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Neuro > spinal cord anatomy: Ascending Tracts > Flashcards

spinal cord anatomy: Ascending Tracts Flashcards

1
Q

Up to what spinal segment do the spinal nerves sit above the corresponding vertebrae?

A

C7

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2
Q

What structure is the landmark of the spinal nerve becoming the peripheral nerve?

A

intervertebral foramen

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3
Q

What do the dorsal rami innervate?

A

paraspinal muscles

(the ventral rami supplies everything else)

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4
Q

The spinal nerve consists of ___ fibers.

A

4 fibers
- 2 somatic fibers (1 afferent, 1 efferent)
- 2 autonomic fibers (1 afferent, 1 efferent)

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5
Q

Why do the cervical segments of the spinal cord have more white matter compared to the rest of the spinal cord?

A

It receives signals from the whole spinal cord

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6
Q

Why do the cervical segment of the spinal cord have more grey matter compared to the T-spine?

A

It supplies the whole UE

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7
Q

The ventral horn of the cervical spinal cord is expanded more ____ compared to other parts of the spinal cord.

A

laterally

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8
Q

What makes up grey matter?

A

cell bodies and short axons

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9
Q

What makes up white matter?

A

axons

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10
Q

What are the subdivisions of the grey matter?

A
  • motoneurons
  • clarkes nucleus
  • interomediolateral cell column
  • substantia gelatinosa
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11
Q

What laminae(s) do motoneurons sit in? What level(s) of the spinal cord is this nuclear group found?

A

laminae VIII, IX

All segments of the spinal cord

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12
Q

What laminae(s) do clarkes nuclei sit in? What level(s) of the spinal cord is this nuclear group found?

A

Lamina VII
T1-L2 spinal segments

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13
Q

What laminae(s) do intermediolateral cell columns sit in? What level(s) of the spinal cord is this nuclear group found?

A

laminae VII

spinal segments T1-L2

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14
Q

What laminae(s) do substantia gelatinosa sit in? What level(s) of the spinal cord is this nuclear group found?

A

lamina II
ALL levels

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15
Q

The substantia gelatinosa fibers are involved with ___.

A

pain

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16
Q

What part of the spinal cord do the sympathetic motor neurons originate in?

A

interomediolateral cell column

17
Q

What are the dorsal funiculi?

A
  • fasciculus gracilis
  • fasciculus cuneatus
18
Q

(true/false) all neurons synapse at the dorsal root of the spinal cord

A

false

19
Q

What are the functions of the dorsal column tracts?

A
  • proprioception
  • discriminatory touch
  • vibration
20
Q

Fill in the blank: Dorsal Column UE Pathway

  1. ascends up the ____ to synapse at the ____ (1st order neuron)
  2. crosses over and up the medial leminiscus to synapse the _____ (2nd order neuron)
  3. synapses at the ____ on the (medial/lateral) side (3rd order neuron)
A
  1. ascends up the FASCICULUS CUNEATUS to synapse at the NUCLEUS CUNEATUS (caudal medulla)
  2. Crosses over and up the medial leminiscus to synapse the THALAMUS
  3. synapses at the PRIMARY SENSORY CORTEX on the LATERAL side
21
Q

Fill in the blank: Dorsal Column LE Pathway

  1. ascends up the ____ to synapse at the ____ (1st order neuron)
  2. crosses over and up the medial leminiscus to synapse the _____ (2nd order neuron)
  3. synapses at the ____ on the (medial/lateral) side (3rd order neuron)
A
  1. ascends up the FASCICULUS GRACILIS to synapse at the NUCLEUS GRACILIS
  2. crosses over and up the medial leminiscus to synapse the THALAMUS
  3. synapses at the PRIMARY SENSORY CORTEX on the MEDIAL side.
22
Q

What are the functions of the spinothalamic tract and what portion of the spinothalamic tract is responsible for each one?

A
  • light/crude touch (anterior portion)
  • temperature (anterior portion)
  • pain (lateral portion)
  • pressure (lateral portion)
23
Q

Fill in the blank: Spinothalamic LE AND UE Pathway

  1. ascends up the ____ to synapse at the ____ (1st order neuron)

1a. What happens at this synapse site? What is it called?

  1. crosses over the spinal cord at the _____ to ascend the spinal cord to synapse the _____ (2nd order neuron)
  2. synapses at the ____ (3rd order neuron)
A
  1. ascends up the DORSAL HORN to synapse at the SUBSTANTIA GELATINOSA

1a. At this synapse site, some fibers may go up/down 3 segments which is called LYSSEURS TRACT

  1. crosses over the spinal cord at the ANTERIOR WHITE COMMISSURE to ascend the spinal cord and synapse the THALAMUS
  2. synapses at the PRIMARY SENSORY CORTEX
24
Q

The spinoreticular tract synapses with the _______. Where in the spinal cord does this occur? What is the function of the synapse?

A

Synapses with the reticular formation
location: anywhere in the brainstem
function: activates attention

25
Q

The spinomesencephalic tract synapses with the _______. What is the function of the synapse?

A

synapses with the midbrain/mesencephalon
function: turns head and neck towards the location of the pain

26
Q

The spinolimbic tract synapses with the _______. What is the function of the synapse?

A

synapses with the limbic cortex (singular cortex)
function: gives the emotional component of the pain being experienced.

27
Q

Fill in the blank: Cuneocerebellar Pathway

  1. ascends up the ____ to synapse at the ____ (1st order neuron)
  2. Enters the cerebellum via the ______.
  3. synapses the ____ (2nd order neuron)
A
  1. ascends up the FASCICULUS cuneatus to synapse w/ the LATERAL CUNEATE NUCLEUS
  2. Enters the cerebellum via the INFERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE
  3. synapses the CEREBELLAR CORTEX
28
Q

What is the function of the dorsal spinocerebellar tract?

A

unconscious proprioception

29
Q

What is the function for the cuneocerebellar tract?

A

unconscious proprioception for the brain down to the T6 spinal level.

30
Q

Fill in the blank: dorsal spinocerebellar Pathway

  1. ascends up the __of the __ to synapse at the ____ (1st order neuron)
  2. Ascends the _____ to enter the CEREBELLUM via the _____.
  3. synapses the ____ (2nd order neuron)
A
  1. ascends up the FASCICULUS GRACILIS of the DORSAL COLUMN to synapse at the first spinal segment with a CLARKS COLUMN (T1-L2)
  2. ascends the POSTERIOR CEREBELLAR TRACT to enter the cerebellum via the INFERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE
  3. Synapses the cerebellar cortex
31
Q

What are the functions of the ventral spinocerebellar tracts?

A
  • mixes sensory information
  • monitors motor activity
32
Q

Fill in the blank: ventral spinocerebellar Pathway

  1. Synapses at the ____ and crosses over the spinal cord
  2. ascends the spinal cord via the ______ up to the level of the ___ and then crosses over AGAIN.
  3. Enters the cerebellum via the ______
  4. synapses the ____.
A
  1. synapses at the DORSAL ROOT of L4
  2. ascends the spinal cord via the ANTERIOR SPINOCEREBELLAR TRACT up to the level of the PONS and then crosses over again
  3. Enters the cerebellum via the SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE
  4. Synapses the CEREBELLUM

Neuro (45 decks)

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