study guide for reproductive and urinary 2 Flashcards
Glands that secrete a thick, yellow substance to nourish the sperm cells
Seminal Vesicles
Location of sperm formation
Seminiferous Tubules
The male gametes
reproductive cells
Sperm
The most common cancer in American males between the ages of 15 and 34 years
Testicular Cancer
A pear-shaped organ with muscular walls and a mucous membrane lining filled with a rich supply of blood vessels
Uterus
The muscular tube lined with mucosa that extends from the cervix to the outside of the body
Vagina
The liquid that protects the fetus and makes possible its floating movements
Amniotic Fluid
An organ of sensitive, erectile tissue located anterior to the urethral meatus and the vaginal orifice
Clitoris
Secretes the hormone progesterone during the second half of the menstrual cycle
Corpus Luteum
Tubes which extend from the upper end of the uterus to a point near, but not attached to, an ovary
Fallopian Tubes
Result from the fertilization of separate ova by separate sperm cells
Fraternal Twins
Formed by the fertilization of a single egg cell by a single sperm that divides to form two embryos
Identical Twins
The milk-producing glands that develop during puberty
Mammary Glands
The muscular middle layer of uterine tissue
Myometrium
The thin muscle that covers the testis.
Its function is to lower and raise the scrotum, which helps to control the temperature of the testis and avoids overheating
The muscle often contracts when a man is sexually aroused in order to protect the testis during intercourse
Cremaster Muscle
Is a layer of smooth muscular fiber that lies beneath the skin of the scrotum.
Regulates the temperature of the testicles.
It expands or contracts to wrinkle the scrotal skin.
Contraction-reduces surface area available for heat loss.
Expansion-increases the surface area and cools testicles.
Works in conjunction with Cremaster
Muscle, but Dartos is slower acting.
Dartos Muscle
Facts about Estrogen
- Estrogen hormones are responsible for the growth and development of female sexual characteristics and reproduction
- Estrogen is produced in the ovaries, adrenal glands and fat tissues
- In women, estrogen circulates in the bloodstream and binds to estrogen receptors on cells
- It controls growth of the uterine lining during the first part of the menstrual cycle
- Causes changes in the breasts during adolescence and pregnancy
- Regulates various other metabolic processes-bone growth and cholesterol levels
- Estrogen is present in men and women. Higher in women.
Main Function of Estrogen
Development of Female Secondary Sexual Characteristics: Include-Breasts, Endometrium, Regulation of Menstrual Cycle
In males-Estrogen helps in maturation of the sperm and maintenance of a healthy libido
In the kidney-Passage of liquid through the capillary wall from the glomerulus into the glomerular capsule
Passage through a filter or other material that prevents passage of certain molecules, particles, or substances
Filtration
An accumulation of urine in the kidney because of an obstruction in the ureter
Hydronephrosis
An enzyme secreted by and stored in the kidneys that promotes the production of the protein angiotensin. It regulates the body’s balance of fluids and electrolytes.
Renin
This Hormone assists with blood pressure regulation
A testis that fails to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops
Undescended Testes
Undescended testicles have an increased risk for cancer
One of the two tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Ureters
Each ureter arises from a kidney, descends, and ends in the bladder
Are used to drain the bladder
Urinary Catheter
A triangular region of the wall of the urinary bladder
Area in which the muscle fibers are closely adherent to the mucosa
Triangle formed by 3 openings within the bladder
Trigone of Bladder
A steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics, produced mainly in the testes, but also in the ovaries and adrenal cortex
Testosterone
Facts about Testosterone:
- A hormone responsible for the normal growth and development of the male sex organs and maintenance of other sexual characteristics
- In men, testosterone is produced in the testes
- The amount of testosterone produced by the testes is regulated by the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland
- Testosterone helps maintain reproductive tissues
- Helps stimulate sperm production
- Helps stimulate and maintain sexual function
- Helps increase muscle mass and strength
- Helps maintain bone strength
THESE TWO ARE CALLED WHAT:
- Tunica Albugina-Fibrous capsule of the testis
- Tunica Vaginalis-outpocketing of the peritoneum
Septal Extensions of Tunica
A vessel into which urine is passed
An external plastic or metal receptacle for collecting urine
Urinal
Any of the external physical characteristics of sexual maturity secondary to hormonal stimulation that develop in the maturing individual.
These characteristics include adult distribution of hair and development of the penis or breasts and the labia
Physical characteristics of sexual maturity that distinguishes one gender from the other-such as the distribution of hair and voice changes
Secondary Sex Characteristics
