Social Influence -Obedience Milgrims Situational Variables Flashcards
Proximity
Closeness to authority figure
When experimenter gave orders by phone decreased to 20.5%obedient naives
Teacher and learner in same location decrease to 40%obedient naives from
Obedience to 30% when teacher forces learners hand onto place.
65% baseline study
Location
Where order issued
Baseline at Yale Uni 65% obey
Decreased to 47.5% at run down office,
Conclusion
People obey more when in prestige location, close to figure,wearing uniform - makes them more legitimate have higher status
Uniform
Experimenter played by member of public from 65% to 20% obedience
Proximity reasoning
When proximity decrease can separate themselves from consequences of actions
In diff rooms participant “tracher”less aware of affect on learner
Location reasoning
Prestige uni more obey cus environment make more legitimate .when run down less confidence in authority figure.
Uniform
Uniforms r widely recognised symbols .expect they r entitled.feel entitled to obey
Research suport
Bickman
NYC
3 confed dressed in diff fits
Jacket tie ,milkman and security guard
2X likely to obey confed as security than jacket n tie
Cross cultural replications
Findings I other cultures
Meeus Dutch participants
Ordered to say stressful things in interview to a confed desperate for job
90%participants obeyed person giving orders not present =obedience decrease alot.
High control
Experimental method
High control over extraneous
Script
Everyone got same instructions
Same clothes
Lowinternal valid
Procedure fake
Fake participants
Orne and Holland cristisoze baseline study.e.g
Experimenter replaced by member of public -fake demand characteristics
Investigator effects
Ignores dispositional factors
More to do with personality
Madel say alibi for bad behaviour
Implies names were victims of situational factors beyond control.could of been authoritarianism.
Middendorp low lev of education=obedience
