Kroniske inflammatoriske tarmsygdomme Flashcards

1
Q

Hvor er incidensraten højest for IBD’er?

A

Vesten (ubekendt i mange andre lande tho)… Ulcerative politis og crohn’s disease har samme distribution.

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2
Q

Ætiologiske teorier bag IBD’er?

A

Infektiøse.

Immunologiske

Genetiske

Kostmæssige

Miljømæssige

Vaskulære

Neurale

Allergiske

Psykosomatiske

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3
Q

Hvor i GI kanalen er crohns sygdom mest fremtrædende?

A

Ileocolic - crohns ileitis

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4
Q

Crohn`s disease: 3 patterns of

clinical and pathologic behavior

A

Inflammatorisk, stenotisk og fisteldannelse.

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5
Q

Tidligste synlige læsioner ved crohns?

A

Aphtoid ulcerationer

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6
Q

Instestinale komplikationer ved crohns? Fistula?

A

Mesenterisk, entero-enterisk, entero-vesikale, retropertoneale, entero-cutane, perianal.

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7
Q

Tre typer af ulcerativ colitis?

A

Proctitis, left sided, total colitis

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8
Q

komplikation ved ulcerativ colitis?

A

Colon dilation (Mucosal islands, kolon diameter >6 cm) med risiko for perforation. Venøs tromboembolisme.

Kroniske komplikationer: Cancer.

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9
Q

Colorectal cancer ved ulcerative colitis

A

Kumulativ incidens.. Stigende med stigende kronicitet. Over 50% efter 30 år

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10
Q

Systemiske komplikation ved IBD

A

Relateret til inflammatorisk aktivitet.

Aphtous somatitis, episcleritis og uveitis.

Artritis, vaskulær komplikationer

E.nodusum, P.gangrenosum.

Perifer artritis (monoartikulær, asymmetrisk, store led osv,)

Central arial artritis (ankyloserende spondylitis og sacro iliitis).

Galdesten, malabsorption og renale sten/fistel/hydronephrosis.

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11
Q

Pediatriske komplikationer ved IBD?

A

Nedsat vækst

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12
Q

Tissue damage in inflammatory

bowel disease.. How?

A

1) Uncontrollered immun response to antigen
2) Release of factors
3) Rekruitment of neutrophils and monocytes
4) Release of faktors
5) Indirect destruction of target

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13
Q

Kliniske manifestationer af IBD?

A

Akut:
- Smerte, diare, heemorrhage, feber

Kronisk:
- Fibrose, fistler, dysplasi, neoplasi

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14
Q

Behandling af IBD?

A

Empirisk behandling

Terapeutiske hovedgrupper:

1) 5-aminosalicylsyre midler
- Sulfasalazine

2) Binyrebark hormon
- Budesonid

3) Immunhæmmende
- Azatioprin (imurel)
- Purinethol
- MTX
- Ciclosporin (IL-2
hæmmer)

4) Antibiotika
- Metronidazole

5) Andre midler
- ASA
- NSAID
- Lipxygenase
hæmmer
- EPA
- Infliximab (kimerisk
IgG
monoklonal antistof)
- TNF-alfa hæmmer
- Virker på
fisteldannelser ved
crohns

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15
Q

Immunprofil hos UC patienter og kontroller

A

PGE2, TXB2 og H-HETE forhøjet.

Særligt PGE2!

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16
Q

Benævn reaktive oxygen metabolitter.

A

Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl og vand.

17
Q

Foreslag til mekanismen bag rollen af transient iskæmisk episoder hos IBD patienter.

A

Iskæmi/reperfusion –> oxidase aktivering –> transient formation af ROM –> superoxide aktivering –> Øget mocusal permeabilitet –> bakterielle produkter –> PMN aktivering og infiltration –> ROM og non oxidative toksiner –> mocusal ulceration