Cerebellum Flashcards
The cerebellum is generally considered as a (sensory/motor) structure
motor
What are the three lobes of the cerebellum?
anterior, posterior, flocculonodular
What are the three divisions of the functional aspect of the cerebellum?
- flocculonodular (vestibulocerebellum)
- vermis/paravermal areas (spinocerebellum)
- lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
What are the deep nuceli of the cerebellum?
- fastigal
- globose and emboliform (interposed nuclei)
- dentate
The deep nuclei are associated with the ___ divisions of the cerebellum.
functional
What are the three LAYERS of the cerebellum?
- granular
- purkinje
- molecular
What makes up the molecular layer of the cerebellum?
- dendrites of the purkinje fibers
- axons of granule cells
(true/false) A single purkinje cell has multiple climbing fibers.
False (one cell has only one fiber)
What makes up the granule layer of the cerebellum?
granular cells
What structure inputs information into the granule layer?
mossy fibers
What structure creates climbing fibers?
inferior olivary nuclei
What is the pathway of synaptic input to the cerebellum via the inferior olivary nuclei?
- inferior olivary nuclei
- climbing fibers
- purkinje cell
What is the pathway of synaptic input to the cerebellum via mossy fibers?
- mossy fibers
- granule cells
- parallel fibers
- purkinje fibers
What is the pathway of cerebellar output?
- cerebellar cortex
- cerebellar nuclei or vestibular nuclei
- cerebral cortex, spinal cord, red nucleus, reticular formation
What is the cerebellum responsible for?
- equilibrium
- gross mvmts of the limbs
- fine, distal voluntary movements
- cognition
- motor learning
Function:
- important for equilibrium
- control of axial muscles used for balance
- coordination of eye, head, and neck movements
vestibulocerebellum/ flocculonodular
Function: control of ongoing movement of the axial and proximal muscles
spinocerebellum (vermis/vermal area)
What is the medial reticulospinal tract responsible for?
INNV paraspinal mm
function:
- distal motor control
- ongoing execution
Spinocerebellum (intermediate area)
function:
- initiation of movement
- planning
- timing of movement
- cognition
cerebrocerebellum
What is the lateral corticospinal tract responsible for?
INNV contralateral limb mm.
What is the rubrospinal tract responsible for?
INNV UE flexors
How does the cerebellum correct motor responses?
- somatotopic arrangement of input
- analyzes input from what is intended to what is actually happening
- changes synaptic efficacy/how the neurons communicate to each other via neurotransmitter levels
What tracts are responsible for intended responses?
ventral spinocerebellar and corticospinal tracts
