TEAS 7 - Science (Parts of the Cell) Flashcards
What are the 3 main parts of every cell?
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- nucleus
The cell ___ is the outer layer of the cell.
cell membrane
The cell membrane is the ___ layer of the cell. It is made up of a thin, flexible layer of ___ and ___ that surrounds the cell and controls what goes in and out of the cell, acting like a gatekeeper.
outer
lipids
proteins
The ___ is a gel-like substance that fills the inside of the cell. It is made up of water, salts, and various types of molecules, including proteins, enzymes, and nutrients. This is also where all the cell’s main organelles are found and where many of the cell’s metabolic reactions take place.
cytoplasm
What are specialized structures inside the cytoplasm that perform essential functions in the cell?
organelles
The ___ are the organelles responsible for producing energy in the cell. They are often called the “powerhouses” of the cell.
mitochondria
The ___ ___ is a network of membranes that helps to transport proteins and other molecules throughout the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ___ ___ is another membrane-bound organelle that helps to process and package proteins for transport within and outside the cell.
Golgi Apparatus
___ are small organelles that contain enzymes to break down waste and other cellular debris.
Lysosomes
The nucleus also contains the ___, which is responsible for making ribosomes, the cell’s protein-making factories.
nucleolus
The ___ is a network of protein fibers that help to give the cell its shape and provide support.
cytoskeleton
The ___ is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material of the cell.
nucleus
What acts as the control center of a cell, regulating all the cell’s activities by directing the synthesis of proteins and other important molecules?
the nucleus
The nucleus contains the cell’s ___, which is organized into chromosomes.
DNA
Chromosomes are made up of ___, which are the basic units of heredity.
genes
Genes contain instructions for making ___, which are the building blocks of the cell and carry out many important functions.
proteins
How are DNA, genes, chromosomes, and proteins related?
Genes are segments of DNA –>
DNA is organized into chromosomes –> Genes (which are segments of DNA and are part of chromosomes) contain instructions for making proteins –>
proteins are building blocks of cells
In addition to containing DNA, the nucleus also contains a dense structure called the ___.
nucleolus
What is the nucleolus responsible for?
for assembling RNA and proteins into ribosomes
A cell’s DNA is organized into ___.
chromosomes
Instructions for making proteins are located in the ___.
genes
What is the jelly-like substance that fills the inside of eukaryotic cells?
cytoplasm
One of the main functions of the ___ is to provide a medium for cellular activities. It acts as a space where many of the cell’s chemical reactions occur. It contains important molecules, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and ions, that are needed for the cell’s metabolism, growth, and reproduction.
cytoplasm
Additionally, the cytoplasm plays a role in intracellular ___. It provides a medium for molecules and organelles to move within the cell.
intracellular transport