final study guide 101-5 Flashcards
Resting and Digesting of ANS (Autonomic Nervous System)
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Nerves that carry impulses to Central Nervous System
Sensory Neurons
Sella Tunica of Sphenoid
A depression on the upper surface of the sphenoid bone, lodging the pituitary gland
Main elements for nervous impulses
SODIUM + POTASSIUM
What is Haversian System
The basic unit of compact bone consisting of haversian canal, lamellae
(also called osteon)
What is the make up of myosin
Proteins important in movement of muscles in the body
- Made up on many individual myosin protein molecules
- Myosin protein is NOT globular
- It has a head and a tail
- Each complete myosin molecule in muscle is composed of 2 or 3 head-and-tail molecules, twisted around each other
- Then, to make the myosin filament, you have to take these doublet myosin molecules and put them together into large bundles
- This big wad of myosin proteins, is then called the THICK FILAMENT
- A single thick filament has over 200 myosin molecules
- It is really thick!
What prepares your body for a fight or flight response
a physiological reaction in response to stress
EPINEPHRINE (ADRENALINE)
What works for motion sickness
- Acupressure
- Ginger
- Over-the-Counter Antihistamines
- Perscription Patch (worn behind ear)
- Perscription Rezatrptan
- Dramamine
Where is flagellum found
The cilia of a cell, particularly eukaryotic cells ( located just around the cells body)
The flagella-the tail part of most cells (sperm cells)
Functions of Astrocytes
- Protects neurons from harmful substances in blood
2. Helps control chemical environment in brain
Evaluating the amount of Damage Done Due to Burns
1st Degree
- Involves only Epidermis
- Redness, Pain, Slight Swelling
- Can be caused by sunburn or exposure to hot or cold objects
- Heal in week or 2, with no scar
2nd Degree
- Damage Epidermis + Dermis
- Causes Redness, Pain, Swelling, Blisters
- Heal in approximately in 2 weeks
- No Scarring
3rd Degree
- Epidermis and Dermis are completely destroyed
- Often surrounded by 1st and 2nd degree burns (which are painful)
- the 3rd degree burns often painless because sensory receptors have been destroyed
- Appear white, tan, brown, black, or deep cherry red
Stretching of Muscles
- Form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscles felt, elasticity + achieve comfortable muscle tone
Result–Feel of increased muscle control, flexibility + range of motion
Stretching helps alleviate cramps
4 Elements of Human Body
- Carbon
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
- Hydrogen
What is Diaphysis
Shaft of long bones between the epiphyses
What is Epiphyseal Line
On the surface of an adult long bone, marking the junction (where they come together) of the epiphysis + diaphysis
What is the Epiphyseal Plate
Thin plate of cartilagge between epiphysis + shaft of a long bone
What is Gouty Arthritis
Attack that is extremely painful with joint inflammation due to deposits of uric acid crystals in the joint fluid + joint lining
Survival Needs of the Body
- Proper Body Temperature
- Oxygen
- Water
- Atmospheric Pressure
Where do Cranial Bones Originate From
Sutures
Amino Acids + Peptides = __________
Proteins
How does Ach work in Synaptic Clefts
- The normal stimulus for neurmtransmitter release is the depolarization of the synaptic cleft by the arrival of an action potential
- The entry of calcium ions into the synaptic cleft, triggering the exocytosis of Ach
- The depolarization of the synaptic cleft opens voltage-regulated calcium channels
In the brief period during which these channels remain open–calcium ions rush into the synaptic cleft - Their arrival triggers exocytosis and the release of Ach into the synaptic cleft
The release of Ach stops very soon - The Ach released through exocytosis diffuses across the synaptic cleft toward receptiors
- The more Ach released through the presynaptic membrane, the larger the depolarization
- The Ach molecules that succeed in binding to recpetor sites are broken down within 20 msec. of their arrival
- The enzyme AChE breaks down molecules of Ach into acetate and choline
- The choline is absorbed by the synaptic cleft and is used to synthesize more Ach
