final study guide 101-1 Flashcards
4 elements of the human body
OXYGEN HYDROGEN CARBON NITROGEN CALCIUM
the electrical activity developed in a muscle or nerve cell during activity
ACTION POTENTIAL
The fron section of the eye’s interior where aqueous humor flows in and out providing nourishment to the eye and surrounding tissues
ANTERIOR CHAMBER
Blind Spot of the eye
The blind spot is the location on the retina known as the optic disk where the optic nerve fiber exit the back of the eye. Because there are no cones or rods at this point on the retina, there is a very small gap in the visual field
The blind spots in each eye are aligned symmetrically so that most of the time, one eye’s field of vision will compensate for the loss of vision in the other eye.
what type of tissue is blood
Blood is considered to be a connective tissue in which the intercellular material is plasma for blood
What is cartilage
Cartilage is a stiff yet flexible connective tissue found in many areas in the body, including the joints between bones, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the elbow, the knee, the ankle, the bronchial tubes and the intervertebral discs. It is not as hard and rigid as bone but is stiffer as less flexible than muscle.
It is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes
Cartilage is classified in 3 types:
ELASTIC CARTILAGE
HYALINE CARTILAGE
FIBROCARTILAGE
Unlike other connective tissues, cartilage does not contain blood vessels.
Compared to other connective tissues, cartilage grows and repairs more slowly
Conjunctivitis
An inflammation of the conjunctiva that is uaually caused by an infection or allergy; also known as PINK EYE
The transparent outer surface of the eye covering the iris and pupil
The clear front window of the eye, which transmits and focuses light into the eye.
CORNEA
The shaft of central part of a long bone
DIAPHYSIS
What is the EPIPHYSEAL LINE
The part of the bone that replaces the epiphyseal growth plate in long bones once a person has reached their full adult height
An epiphyseal line looks like a thin dark streak that stretches horizontally across the rounded ends of the bone.
Formation of the epiphyseal line takes place over many years
The presence of an epiphyseal line on the long bones can be used to indicate the age of skeletal remains
What is the EPIPHYSEAL PLATE
The area at the long end of a bone that contains growing bone
As people develop, the bone grows longer as a result of activity inside this area
These plates permit growth after birth, allowing the long bones of the body to extend and a person to grow as he or she reaches maturity
Stiffening of the joints and muscles of a body after death
RIGOR MOTIS
The technical name for table sugar, cane sugar, or whit sugar, is made of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule bound together
SUCROSE
Refers to a form of arthritis caused by deposits of needle-like crystals of uric acid
GOUTY ARTHRITIS
Is one of the most painful rheumatic diseases
Usually strikes a single joint, most commonly the big toe
Men are more likely to develop than women
An empty space, a gap
A cavity, space, or depression, especially in a bone containing cartilage or bone cells
LACUNAE
a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a fluid
pH
(The pH of any fluid is the measue of its HYDROGEN ION (H+). The pH is approximately equal to the negative logarithm of the H+ ion concentration expressed in molarity)
A chronic pathological condition in which the muscles are affected by persistent spasms and exaggerated tendon reflexes because of damage to the central nervous system
SPASTIC PERALYSIS
What is in the Cranial Cavity
BRAIN
PITUITARY GLAND
VARIOUS SPINAL + CRANIAL NERVES
BLOOD VESSELS
MENINGES (membranes surround central nervous system)
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (shock absorber for brain)
The clear, flexible, curved structure that focuses images on the retina
LENS
A small region in the eye where the nerve endings of the retinal enter the optic nerve
OPTIC DISC
The transparent mucous membrane that line the underside of each eyelid
CONJUNCTIVA
LAYERS OF EPIDERMIS
- BASAL LAYER
- SQUAMOUS LAYER
- STRATUM GRANULOSUM
- STRATUM LUCIDUM
- STRATUM CORNEUM
A disorder of the sense of balance and equilibrium and the sense of spatial orientation that is caused by repeated motion such as the swell of the sea, movement of a car, or motion of a plane in turbulent air
It is due to irritation of a portion of the inner ear called the labyrinth
symptoms: nausea, vomiting, and vertigo, sweating, general ill feeling
MOTION SICKNESS
The process by which a cell engulfs particles such as bacteria, other microorganisms, aged red blood cells, foreign matter, etc.
PHAGOCYTOSIS