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Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What do special visceral afferent nerves provide?

A

Taste and smell

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2
Q

What do special somatic afferent nerves provide?

A

vision, hearing, and equilibrium

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3
Q

What is CN XII? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

hypoglossal nerve, motor

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4
Q

What is the origin of the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?

A

hypoglossal nucleus

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5
Q

What is/are the function(s) of the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)?

A

INNV of IPSILATERAL intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

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6
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a hypoglossal nerve problem?

A

The tongue will deviate to the side of damage along with atrophy

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7
Q

What is CN XI? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve, motor

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8
Q

What are the origins of the spinal accessory nerve?

A
  • nucleus ambiguus
  • C1-C5 ventral horn
  • accessory nerve in lower medulla
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9
Q

What does the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) innervate?

A
  • soft palate
  • larynx
  • ipsilateral SCM and trapezius
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10
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a spinal accessory (CN XI) problem?

A
  • Shoulder Shrug Test: weakness of the affected side
  • torticollis
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11
Q

What is CN X? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

vagus nerve, both

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12
Q

What is the sensory function of the vagus nerve (CN X)?

A
  • sensation behind the ear (general somatic afferent nerve)
  • sensation of thoracic and abdominal viscera (general visceral afferent nerve)
  • sensation of taste (special visceral afferent nerves)
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13
Q

Where does the sensation provided by the vagus nerve terminate?

A
  • spinal nucleus of V
  • solitary nucleus
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14
Q

What is the motor function of the vagus nerve (CN X)?

A
  • parasympathetic INNV of thoracic and abdominal viscera (general visceral efferent nerve)
  • INNV of ipsilateral pharynx and larynx (special visceral efferent nerve)
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15
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a vagus nerve problem?

A

uvula will deviate to the same side of the damaged nerve

absent gag reflex

problems with:
- swallowing
- coughing
- hoarseness

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16
Q

What is CN IX? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

glossopharyngeal, both

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17
Q

What provides the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)?

A

spinal nucleus of V –> sensation behind the ear

solitary nucleus –> taste, sensation of the pharynx/nasal passages

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18
Q

What provides the motor function of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)?

A

inferior salvatory nucleus –> innervates the parotid gland

nucleus of ambiguus –> innervates stylopharyngeus muscle

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19
Q

What is the action of the stylopharyngeus muscle?

A

lifting and moving the pharynx forward

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20
Q

What is CN VIII? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

vestibulocochlear nerve, sensory

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21
Q

What part of CN VIII provides balance?

A

vestibular nerve

22
Q

What part of CN VIII provides hearing?

A

cochlear nerve

23
Q

What is CN VII? Is it sensory, motor, or both?

A

facial nerve, both

24
Q

What does the spinal nucleus of V provide?

A

sensation behind the ear

25
What does the solitary nucleus provide?
taste
26
What provides the sensory component of the facial nerve (CN VII)?
spinal nucleus of V solitary nucleus
27
What is the function of the superior salvatory nucleus?
- parasympathetic input - INNV salivary gland - INNV lacrimal gland (crocodile tears)
28
What is the clinical presentation of the facial nerve (CN VII)?
No wrinkling in the forehead, eye closing, or smiling on the ipsilateral side of the damage
29
Facial muscles are (ipsilaterally/bilaterally) innervated.
ipsilaterally
30
Forehead muscles are (ipsilaterally/bilaterally) innervated?
bilaterally
31
What is CN VI? Is it sensory, motor, or both?
abducens nerve, motor
32
What is the function of the abducens nerve (CN VI)
ipsilateral lateral rectus (turns the eye outward) --> abducens nucleus
33
What is the clinical presentation of CN VI damage?
- diplopia - unable to laterally move eyes
34
What is CN V? Is it sensory, motor, or both?
trigeminal, both
35
What is the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve?
cutaneous sensation of the face
36
What are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?
opthalamic, maxillary, mandibular
37
What are the sensory nuclei of the trigeminal nerve?
spinal, main sensory, mesencephalic
38
What does the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve do?
ipsilateral sensation of the face with pain, deep/crude touch, and temperature
39
What does the main sensory nucleus of the trigeminal nerve do?
discriminative touching of the face
40
What does the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve do?
proprioception from the gums and teeth
41
What is the motor function of the trigeminal nerve?
ipsilateral side of mastication (motor nucleus of V)
42
What are different tests to look for trigeminal nerve damage?
- cotton ball to the cornea looking for reflex - opening and closing jaw to look if the bite is symmetrical
43
What is CN IV? Is it sensory, motor, or both?
trochlear nerve, motor
44
What is the motor function of the trochlear nerve?
INNV the contralateral superior oblique which turns the eye down
45
What is the clinical presentation of trochlear nerve damage?
The eye will be turned up and in with the lesion (pt may compensate with head movement)
46
What is CN III? Is it sensory, motor, or both?
oculomotor nerve, motor
47
What muscles does the oculomotor nucleus innervate?
superior/inferior oblique medial rectus lavator palpaebrae
48
What nucleus of the oculomotor nerve innervates the pupil constrictors?
edinger-westphal nucleus
49
What is the clinical presentation of a oculomotor nerve damage?
- eye is down and out with the side of the lesion - drooping eye - dilated pupil
50
What is the origin of the motor portion of the vagus nerve?
- dorsal motor nucleus of X - nucleus ambiguus

Neuro (45 decks)

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