce vitamin D, and regulate body ___. It also supports sensory receptors that send information to the ___ system.

A

protect

temperature

nervous

127
Q

The ___ system consists of the bones, ligaments, and cartilage. It protects, supports, and produces ___ blood cells and store chemical salts.

A

skeletal

red blood cells

128
Q

The ___ system produces movement and helps maintain posture. It also produces heat.

A

muscular

129
Q

The ___ system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and receptors. it receives ___ information, detects changes, and in response stimulates muscles and glands.

A

nervous

sensory

130
Q

The ___ system is a series of glands that secrete hormones. This system contains many feedback systems to help maintain ____.

A

endocrine

homeostasis

131
Q

The ___ system includes the lymph vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen. The function of this system is to return fluid to ___ as well as transport some absorbed food molecules and defend against infection.

A

lymphatic

blood

132
Q

The ___ system consists of cells and antibodies that help the body fight off pathogens. Some organs associated with this system are the thymus and spleen.

A

immune

133
Q

The ___ is a fluid system that contains cells and plasma. These structures work together to ___ oxygen and carbon dioxide along with water, electrolytes, hormones, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and wastes.

A

blood

transports

134
Q

The ___ system includes the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins. The function of this system is to transport ____.

A

cardiovascular

blood

135
Q

The ___ system consists of the nasal cavity, lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. This system supplies the body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide.

A

respiratory

136
Q

The ___ system includes the mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and intestines.

A

digestive

137
Q

The function of the digestive system is to receive, break-down, and absorb ___. It also eliminates waste.

A

food

138
Q

The ___ system includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

A

urinary

139
Q

The function of the urinary system to ___ wastes, maintain water and electrolyte balance and store and transport urine.

A

remove

140
Q

The ___ system passes genetic information down to future generations as well as produce hormones that help the body to mature.

A

reproductive

141
Q

Name the body system:

  • returns fluid to the blood
  • defends against pathogens
A

Lymphatic system

142
Q

Name the body system:

  • removes carbon dioxide from the body
  • delivers oxygen to the blood
A

Respiratory system

143
Q

Name the body system:

  • processes food for use by the body
  • removes wastes from undigested food
A

Digestive system

144
Q

Name the body system:

  • controls water balance in the body
  • removes wastes from blood and excretes them
A

Urinary system

145
Q

Name the body system:

  • produces sex hormones and gametes
  • delivers gametes to female
A

Male Reproductive system

146
Q

Name the body system:

  • produces sex hormones and gametes
  • supports embryo/fetus until birth
  • produces milk for infant
A

Female Reproductive system

147
Q

Name the body system:

  • encloses internal body structures
  • site of many sensory receptors
A

Integumentary system

148
Q

Name the body system:

  • supports the body
  • enables movement (with muscular system)
A

Skeletal system

149
Q

Name the body system:

  • enables movement (with skeletal system)
  • helps maintain body temperature
A

Muscular system

150
Q

Name the body system:

  • detects and processes sensory information
  • activates bodily responses
A

Nervous system

151
Q

Name the body system:

  • secretes hormones
  • regulates bodily processes
A

Endocrine system

152
Q

Name the body system:

  • delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues
  • equalizes temperature in the body
A

Cardiovascular system

153
Q

What tissue is responsible for transmitting nerve impulse?

A

nerve tissue

154
Q

What tissue is responsible for providing the matrix that supports and connects other tissues of the the body?

A

connective tissue

155
Q

What tissue functions as lining and covering of body surfaces and cavities?

A

epithelial tissue

156
Q

What tissue functions in facilitating voluntary and involuntary movements?

A

muscle tissue

157
Q

What is the largest organ of the human body?

A

skin

TEAS 7 Test Prep (12 decks)

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