Spiseforstyrrelser Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV)
WHO (ICD-10): F 50.0 Anorexia nervosa

A

A. BMI <17,5 (<85%).

B. Intens frygt for vægtøgning

C. Forvrænget kropsopfattelse

D. Amenoré

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2
Q

Primær amenoré:

A

÷ menarche efter 16 års alderen.

÷ pubertetstegn efter 14 års alderen.

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3
Q

Sekundær amenoré:

A

6 mdr menostasi

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4
Q

Årsager til sekundær amenoré?

A
  • fokale sygdomme på alle tre niveauer
  • graviditet
  • angst, depression
  • vægttab
  • hård fysisk træning
  • misbrug
  • fedme og PCOS
  • diabetes
  • alle systemiske sygdomme

Efter vægt restoration:
Re-menoré 50%/1 år!!

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5
Q

Anorexia nervosa, karakteristika?

A

Optagethed af
ernæring, madkunst

Ritualiseret spiseadfærd

Egosynton

Ambivalens

Diktomiseret tænkning

Perfektionisme/OCD

Tvangsmotionering

Angst/panikangst

Depression

Lavt selvværd

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6
Q

Anorexia nervosa - epidemiologi?

A

Punktprævalens kvinder 12-30 år: 0,5 – 1%

Livstidsprævalensen kvinder: 2%

Incidens 3-400/år

Kønsfordeling 90-95% kvinder

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7
Q

Bulimia nervosa - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders -IV
WHO (International Classification of Diseases) -10

A
1. Spiseanfald x2/uge i 3 mdr.
  • max 2 timer
  • hurtigere end   
    normalt
  • kontroltab, 
    ubehag, skam, 
    væmmelse
  1. Sygelig optagethed af mad (craving, preoccupation)
  2. Kompenserende adfærd
  3. Frygt for fedme
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8
Q

Bulimia nervosa - epidemiologi?

A

Punktprævalens kvinder 15-30 år: 2 - 3%

Livstidsprævalensen kvinder: 3 - 5%

Incidens 500 - 1000/år

Kønsfordeling 95-99% kvinder

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9
Q

Hepatic injury in anorexia nervosa

A

steatosis –> hepatitis –> cirrhosis

  • protein catabolism (auto cannibalism)
  • hypoperfusion (hypotension, anemia, dehydration)
  • endotoxins? (ischemic, atrophic intestinal mucosa)
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10
Q

Refeeding syndrom: pathophysiology

A

Glukose –> insulin –> Natrium (stiger) –> væskeretention –> Cardiac failure ødem.

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11
Q

Ødemer ved anorexia nervosa:

A
  • ”Re-ernærings ødem”
  • Hjertesvigt ved re-ernæring
  • Diuretika rebound fænomen
  • Hypoalbuminæmi (hungerødemer)
  • Beriberi (tiaminmangel)
  • Traumatisk (evt bilat)
  • Misbrug (krydderier, helseprodukter)
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12
Q

Hypophosphataemia?

A

(s-phosphate<0.5 mmol/l)

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13
Q

Hypophosphataemia - kliniske manifestationer?

A
  • Hematologic: hemolysis, thrombocytopenia
  • CNS: convulsions, delirium, coma
  • Cardiac: cardiac failure, arrhythmia
• Muscularly: rhabdomyolysis 
--> phosphate
--> renal failure
--> respiratory 
     failure
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14
Q

Væske og elektrolyt problemer?

A

Hyponatriæmi, hyperkaliæmi og metabolisk alkalose

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15
Q

Metabolisk alkalose, hvordan opstår det ved spiseforstyrrelse?

A

Opkaste –> HCl tab –> Stigning i HCO3 (kronisk dehydrering

  • -> RAAS)
  • -> pH stiger med 0.1 –> kalium falder og respiration falder –> CO2 stiger.
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16
Q

Grænse for metabolisk alkalose og behandling?

A
  • HCO3 >40
  • pH>7,5
Behandling: 
 - Isotonisk NaCl
 - KCl
 - Proton pumpe 
   inhibitor