TEAS 7 - Science (Atomic Structure) Flashcards
An ____ is the smallest unit of matter.
atom
The ___ is the center of the atom, which is made up of protons and neutrons
nucleus
What are the two numbers that make up the atomic mass?
protons and neutrons
A ___is a neutrally charged subatomic particle; it is located in the nucleus at the center of the atom
neutron
The atomic number of elements on the Periodic Table of Elements is the element’s ___ ___.
atomic number
An ___ is a negatively charged subatomic particle that moves around the outside of the nucleus of an atom along circular paths called orbitals.
electron
A ___ is a positively charged subatomic particle; the number of protons gives an atom its identity; it is located in the nucleus at the center of an atom
proton
What is the smallest unit of matter?
atoms
___ are imaginary paths surrounding the nucleus of an atom along which electrons travel; each orbital has a different level of energy and can hold a certain number of electrons
Orbitals
What is the charge of a proton? Neutron? Electron?
Proton: (+)
Neutron: none
Electron: (-)
The ___ ___ is the area around the nucleus of an atom that contains electrons traveling around the nucleus.
electron cloud
The physical structure of an atom is fairly simple: a ___ at the center (which is composed of ___ and ___) and ___ orbiting the nucleus in an area often called the “electron cloud.”
nucleus
protons
neutrons
electrons
The ___ is located at the center of an atom.
nucleus
What is the nucleus made of?
protons and neutrons
___ have a positive charge.
___ have a neutral charge.
___ have a negative electrical charge.
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
What obits the nucleus in rings?
electrons
Electrons travel around the atom’s nucleus at incredibly fast speeds along imaginary tracks known as ___.
orbitals
The ___ ___ is the standard table that organizes all known elements by atomic number; it is further organized into groups and periods that provide additional information about each element based on its relative position within the table.
Periodic Table
What are the rows on the periodic table called?
Periods
The area around the nucleus is called the ___ ___ because the electrons are rarely in one place for long.
electron cloud
What are the columns on the periodic table called?
Groups
Metals are on the ___ side of the periodic table, metalloids are in the ___, and nonmetals are on the ___.
left
middle
right
What are found on the left side of the periodic table?
metals
What dictates how reactive an element is?
number of electrons