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HOE > bones and muscles 2 > Flashcards

bones and muscles 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The outer end of the scapula, extending over the shoulder joint @ forming the highest point of the shoulder, to which the collar bone is attached

A

Acromion Process

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2
Q

Deep furrow or slit (as in bone)

A

Fissure

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3
Q

Point at which a muscle attaches to a movable bone

A

Insertion

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4
Q

(Movement Forward) or in the anterior postition

A

Protraction

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5
Q

(Moving back) Movement in the posterior direction

A

Retraction

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6
Q

A muscle that brings a limb or other anatomical part back to its initial position of rest.
Responds by stretching.

A

Antagonist

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7
Q

Facts about Antagonist

A

The antagonist is important when a person extends or contracts a limb,
It holds objects against gravity, and tries to maintain balance while standing erect.
The antagonist helps the body maintain a state of relaxation.

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8
Q

Muscle that works in opposite direction of the antagonist.
It contracts
(ex:Biceps brachii @ triceps brachii)
CONTRACTS RELAXES

A

Agonist

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9
Q

Small fluid filled sac that reduces friction of joints

A

Bursae

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10
Q

Muscles on the front of the upper arm.
Necessary for rotating @ lifting the arm.
Most visible and impressive muscle

A

Biceps

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11
Q

Muscle responsible for 2 primary movements of arm
1. Carrying 2. Lifting the arm
Most commonly used muscle in body

A

Biceps

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12
Q

Arm muscle located just above the elbow @ beneath the bicep

Primary Purpose-flex elbow isometrically.

A

Brachialis

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13
Q

A kind of joint action which produces a circular or conical movement of the limb extending from that joint.
Circling the arm @ shoulder is and example.
(ex: wrist, base of fingers)
Arm moves in a cone shape when pitching baseball.
Ball-and -Socket joint-found at hip @ shoulder-truly capable of this - 360 degree movement

A

Circumduction

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14
Q

Fracture where bone is broken into several pieces.
This type can involve crushing or splintering of bone.
Common in elderly, people with weak bones, or cancer

A

Comminuted Fracture

At least 3 pieces of bone must be present for fracture to be comminuted

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15
Q

Fluid filled joint with a distictive oval shape.
It is a synovial joint.
Characterized by presence of a fluid-containing joint capsule, which lubricates the surface of adjacent bones in the joint.

A

Condyloid Joint

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16
Q

A joint that connects the 2 uppermost bones of the cranium.
The frontal @ parietal bones.
A fibrous joint held together by dense collagen tissue.
This type of joint allows little or no movement.

A

Coronal Suture

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17
Q

Facts about Coronal Suture

A

These sutures extend from temple to temple.
They do not form a straight line.
Bones fit tightly together like puzzle pieces.
Has no synovial fluid.

18
Q

Thin, delicate layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers.
Contains reticular fibers(contain collagen), blood vessels, capillaries, arteries, veins,and nerves that create a mesh-like network of vessels.

A

Endomysium

19
Q

Outermost layer of dense connective tissue surrounding muscles.
Primary Function-Combine with other muscular connective tissue to form a thick, collagenous cord of tissue known as-tendon

A

Epimysium

20
Q

A membrane that protects and supports groups of fibers within the skeletal muscle.
Responsible For: shaping @ organizing the muscle fibers @transmitting forces within the muscle.
Made of collagen @ elastin fibers.
Collagen fibers give tissue strength.
The elastin promotes elasticity. This holds the structure together @ allows fibers to move easily against one another.

A

Perimusium

21
Q

One of the bones that makes up the skull.
A spongy type of bone with light bony plates.
Situated between nasal cavity @ brain cavity, and makes up the nasal cavity roof, part of nasal cavity walls, part of bony orbits around the eyes, part of the floor of cranium.

A

Ethmoid Bone

22
Q

Located in pairs at the rear of each vertebrae.
Helps link adjoining vertebrae.
Known as Z-joints
Allow free movement of the spine.
They limit range of motion to protect the discs.

A

Facet Joints

23
Q

Longest, thickest @ strongest bone in body
Runs from pelvis to top of knee.
Gives support to entire body
Helps body contend with gravity.
Plays role in standing, walking, running @ jumping.

A

Femur

24
Q

Calf Bone
Smallest of 2 bones that run between knee and ankle
Bone is slender and not weight bearing

A

Fibula

25
Q

Shin Bone
Larger of 2 bones located between knee and ankle.
Considered to be strongest weight bearing bone in the body.
Triangular inner shape
Ridge running down front of leg-not covered by muscle

A

Tibia

26
Q

This bone is slightly different in men and women.
Men-vertically straight
Women-Slants down and slightly outward because women have wider hips than men

A

Tibia

27
Q

More likely to break than any other bone

A

Tibia

28
Q

Condition associated with the Tibia

A

Shin Splints

29
Q

Movement of joints, tendons and muscles beyond their normal limit.
May cause injury. Most commonly affected-knees and elbows.
Can cause joint pain, swelling, or immobility

A

Hyperextension

30
Q

Muscle running between the cheek bone and the lower jawbone.
2 on each side of skull, very strong
The mandibular nerve supplies the muscle with nerve impulses which cause it to contract raising and lowering the jaw when chewing or speaking.

A

Masseter Muscle

31
Q

Remaining in place. Not capable of movement or being moved.

A

Immobility

32
Q

The rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces posteriorly in relation to the anatomical position.

A

Pronation

In pronation the radius and ulna cross

33
Q

Rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly in relation to the anatomical position.

A

Supination

In supination the radius and ulna are parallel

34
Q

Short bones which make up the foot

A

Tarsels

35
Q

The sac enclosing a joint. Made of outer fibrous articular capsule @ inner synovial membrane

A

Joint Cavity

36
Q

A muscle located in the facial region.
Begins at bridge of nose @ inserts into the frontal bone, between eyebrows.
Helps pull down skin between eyebrows.
Also aids in movement that allows flaring of the nostrils @ facial expression-show anger
Has a bit of pyramid shape
Primary Function-Provides protection to eyes from glare of sun

A

Procerus

37
Q

Strap-like muscle runs along lower half of body, from pubic bone to shaft of femur.
Linked to movement of thigh @ knee.
When referring to a pulled groin this muscle is involved

A

Gracilis Muscle

38
Q

This muscle can be used in a wide range of reconstructive surgeries. (ex: to cover wounds)

A

Gracilis Muscle

39
Q

Process by which new blood cells are formed.

A

Hematopoiesis

40
Q

A joint that allows backward and forward motion. (ex: elbow, knee).
They cannot swivel or move in any other direction
A type of synovial joint

A 
Hinge Joint
(Classification based on range of motion)

HOE (55 decks)

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