info on heart and circulation unit 2 Flashcards
Blood is a type of _____________ tissue
Connective
Blood is made up of what
- Plasma 55%
2. Cells @ Cell Fragments 45%
Plasma is __________ part of blood
Liquid
and 91% water
______________responsible for formation of blood clots
Fibrinogen
Serum is plasma without the ________factors
Clotting
Do RBCs and platelets have a nuclei
No
Process of blood cell production
Hematopoiesis
RBCs are about 700 times more numerous than__________________
WBCs
_______cannot move on their own. Moved by forces that cause blood to circulate
Red Blood Cells
Main component of red blood cells
Hemoglobin
Pigmented protein that accounts for the blood’s color
Hemoglobin
Primary function of Red Blood Cells
To transport oxygen from lungs to various body tissues AND to transport carbon dioxide from tissue to lungs
Iron is necessary for the normal function of __________
Hemoglobin
What stimulates red blood cell production
Low Oxygen Levels
_____________stimulates red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells
Erythropoietin
WBCs lack ______________
Hemoglobin
___________are WBCs with large cytoplasmic granules and a lobed nuclei
Granulocytes
Facts about WBCs:
- Protect body against invading microorganisms
- Remove dead cells @ debris from the body
- The are motile (they can move)
5 Types of WBCs:
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Usually first to respond to infection
2. Destroy certain bacteria
Neutrophils
Most common in blood of people with allergic reactions
Eosinophils
- Increase in number in both allergic @ inflammatory reactions
- Contain large amounts of Heparin(inhibits blood clotting)
Basophils
- Important role-Immunity
2. Form cells that produce proteins called Antibodies
Lymphocytes
- Largest of WBCs
- Transform into macrophages
- Associated with chronic infection
- They phagocytize bacteria
Monocytes
__________ cells fght infection
White Blood
________cells transport oxygen throughout body
Red Blood
Platelets also called_____________
Thrombocytes
Facts about platelets (thrombocytes):
- Play important role in controlling blood loss
- Produced in red marrow @ derived from Megakaryocytes
- Form platelet plugs
- Promote the formation and contraction of clots that help seal larger wounds in vessels
Series of events that help stop excessive blood loss:
- Vascular spasms
- Platelet plug formation
- coagulation
CAN LEAD TO HEMOSTASIS
A blood clot is :
A network of threadlike protein fibers called FIBRIN
Clot formation requires what vitamin
Vitamin K
Prevents Clotting
Anticoagulents
Only vessels that provide direct access to nearly every cell in the the body
Capillaries
Thick walled, 3 Layers, elastic vessels for high pressure blood
Arteries
Resistance vessels, less elastic, more muscular, large changes in diameter
Arterioles
Thinnest walled, smallest diameter vessels for exchange
Capillaries
Drain capillaries, has endothelium and some vascular smooth muscle, participate in exchange
Venules
Thinner walled, 3 layers, large diameter vessels for returning low pressure blood back to heart
Veins
The wall of heart are made up of 3 Layers
The outer + inner layers made of Epithelial Tissue
Middle Layer made of Cardiac Muscle
Facts about Heart
The heart is basically 2 pumps sitting side by side.
If functions as 2 pumps inside one.
Right side-pumps deoxgenated blood from body to lungs.
Left Side-pumps oxygenated blood from lungs to rest of body.
It also carries electrical signals instructing the ventricles when to contract.
