social class

Question 1

_______ focuses on social inequalities and studies the basic question of who gets what and why

Answer 1

social stratification

Question 2

explain the difference between ascribed and achieved social status

Answer 2

ascribed = given to you, race, gender, age
achieved = acquired via direct efforts, doctor, lawyer

Question 3

_______ is the highest degree obtained or the number of years of education completed

Answer 3

educational attainment

Question 4

___________ is the proportional improvement in healthcare as one moves up in socioeconomic status

Answer 4

socioeconomic gradient

Question 5

__________ refers to the amount of positive regard society has for a given person or idea

Answer 5

prestige

Question 6

__________ is the ability to affect others behavior through real or perceived rewards and punishments

Answer 6

power

Question 7

___________ refers to the organization of the working class around shared goals and recognition of a need for collective political action

Answer 7

class consciousness

Question 8

__________ is the misconception of ones actual position within society

Answer 8

false consciouness

*do not see how bad conditions are, do not recognize the commonalities between their own experiences and others, or are too clouded to assemble into the revoluntionaries

Question 9

_________ refers to a lack of widely accepted social norms and the rbeakdown of social bonds between and individual and society

Answer 9

anomie

Question 10

what is the strain theory?

Answer 10

it expalins how anomie (disappearance of norms) can lead to deviance

Question 11

____________ is the sense of community and social cohesion

Answer 11

social solidarity

Question 12

__________ is the investment people make in their society in return for economic or collective rewards

Answer 12

social capital

Question 13

T / F - the greater the investment, the higher the level of social integration

Answer 13

true

Question 14

__________ is the mvoement of a new or minority population into a larger culture while maintain their ethnic identities

Answer 14

social integration

Question 15

social network can create what two types of social inequalities?

Answer 15

1. situational = socioeconomic advantage
2. positional = based on how connected one is within a network and ones centrality within that network

Question 16

_________ is the inequality of opportunity

Answer 16

privilege

Question 17

explain the difference between social and cultural capital

Answer 17

social = benefits one receives from group association
cultural = benefits one receives from knowledge, abilities, skills

Question 18

______________ refer to peer group and kinship contact which are small but qualitatively powerful
______________ refer to social connections that are personallu superficial but are large in number and provide connections to a wide range of others

Answer 18

strong ties

weak ties

Question 19

__________ is the compounding of disadvantage seen in individuals who belong to more than one underserved group

Answer 19

intersectionality

Question 20

__________ allows one to acquire higher level employment opportunities given proper credentials and experience requirements

Answer 20

social mobility

Question 21

what is the difference between intragenerational and intergenerational mobility

Answer 21

INTRAgenerational = changes in social status that happens within a person lifetime

INTERgenerational = changes in social status from parents to children

Question 22

___________ is a social structure in which intellectual talent and achievements are means for a person to advance up the social ladder

Answer 22

meritocracy

Question 23

____________ is a social structure that is ruled by the upper class

Answer 23

plutocracy

Question 24

give a definition for the following terms:

vertical mobility
horizontal mobility
downward mobility

Answer 24

vertical mobility = moving into higher position / social class
horizontal mobility = chnage in occupation but the individual stays within the same social class
downward mobility = moving in lower position / social class

Question 25

what is social reproduction?

Answer 25

social inequality can be reproduced or passed on from one generational to the next

Question 26

_________ poverty results from problems in society that lead to a lack of opportunity and a lack of jobs

Answer 26

structural

Question 27

what is the difference between absolute and relative poverty?

Answer 27

absolute = people do not have enough money to maintain a quality of living that includes basic life necessities

relative = people are poor in comparison to the larger population in which they live

Question 28

__________ is derived from the governments calculation of the minimum income requirements for families to acquire the minimum necessities of life

Answer 28

poverty line

Question 29

__________ can arise from a snese of powerlessness when poor individuals feel segregated and isolated from society

Answer 29

social exclusion

Question 30

__________ focuses on social stratification across territories and their populations

Answer 30

spatial inequality

Question 31

__________ is the migration pattern of the middle classes to suburban communities

Answer 31

suburbanization

Question 32

___________ in which a previosuly functional portion of a city deteriorates and becomes decrepit over time

Answer 32

urban decay

Question 33

_________ is when city land is reclaimed and renovated for public or private use

Answer 33

urban renewal

Question 34

what is gentrification?

Answer 34

upper / middle class begin to purchase and renovate neighborhoods in deteriorated areas, displacing the low SES population

Question 35

give definitions for the following terms

core nation
peripheral nation
semi peripheral nation

Answer 35

core nation = focus on higher skills and higher paying productions

peripheral nation = lower skilled productions

semi peripheral nation = midway between core / peripheral, working on becoming a core nation while having many characteristics of a peripheral nation