higher cortical function

Question 1

What layer of the cortex is there motor input to the cortex?

Answer 1

Layer 4: internal granular (site of thalamocortico fibers)

Question 2

What layer of the cortex is there motor output?

Answer 2

Layer 5: internal pyramidal (large pyram cells, CS, CB)

Question 3

The cortex is arranged in (vertical/horizontal) columns.

Answer 3

vertical columns

Question 4

What areas are in the primary cortex?

Answer 4

Somatosensory (areas 1-3), Motor (area 4), visual (area 17), auditory (area 41)

Question 5

definition: areas that integrate/coordinate information from the primary/secondary areas of the cortex to produce complex, meaningful interactions

Answer 5

association cortex

Question 6

What areas are in the association cortex?

Answer 6

Motor (area 6), somatosensory (areas 5 and 7), visual (areas 18 and 19), auditory (areas 22 and 42)

Question 7

definition: cortical pathway that connects all of the lobes

Answer 7

superior longitudinal fasciculus

Question 8

definition: cortical pathway that connects the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes

Answer 8

superior occipitofrontal fasciculus

Question 9

definition: cortical pathway that connects the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes

Answer 9

inferior occiptofrontal fasciculus

Question 10

definition: cortical pathway that connects the frontal and temporal lobe

Answer 10

uncinate fasciculus

Question 11

definition: cortical pathway that connects the cinguate with the parahippocampal gyrus

Answer 11

cingulum

Question 12

What are the s/s of a left parietal lesion?

Answer 12

• R/L orientation
• acalculla
• agraphia
• limb apraxia

Question 13

What are the s/s of a right parietal lesion?

Answer 13

• intentional hemineglect
• limb apraxia

Question 14

definition: loss of the ability to perform single arithmetic calculations

Answer 14

acalculla

Question 15

What temporal lobe lesion results in auditory recognition and learning problems?

Answer 15

superior temporal gyrus

Question 16

What lesion results in prosopagnosia?

Answer 16

inferior temporal lesion
medial occipital lesion

Question 17

definition: inability to recognize faces

Answer 17

prosopagnosia

Question 18

What are the s/s of orbitofrontal lesions?

Answer 18

• irritation
• hyperkinesia
• promiscuity
• lack of social graces
• paranoia
• grandiosity

Question 19

What are the s/s of prefrontal convexity lesion?

Answer 19

attentional neglect

Question 20

definition: knowing the contralateral orbital space exists but does not care

Answer 20

attentional neglect

Question 21

definition: lesion between Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area

Answer 21

conduction aphasia

Question 22

definition: lesion of ALL the pathways in the Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area

Answer 22

global aphasia

Question 23

What is the left hemisphere responsible for?

Answer 23

• language
• calculations
• right visual field

Question 24

What is the right hemisphere responsible for?

Answer 24

• emotional content to language
• spatial abilities
• music abilities
• left visual field