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Neuro > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What do special visceral afferent nerves provide?

A

Taste and smell

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2
Q

What do special somatic afferent nerves provide?

A

vision, hearing, and equilibrium

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3
Q

What is CN XII? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

hypoglossal nerve, motor

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4
Q

What is the origin of the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?

A

hypoglossal nucleus

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5
Q

What is/are the function(s) of the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?

A

INNV of IPSILATERAL intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

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6
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a hypoglossal nerve problem?

A

The tongue will deviate to the side of damage along with atrophy

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7
Q

What is CN XI? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve, motor

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8
Q

What are the origins of the spinal accessory nerve?

A
  • nucleus ambiguus
  • C1-C5 ventral horn
  • accessory nerve in lower medulla
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9
Q

What does the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) innervate?

A
  • soft palate
  • larynx
  • ipsilateral SCM and trapezius
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10
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a spinal accessory (CN XI) problem?

A
  • Shoulder Shrug Test: weakness of the affected side
  • torticollis
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11
Q

What is CN X? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

vagus nerve, both

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12
Q

What is the sensory function of the vagus nerve (CN X)?

A
  • sensation behind the ear (general somatic afferent nerve)
  • sensation of thoracic and abdominal viscera (general visceral afferent nerve)
  • sensation of taste (special visceral afferent nerves)
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13
Q

Where does the sensation provided by the vagus nerve terminate?

A
  • spinal nucleus of V
  • solitary nucleus
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14
Q

What is the motor function of the vagus nerve (CN X)?

A
  • parasympathetic INNV of thoracic and abdominal viscera (general visceral efferent nerve)
  • INNV of ipsilateral pharynx and larynx (special visceral efferent nerve)
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15
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a vagus nerve problem?

A

uvula will deviate to the same side of the damaged nerve

absent gag reflex

problems with:
- swallowing
- coughing
- hoarseness

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16
Q

What is CN IX? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

glossopharyngeal, both

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17
Q

What provides the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)?

A

spinal nucleus of V –> sensation behind the ear

solitary nucleus –> taste, sensation of the pharynx/nasal passages

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18
Q

What provides the motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)?

A

inferior salvatory nucleus –> innervates the parotid gland

nucleus of ambiguus –> innervates stylopharyngeus muscle

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19
Q

What is the action of the stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

lifting and moving the pharynx forward

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20
Q

What is CN VIII? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

vestibulocochlear nerve, sensory

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21
Q

What part of CN VIII provides balance?

A

vestibular nerve

22
Q

What part of CN VIII provides hearing?

A

cochlear nerve

23
Q

What is CN VII? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

facial nerve, both

24
Q

What does the spinal nucleus of V provide?

A

sensation behind the ear

25
Q

What does the solitary nucleus provide?

A

taste

26
Q

What provides the sensory component of the facial nerve (CN VII)?

A

spinal nucleus of V
solitary nucleus

27
Q

What is the function of the superior salvatory nucleus?

A
  • parasympathetic input
  • INNV salivary gland
  • INNV lacrimal gland (crocodile tears)
28
Q

What is the clinical presentation of the facial nerve (CN VII)?

A

No wrinkling in the forehead, eye closing, or smiling on the ipsilateral side of the damage

29
Q

Facial muscles are (ipsilaterally/bilaterally) innervated.

A

ipsilaterally

30
Q

Forehead muscles are (ipsilaterally/bilaterally) innervated?

A

bilaterally

31
Q

What is CN VI? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

abducens nerve, motor

32
Q

What is the function of the abducens nerve (CN VI)

A

ipsilateral lateral rectus (turns the eye outward) –> abducens nucleus

33
Q

What is the clinical presentation of CN VI damage?

A
  • diplopia
  • unable to laterally move eyes
34
Q

What is CN V? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

trigeminal, both

35
Q

What is the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve?

A

cutaneous sensation of the face

36
Q

What are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

opthalamic, maxillary, mandibular

37
Q

What are the sensory nuclei of the trigeminal nerve?

A

spinal, main sensory, mesencephalic

38
Q

What does the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve do?

A

ipsilateral sensation of the face with pain, deep/crude touch, and temperature

39
Q

What does the main sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve do?

A

discriminative touching of the face

40
Q

What does the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve do?

A

proprioception from the gums and teeth

41
Q

What is the motor function of the trigeminal nerve?

A

ipsilateral side of mastication (motor nucleus of V)

42
Q

What are different tests to look for trigeminal nerve damage?

A
  • cotton ball to the cornea looking for reflex
  • opening and closing jaw to look if the bite is symmetrical
43
Q

What is CN IV? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

trochlear nerve, motor

44
Q

What is the motor function of the trochlear nerve?

A

INNV the contralateral superior oblique which turns the eye down

45
Q

What is the clinical presentation of trochlear nerve damage?

A

The eye will be turned up and in with the lesion
(pt may compensate with head movement)

46
Q

What is CN III? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

oculomotor nerve, motor

47
Q

What muscles does the oculomotor nucleus innervate?

A

superior/inferior oblique
medial rectus
lavator palpaebrae

48
Q

What nucleus of the oculomotor nerve innervates the pupil constrictors?

A

edinger-westphal nucleus

49
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a oculomotor nerve damage?

A
  • eye is down and out with the side of the lesion
  • drooping eye
  • dilated pupil
50
Q

What is the origin of the motor portion of the vagus nerve?

A
  • dorsal motor nucleus of X
  • nucleus ambiguus

Neuro (45 decks)

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