biological basis of nervous system disorders

Question 1

what does the term neuroleptic mean?

Answer 1

medications that depress nerve function

also known as antipsychotics

Question 2

how does depression affect the amygdala, hippocampus, glucocorticoids, norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine?

Answer 2

amygdala (fear / agression) = high glucose metabolism
hippocampus (memory) = atrophy
glucocorticoids / cortisol (stress) = high levels
norepinephrine (rest and digest) = low levels
serotonin (mood) = low levels
dopamine (body control) = low levels

Question 3

how does bipolar disorder affect norepinephrine and serotonin levels?

Answer 3

norepinephrine (rest and digest) = high
serotonin (mood) = high

Question 4

which of the following are NOT biological markers of alzhiemers disease?

• high glucose metabolism in the amygdala
• atrophy of the brain
• flattened sulci in the cerebral cortex
• increased serotonin
• deficient blood flow in parietal lobes
• enlarged cerebral ventricles
• beta amyloid plaques
• reduced levels of acetycholine
• high levels of glucocorticoids

Answer 4

high glucose metabolism in the amygdala
increased serotonin
high levels of glucocorticoids

Question 5

_________ is a characteristic of parkinsons disease and is defined as a slowness of movement

Answer 5

bradykinesia

Question 6

_________ is a characteristic of parkinsons disease and is defined as a tremor that appears when muscles are not being used

Answer 6

resting tremor

Question 7

_________ is a characteristic of parkinsons disease and is defined as flexing and extending the fingers while moving the thumb back and forth

Answer 7

pill rolling tremor

Question 8

_________ is a characteristic of parkinsons disease and is defined as static and expressionaless facial features, staring eyes, and a partially open mouth

Answer 8

masklike facies

Question 9

_________ is a characteristic of parkinsons disease and is defined as muscle tension that intermittently halts movement as an examiner attempts to manipulate a limb

Answer 9

cogwheel rigidity

Question 10

parkinsons disease often stems from the decreased production of __________ in the substantia niagra

Answer 10

dopamine

substantia niagra = layer of vells in the brain that functions ot produce dopamine to permit proper functioning of the basal ganglia (movement)

Question 11

what can be used to partially manage parkinsons disease?

Answer 11

L-DORA

precursor that is converted to dopamine once in the brain, replacing wha is lost due to parkinsons