Spinal Cord Diseases/Conditions/Syndromes

Question 1

What is Vitamin B12 needed for?

Answer 1

RBC production and myelination of neurons

Question 2

CSF has (less/more) antibodies than blood

Answer 2

Less

Question 3

What are the types of infections?

Answer 3

• prions
• bacterial
• virus

Question 4

definition: Slow virus; in the host’s system for a prolonged amount of time before they are affected

Answer 4

prions

Question 5

(true/false) A virus can be treated

Answer 5

false

Question 6

Meningitis is a _____ infection.

Answer 6

Bacterial, although it can be viral

Question 7

What are the s/s of meningitis?

Answer 7

• fever
• HA
• CNS changes
• nuchal rigidity (Kernig and Brudzinski’s sign)
• Seizures
• stroke

Question 8

___% of people with meningitis end up with a neurological impairment

Answer 8

30%

Question 9

Encephalitis is a ____ infection.

Answer 9

viral

Question 10

Encephalitis affects the ______ of the brain.

Answer 10

parenchyma

Question 11

(true/false) The cause of encephalitis is known.

Answer 11

FALSE (although it has been discovered to have correlation with ticks and mosquitoes)

Question 12

What are the s/s of encephalitis?

Answer 12

• HA
• fever
• lethargy
• Seizures
• coma
• nausea

Question 13

definition:
- bull’s-eye rash
- flu like symptoms
- migrating joint pain in large joints
- HA
- CN palsies
- polyneuropathies
- radiculoneuritis
- encephalopathy

Answer 13

Lyme Disease

Question 14

What is the most frequent event assoc. with lyme disease?

Answer 14

CN palsies (Bell’s Palsey)

Question 15

definition: irritation of a SPINAL nerve

Answer 15

radiculoneuritis

Question 16

definition: irritation of multiple PERIPHERAL nerves

Answer 16

polyneuropathy

Question 17

Polio is caused by a ___ infection.

Answer 17

Viral

Question 18

definition: destruction of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord with muscle weakness

Answer 18

polio

Question 19

definition: weakness that occurs decades after a polio infection that can be related to overworked motor neurons

Answer 19

post-polio syndrome

Question 20

definition: sudden motor, sensory ANS problems within the spinal tracts

Answer 20

transverse myelitis

Question 21

Transverse myelitis is clearly defined by the ___ border.

Answer 21

rostral border

Question 22

___% of those with transverse myelitis lose ALL LE motor function

Answer 22

50%

Question 23

___-___% of those with transverse myelitis have sensory dysfunction

Answer 23

85-95%

Question 24

What is the most common organ affected by transverse myelitis?

Answer 24

bladder

Question 25

___ of patients with transverse myelitis have a full recovery

Answer 25

1/3

Question 26

Transverse myelitis is most common in the ___ spine.

Answer 26

Thoracic spine

Question 27

TRansverse myelitis commonly occurs after having the ___.

Answer 27

flu

Question 28

What type of spinal tumor is least common?

Answer 28

intermedullary (10%)

Question 29

What type of spinal tumor is most common?

Answer 29

extramedullary (90%)

Question 30

With a intermedullary spinal tumor, what comes first... neurologic symptoms or pain?

Answer 30

neurologic symptoms

Question 31

With a extramedullary spinal tumor, what comes first... neurologic symptoms or pain?

Answer 31

pain

Question 32

(true/false) A brain abscess is not a localized infection.

Answer 32

FALSE (it is)

Question 33

A brain abscess can be a __ or ___ infection.

Answer 33

bacterial, viral

Question 34

What are the s/s of a brain abscess?

Answer 34

- fever - chills - HA - compression - seizures - lethargy - death

Question 35

Brain tumors (increase/decrease) edema and then compression of neural tissue.

Answer 35

increase

Question 36

(true/false) The brain can accommodate to an increase in mass if it is growing slowly.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What are the s/s of brain tumors?

Answer 37

- HA (from ICP) - diplopia (from affected abducens nerve) - behavior and consciousness changes - papilledema - seizures

Question 38

definition: A c-shaped halo w/ a temporal gap

Answer 38

papilledema

Question 39

The ___ space is present around the optic nerve.

Answer 39

subarachnoid space

Question 40

What % of tumors do gliomas make up?

Answer 40

50%

Question 41

What type of brain tumor progresses to glioblastoma multiforme?

Answer 41

astrocytoma

Question 42

Is meningioma most commonly benign or malignant?

Answer 42

benign

Question 43

Is medulloblastoma commonly seen is adults or children? Is it benign or malignant?

Answer 43

children (primarily males), malignant

Question 44

What type of brain tumor is usually treatable?

Answer 44

pituitary

Question 45

(true/false) removed malignant tumors will NOT come back.

Answer 45

false (they will)

Question 46

What organs do malignant brain tumors come from?

Answer 46

- breast - lung - kidney - prostate - lymphoma - melanoma

Question 47

What nerve does not exist in the pons?

Answer 47

CN XII (hypoglossal n.)