auditory system Flashcards
What does the stapes connect to so that the sound waves can be sent into the cochlea?
oval window
The ossicles of the middle ear connect to the __ and ___ muscles which are INNV by the ___.
tensor tympani and stupedius muscles, CN VIII
definition: fluid filled cavities in the inner ear that are surrounded by tissue
cochlea
Definition: contains the sensory epithelium (hair cells)
organ of corti
Where is the organ of corti found?
in the cochlea/inner ear
Human speech is ___ kilohertz
3 KHz
The axons from the inner and outer hair cells within the cochlea connect and become the ___.
CN VIII (cochlear division)
The (inner/outer) hair cells pick up sound in the cochlea.
inner hair cells
What is the base of the hair cells in the cochlea?
basilar membrane
When the basilar membrane vibrates, it will move the hair cells into the ______ and activate it.
tectorial membrane
A sound wave causes a ___ in the fluid filled portion of the cochlea.
pressure wave
The membrane at the base of the basilar membrane will vibrate with (low/high) frequencies.
high
The membrane at the apex of the basilar membrane will vibrate with (low/high) frequencies.
low
definition: hair cells have a characteristic tuning curve (they’re coded for a specific frequency)
tonotopic
CN VIII (cochlear division) enters the ____ to have its axons synapse on the ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei.
rostral medulla
The ventral and dorsal motor nuclei have _______ input to the ____ nucleus and will eventuall join the _____.
ipsilateral and contralateral input to the superior olivary nucleus…. will joint the lateral lemniscus pathway
The primary auditory cortex is called the (buckle/belt) and has the function of discriminating what frequency is being perceived.
buckle (core)
The secondary auditory cortex is called the (buckle/belt) and has the function of interpreting more complex sounds
belt
What are the basic causes of auditory pathologies?
- trauma
- ototoxic drugs
- aging
- infection
- tumors
What are 2 types of problems that can accompany a auditory pathology?
conduction, sensorineural
definition: having a problem with getting the sound waves to the tympanic membrane, middle ear, and eventually to the cochlea
conduction problem
defintion: having damage to the cochlea/organ or corti
sensorineural problem
Noise related hearing loss is due to (low/high) frequencies.
high
Meniere’s disease results in hearing loss at (low/high) frequencies.
low
