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Neuro > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

The cerebellum is generally considered as a (sensory/motor) structure

A

motor

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2
Q

What are the three lobes of the cerebellum?

A

anterior, posterior, flocculonodular

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3
Q

What are the three divisions of the functional aspect of the cerebellum?

A
  • flocculonodular (vestibulocerebellum)
  • vermis/paravermal areas (spinocerebellum)
  • lateral hemispheres (cerebrocerebellum)
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4
Q

What are the deep nuceli of the cerebellum?

A
  • fastigal
  • globose and emboliform (interposed nuclei)
  • dentate
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5
Q

The deep nuclei are associated with the ___ divisions of the cerebellum.

A

functional

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6
Q

What are the three LAYERS of the cerebellum?

A
  • granular
  • purkinje
  • molecular
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7
Q

What makes up the molecular layer of the cerebellum?

A
  • dendrites of the purkinje fibers
  • axons of granule cells
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8
Q

(true/false) A single purkinje cell has multiple climbing fibers.

A

False (one cell has only one fiber)

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9
Q

What makes up the granule layer of the cerebellum?

A

granular cells

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10
Q

What structure inputs information into the granule layer?

A

mossy fibers

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11
Q

What structure creates climbing fibers?

A

inferior olivary nuclei

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12
Q

What is the pathway of synaptic input to the cerebellum via the inferior olivary nuclei?

A
  1. inferior olivary nuclei
  2. climbing fibers
  3. purkinje cell
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13
Q

What is the pathway of synaptic input to the cerebellum via mossy fibers?

A
  1. mossy fibers
  2. granule cells
  3. parallel fibers
  4. purkinje fibers
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14
Q

What is the pathway of cerebellar output?

A
  1. cerebellar cortex
  2. cerebellar nuclei or vestibular nuclei
  3. cerebral cortex, spinal cord, red nucleus, reticular formation
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15
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A
  • equilibrium
  • gross mvmts of the limbs
  • fine, distal voluntary movements
  • cognition
  • motor learning
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16
Q

Function:
- important for equilibrium
- control of axial muscles used for balance
- coordination of eye, head, and neck movements

A

vestibulocerebellum/ flocculonodular

17
Q

Function: control of ongoing movement of the axial and proximal muscles

A

spinocerebellum (vermis/vermal area)

18
Q

What is the medial reticulospinal tract responsible for?

A

INNV paraspinal mm

19
Q

function:
- distal motor control
- ongoing execution

A

Spinocerebellum (intermediate area)

20
Q

function:
- initiation of movement
- planning
- timing of movement
- cognition

A

cerebrocerebellum

21
Q

What is the lateral corticospinal tract responsible for?

A

INNV contralateral limb mm.

22
Q

What is the rubrospinal tract responsible for?

A

INNV UE flexors

23
Q

How does the cerebellum correct motor responses?

A
  • somatotopic arrangement of input
  • analyzes input from what is intended to what is actually happening
  • changes synaptic efficacy/how the neurons communicate to each other via neurotransmitter levels
24
Q

What tracts are responsible for intended responses?

A

ventral spinocerebellar and corticospinal tracts

25
Q

What tracts are responsible for actual responses?

A

dorsal spinocerebellar tract

26
Q

Changes in synaptic efficacy can lead to ___.

A

long term depression

27
Q

What are the s/s of a lesion in the cerebellum?

A
  • ataxia
  • dysmetria
  • dysarthria
  • impaired balance
  • impaired eye movements
  • decompensation of movement
  • tremor
  • impaired RAMS
  • HYPOtonia
28
Q

(true/false) Freidreich’s ataxia is hereditary

A

True (but it is NOT a sexual related chromosome)

29
Q

freidreich’s ataxia is a (recessive/dominant) gene

A

recessive gene

30
Q

What is the normal age range of onset for Freidreich’s ataxia?

A

8-15 y/o

31
Q

What pathways degenerate when a patient has Freidreich’s ataxia?

A
  • spinocerebellar
  • dorsal columns
  • corticospinal
32
Q

(true/false) Freidreich’s ataxia can lead to cell loss in the cerebellum.

A

true

33
Q

What are the s/s of freidreich’s ataxia?

A
  • ataxic gait
  • absent DTRs
  • POSITIVE babinski
  • loss of P and V
  • loss of P and T
  • dysarthria
  • cardiomyopathy
  • pes cavus
  • scoliosis
34
Q

definition:
- EXT of the MTP joints in the foot
- FLX of the IP joints in the foot

A

pes cavus (club foot)

Neuro (45 decks)

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