bones and muscles 2 Flashcards
The outer end of the scapula, extending over the shoulder joint @ forming the highest point of the shoulder, to which the collar bone is attached
Acromion Process
Deep furrow or slit (as in bone)
Fissure
Point at which a muscle attaches to a movable bone
Insertion
(Movement Forward) or in the anterior postition
Protraction
(Moving back) Movement in the posterior direction
Retraction
A muscle that brings a limb or other anatomical part back to its initial position of rest.
Responds by stretching.
Antagonist
Facts about Antagonist
The antagonist is important when a person extends or contracts a limb,
It holds objects against gravity, and tries to maintain balance while standing erect.
The antagonist helps the body maintain a state of relaxation.
Muscle that works in opposite direction of the antagonist.
It contracts
(ex:Biceps brachii @ triceps brachii)
CONTRACTS RELAXES
Agonist
Small fluid filled sac that reduces friction of joints
Bursae
Muscles on the front of the upper arm.
Necessary for rotating @ lifting the arm.
Most visible and impressive muscle
Biceps
Muscle responsible for 2 primary movements of arm
1. Carrying 2. Lifting the arm
Most commonly used muscle in body
Biceps
Arm muscle located just above the elbow @ beneath the bicep
Primary Purpose-flex elbow isometrically.
Brachialis
A kind of joint action which produces a circular or conical movement of the limb extending from that joint.
Circling the arm @ shoulder is and example.
(ex: wrist, base of fingers)
Arm moves in a cone shape when pitching baseball.
Ball-and -Socket joint-found at hip @ shoulder-truly capable of this - 360 degree movement
Circumduction
Fracture where bone is broken into several pieces.
This type can involve crushing or splintering of bone.
Common in elderly, people with weak bones, or cancer
Comminuted Fracture
At least 3 pieces of bone must be present for fracture to be comminuted
Fluid filled joint with a distictive oval shape.
It is a synovial joint.
Characterized by presence of a fluid-containing joint capsule, which lubricates the surface of adjacent bones in the joint.
Condyloid Joint
A joint that connects the 2 uppermost bones of the cranium.
The frontal @ parietal bones.
A fibrous joint held together by dense collagen tissue.
This type of joint allows little or no movement.
Coronal Suture
Facts about Coronal Suture
These sutures extend from temple to temple.
They do not form a straight line.
Bones fit tightly together like puzzle pieces.
Has no synovial fluid.
Thin, delicate layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers.
Contains reticular fibers(contain collagen), blood vessels, capillaries, arteries, veins,and nerves that create a mesh-like network of vessels.
Endomysium
Outermost layer of dense connective tissue surrounding muscles.
Primary Function-Combine with other muscular connective tissue to form a thick, collagenous cord of tissue known as-tendon
Epimysium
A membrane that protects and supports groups of fibers within the skeletal muscle.
Responsible For: shaping @ organizing the muscle fibers @transmitting forces within the muscle.
Made of collagen @ elastin fibers.
Collagen fibers give tissue strength.
The elastin promotes elasticity. This holds the structure together @ allows fibers to move easily against one another.
Perimusium
One of the bones that makes up the skull.
A spongy type of bone with light bony plates.
Situated between nasal cavity @ brain cavity, and makes up the nasal cavity roof, part of nasal cavity walls, part of bony orbits around the eyes, part of the floor of cranium.
Ethmoid Bone
Located in pairs at the rear of each vertebrae.
Helps link adjoining vertebrae.
Known as Z-joints
Allow free movement of the spine.
They limit range of motion to protect the discs.
Facet Joints
Longest, thickest @ strongest bone in body
Runs from pelvis to top of knee.
Gives support to entire body
Helps body contend with gravity.
Plays role in standing, walking, running @ jumping.
Femur
Calf Bone
Smallest of 2 bones that run between knee and ankle
Bone is slender and not weight bearing
Fibula
